brain circulation

Question 1

entry of internal carotid

Answer 1

carotid canal

Question 2

where does the ICA passes

Answer 2

anteriorly and medially through the cavernous sinus of the sphenoid body

Question 3

what are the terminal branches of ICA

Answer 3

Anterior cerebral a.

• anterior communicating artery • Middle cerebral a.

Question 4

where does the vertebral a. pass through

Answer 4

Pass through the transverse foramina of the first 6 cervical vertebraePerforate dura and arachnoid to pass through the foramen magnum

Question 5

where does the vertebral a. unit

Answer 5

Unite anterior to pons to form the basilar artery

Question 6

which martial system isalso know as the posterior circulation of the brain

Answer 6

vertebrobasilar

Question 7

which artery lies close to the base of the skull

Answer 7

basilar

Question 8

basilar a. divided into

Answer 8

Divides into the (2) posterior cerebral arteries

Question 9

the post. cerebral a. join with which artery

Answer 9

join the internal carotid artery (ICA) via the posterior communicating arteries

Question 10

what does the ant cerebral a. supplie

Answer 10

Supplies most of the medial and superior surfaces of the

brain and frontal pole

Question 11

what does the middle cerebral a. supplies

Answer 11

Supplies the lateral surface of the brain and temporal pole

Question 12

what does the posterior cerebral a. supplies

Answer 12

Supplies the inferior surface of the brain and occipital pole

Question 13

role of circle of Willis

Answer 13

Important anastomosis at the base of the brain

Question 14

which veins is the principle vessel to receive blood from the venous sinus of dura matter

Answer 14

internal jugular vein

Question 15

what those the vein in the brain supplies

Answer 15

Veins draining the brain are tributaries of the large venous sinuses in the dura mater

Question 16

what happens if the jugular become occluded

Answer 16

the angular vein, pterygoid plexus and suboccipital veins offer collateral circulation

Question 17

what is the dural venous sinus

Answer 17

Endothelium lined spaces between the periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura

Question 18

where those the large veins from the surface of the brain empty

Answer 18

into dural venous sinuses where they drain all the blood into internal jugular vein

Question 19

which veins liesin the superior border of the falx cerebri

Answer 19

sup sagittal sinus

Question 20

location of sup sagittal sinus

Answer 20

Lies in the superior border of the falx cerebri
• Originates at the crista galli and ends near the internal
occipital protuberance at the junction of the confluence of sinuses

Question 21

what empty into the confluence of sinuses

Answer 21

sup sagittal sinus, straight sinus, occipital sinus, transverse sinus

Question 22

location of inf sagittal sinus

Answer 22

Runs in the inferior border of the falx Cerebri and terminates in the straight sinus

Question 23

what formed the straight sinus

Answer 23

the joining of the Inferior Sagittal Sinus and the Great Cerebral Vein

Question 24

location of straight sinus

Answer 24

Runs infero-posteriorly along the line of attachment of the falx Cerebri and the Tentorium Cerebelli

Question 25

pathway of transverse sinus

Answer 25

Leaves the confluence of sinuses laterally along the occipital bones and the posteroinferior angles of the parietal bones

Question 26

which veins becomebecome the sigmoid sinus as they approach the petrous portion of the temporal bones

Answer 26

transverse sinus

Question 27

which one btw right of left transverse sinus is larger

Answer 27

right

Question 28

which veinsFollows an S-shaped course in the posterior cranial fossa

Answer 28

sigmoid sinus

Question 29

which veins form deepgrooves in the temporal and occipital bones

Answer 29

sigmoid sinus

Question 30

pathway of sigmoid sinus

Answer 30

Continues inferiorly to the jugular foramen to become the internal jugular vein

Question 31

location of sigmoid sinus

Answer 31

posterior cranial fossa

Question 32

location of cavernous sinus

Answer 32

middle cranial fossa, on each side of sella turcica

Question 33

which veins is located on each side of sella turcica

Answer 33

cavernous sinus

Question 34

pathway of cavernous sinus

Answer 34

extends from the superior orbital fissure anteriorly to the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal bone posteriorly

Question 35

cavernous sinus receive blood from and where does it drain it blood

Answer 35

* sup. Ophthalmic vein * inf. Ophthalmic vein * Middle cerebral vein * Sphenoparietal sinus Will drain to the superior and inferior petrosal sinus (postero-inferiorly) and to the pterygoid plexus

Question 36

what is content in the cavernous sinus

Answer 36

* Internal carotid artery | * Carotid plexus of sympathetic nerves • Abducens nerve (CVI)

Question 37

what is ensheted in lateral wall of cavernous sinus

Answer 37

* Occulomotor nv. ( III) * Trochlear nv. (CIV) * Trigeminal nv. (CV1 and sometimes CV2)

Question 38

pathway of superior petrosal sinus

Answer 38

Run from the posterior ends of the veins of the cavernous sinus to the transverse sinus to then curve to form the sigmoid sinus

Question 39

location of sup petrosal sinus

Answer 39

anterolateral portion of the tentorium cerebelli,Attaches to the petrous portion of the temporal bone

Question 40

which veins attached to the petrous portion

Answer 40

sup petrosal sinus

Question 41

pathway of inf petrosal sinus

Answer 41

Also begins at the posterior ends of the veins of the cavernous sinus inferiorly • Runs between the petrous portion of the temporal bones and the basilar portion of the occipital bone

Question 42

drainage of inf petrosal sinus

Answer 42

Drains the lateral cavernous sinus directly into the origin of the IJV

Question 43

what does the basilar plexus connect

Answer 43

Connects inferior petrosal sinus to internal vertebral venous network

Question 44

what does the emissary veins connect

Answer 44

Connect dural venous sinuses with veins outside the cranium

Question 45

what is the arachnoid granulation

Answer 45

Collection of arachnoid villi | • Prolongation of arachnoid that protrude through the meningeal layer of the dura into the dural venous sinuses

Question 46

location of arachnoid granulation

Answer 46

found in areas of the sup sagittal and transverse sinus

Question 47

what does the arachnoid granulation affect and function

Answer 47

- affect the transfer of CSF to the venous system | - Are structurally adapted to transport CSF from the subarachnoid space to the venous system