Brachial Plexus Injury

Question 1

long thoracic nerve location

Answer 1

lateral chest

Question 2

thoracic nerve innervates

Answer 2

superficial surface of serratus anterior

Question 3

symptoms of thoracic nerve injury

Answer 3

median winging of scapula

Question 4

causes of thoracic nerve injury

Answer 4

direct trauma of ribs
strenuous repetitive movement of arms
excessive weight on shoulders

Question 5

test for thoracic nerve injury

Answer 5

support weight of body with hands against the wall

positive - obvious dorsal protrusion

Question 6

location of axillary nerve and what cord does it branch from

Answer 6

branch from posterior cord

moves through quadrangular space

Question 7

axillary nerve innervates

Answer 7

deltoid teres minor

Question 8

axillary nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of the

Answer 8

posterior lateral shoulder

Question 9

causes of axillary nerve injury

Answer 9

fracture arounder surgical neck of humerus

shoulder dislocation

Question 10

symptoms of axillary nerve injury

Answer 10

loss of shoulder abduction above 15 degrees
weakend external rotation of humerus
decreased shoulder stability
loss of cutaneous sensation of posterior lateral shoulder

Question 11

location of radial nerve

Answer 11

branch from posterior cord to hand

Question 12

radial nerve innervates

Answer 12

extensor compartments - brachioradialis, supinator

Question 13

radial nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of

Answer 13

dorsal surface of arm and hands

Question 14

radial nerve divides into

Answer 14

superficial in hand and deep in forearm

Question 15

symptoms of radial nerve injury

Answer 15

wrist drop in extensor muscles in forearm
loss of elbow extension - injury proximal to tricep innervation
loss of sensation in dorsal of thumb and lateral hand

Question 16

causes of radial nerve injury

Answer 16

fracture in shaft of humerus

nerve compression

Question 17

test for radial nerve injury

Answer 17

upper limb neurodynamic test

Question 18

musculocutaneous nerve branch form what cord

Answer 18

branch to lateral cord extend to lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 19

musculocutaneous nerve innervates

Answer 19

flexor compartments, - coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps brachii

Question 20

symptoms of musculocutaneous nerve injury

Answer 20

loss of elbow flexion

weakened supination

Question 21

causes of musculocutaneous nerve injury

Answer 21

compression injury caused by lots of forearm flexing, supination and weight lifting

Question 22

test for musculocutaneous nerve injury

Answer 22

MC nerve tension test
patient in supine 
make fist with hand - ulnar deviation
extend elbow
shoulder extension
positive - sharp shooting pain during these movements

Question 23

ulnar nerve location

Answer 23

travels distally by crossing the elbow joint
posterior of medial epicondyle
parallel with ulnar artery after passing medial epicondyle

Question 24

ulnar nerve innervates

Answer 24

flexor carpi ulnaris
1/2 flexor digitorum profundus
hypothenar muscles and all other intrinsic hand muscles except thenar and 1st 2 lumbrical muscles

Question 25

ulnar nerve is responsible for the cutaneous innervation of

Answer 25

pinky and ring finger = lateral 2 digits

Question 26

causes of ulnar nerve injury

Answer 26

``` compression caused by; injury inside of the elbow fluid build up of elbow swelling or arthritis in elbow or wrist joint bone spurs in elbow medial epicondyle fracture wrist trauma ```

Question 27

symptoms of ulnar nerve injury

Answer 27

tardy ulnar palsy - parasthesia of ring and little finger loss of fine motor control paralysis of fingers - claw hand

Question 28

median nerve location

Answer 28

crosses elbow medial tendon to tendon of biceps brachii

Question 29

median nerve splits into

Answer 29

anterior interosseus nerve | median nerve proper

Question 30

median nerve innervates

Answer 30

all flexor compartments except; flexor carpi ulnaris 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus

Question 31

median nerve proper of median nerve innervates

Answer 31

1st 2 lumbrical muscles | 3 muscles of thenar eminance

Question 32

causes of median nerve injury

Answer 32

nerve is entrapped or inflamed by; attempted suicide supracondylar fracture of humerus direct trauma to wrist and elbow joints

Question 33

symptoms of median nerve injury

Answer 33

carpal tunnel syndrome | parasthesia and pain - thumb, middle and index finger

Question 34

test of median nerve injury

Answer 34

``` patient position in supine progressively load median nerve shoulder depression with forearm on table shoulder abduction of 90 degrees external rotation forearm supination wrist, finger and elbow extension ```