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Breast Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

Tx of Congenital Nipple Inversion

A

Spontaneous or Simple Traction

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2
Q

When do breasts become fully mature?

A

At onset of Pregnancy

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3
Q

Unit of Breast

A

Terminal Ductal Lobular Unit

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4
Q

Two types of Cells in Breast

A 
Myoepithelial Cells (contractile meshwork)
Luminal Epithelial Cells (produce milk)
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5
Q

Most common symptoms of Breast disease

A

Pain (Mastalgia or Mastodynia)
Palpable Mass
Nipple Discharge
Bloody or Serous Discharge

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6
Q

Discrete Palpable Masses are most common in

A

Premenopausal Women

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7
Q

Is Galactorrhea associated with malignancy?

A

No

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8
Q

Most common cause of Bloody Discharge is

A

Large Ductal Papillomas and Cysts

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9
Q

Sensitivity and Specificity of Mammogram increase with

A

Age

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10
Q

Signs of Carcinoma on Mammogram are

A

Densities & Calcifications

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11
Q

Most commonly detected as Calcifications is

A

Ductal Carcinoma in Situe (SCIS)

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12
Q

Associated with Breastfeeding

A

Acute Mastitis

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13
Q

Most common cause of Acute Mastitis

A

S. Aureus

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14
Q

Key feature of Keratinizing Squamous metaplasia of the Nipple Ducts resulting in Subareolar Mass

A

Periductal Mastitis

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15
Q

90% of Periductal Mastitis is associated with

A

Smokers because of Vitamin A Deficiency

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16
Q

Inflammation with dilation of the wall of Subareolar Ducts is

A

Mammary Duct Ectasia

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17
Q

Mammary Duct Ectasia presets with

A

Thick, white (or green/brown) discharge

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18
Q

On Mammogram, Mammary Duct Ectasia is confused for Cancer because it presents as

A

Calcification

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19
Q

Fat Necrosis is associated with

A

Trauma

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20
Q

Mammary Duct Ectasia is seen most commonly in

A

Multiparous, Postmenopausal Women

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21
Q

Lymphocystic Mastopathy (or Sclerosing Lymphocytic Lobulitis) is most common in

A

DM Type 1 or Autoimmune Thyroiditis

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22
Q

Granulomatous Mastitis (Mycobacteria or Fungi) is most common in

A

Immunocompromized or adjacent to foreign objects!

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23
Q

“Lumpy, Bumpy Breast”

A

Fibrocystic Disease

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24
Q

Blue Dome Cysts

A

Fibrocystic Disease

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25
Fibrocystic Disease is most common in
Premenopausal women in Upper Outer Quadrant
26
Does Fibrocystic Disease increase risk for cancer?
No
27
Three principle morphologic changes of Fibrocystic Disease
Cysts, Fibrosis, Adenosis
28
Proliferative Breast Disease without Atypia that results in more than two cell layers is
Epithelial Hyperplasia
29
Proliferative Breast Disease without Atypia that results in increased # of acini per terminal duct (to at least double) is
Sclerosing Adenosis
30
Does Proliferative Breast Disease without Atypia increase risk for cancer?
Yes, Mild
31
Does Proliferative Breast Disease with Atypia increase risk for cancer?
Yes, Moderate
32
Name two Proliferative Breast Disease with Atypia
Atypical Ductal and Lobular Hyperplasia
33
Large Ductal Papillomas are most common in
Premenopausal Women
34
80% of Large Ductal Papillomas cause
Bloody Discharge
35
Name Three Proliferative Breast Disease without Atypia
Epithelial Hyperplasia Sclerosing Adenosis Papillomas
36
Clinical Significance of Benign Epithelial Lesions is
Both breasts are at increased risk for cancer, and 80% will not develop breast cancer
37
Most common Benign Breast Tumor that is sharply circumscribed and freely mobile is
Fibroadenoma, benign with no increased risk of carcinoma! :)
38
Popcorn Calcifications
Fibroadenoma
39
Post renal transplant treated with Cyclosporin A will result in
Fibroadenoma
40
Leaflike
Phyllodes Tumor
41
EGFR amplification is seen in
Phyllodes Tumor
42
Intralobular Stromal Tumors
Fibroadenoma & Phyllodes Tumor
43
Phyllodes Tumor is most common in
Postmenopausal Women
44
Fibroadenoma is most common in
Premenopausal Women
45
If a woman lives until 90 she has a _ in _ chance of having breast cancer.
1/8
46
Most common non-skin cancer in women is
Breast Cancer
47
Mammograms predominantly detect
Small, ER + invasive carcinoma and DCIS
48
Most important risk for Breast Cancer is
Gener (Female)
49
Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool includes
``` Age Early Menarche (< 11 y/o increases) Late Menopause Age at first live birth (< 20 y/o decreases) First Degree Relative Atypical Hyperplasia Race (White) ```
50
How does Coffee affect Breast Cancer Risk?
Decreases
51
How does heavy Alcohol use affect Breast Cancer Risk?
Increases
52
How does Obesity affect Breast Cancer Risk?
< 40 Decreases | > 40 Increases
53
How does breastfeeding affect Breast Cancer Risk?
Decreases
54
Leading cause of CA deaths in women is
Lung Cancer
55
Major risk factors for the development of Breast Cancer are
Hormonal & Genetic
56
"Tripple Negative" Phenotype is associated with
BRCA 1
57
Male breast cancer is more frequently associated with
BRCA 2
58
Sporadic Breast Cancer is associated with
Hormone Eposure
59
Majority of Breast Malignancies are
Adenocarcinomas
60
In Situ Carcinoma is
limited to ducts and lobules by BM
61
Most DCIS is detected as
Calcification on Mammogram
62
5 subtypes of DCIS
Pleomorphic: Comedocarcinoma ``` Monomorphic: Solid Cribriform Papillary Micropapillary ```
63
Comedocarinoma DCIS
Sheets of Pleomorphic Cells that grow in the duct with necrosis and central calcification...
64
DCIS that extends up ducts to skin of nipple is called
Paget Disease
65
Unilateral erythema eruption with crust on the nipple is called
Paget Disease
66
Paget Disease is ALWAY associated with underlying
cancer of the Breast
67
Most common type of invasive carcinoma of the Breast is
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
68
Solid DCIS
Monomorphic, fills spaces
69
Cribriform DCIS
Monomorphic, "Cookie-Cutter"
70
Papillary DCIS
Monomorphic, Grows into spaces along fibrovascular cores that lack normal myoepithelial layer
71
Micropapillary DCIS
Monomorphic, no fibrovascular core
72
Most common form of DCIS
Comedocarcinoma
73
Invasive carcinoma that forms duct-like structures in a desmoplastic stroma
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
74
As Invasive Ductal Carcinoma progresses it causes
Peau d' Orange, or dimpling/retraction of the Nipple
75
Tubular Invasive Ductal Carcinoma has how many cell types in Tubules?
1
76
Prognosis of Tubular Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is
Good
77
Muscinous Invasive Ductal Carcinoma presents as
Cancerous cells floating in Mucous
78
Muscinous Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is mostly seen in
Elderly women
79
Prognosis of Muscinous Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is
Good
80
Inflammatory Carcinoma presents with
Tumors in Dermal Lymphatics
81
Medullary Carcinoma presents with
Pushing boarders and increased risk with BRCA 1 promoter over expression
82
LCIS is normally ditected
Incidentally
83
LCIS and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma lack
E-cadherin, so cells appear discohesive
84
Treat LCIS with
Tamoxifen
85
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma grows in
Single-file pattern (or dyscohesive)
86
Most important factor of prognosis is
Spread to Axillary Lymph Nodes
87
Soft, rubbery, pale blue gelatin is
Mucinous Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
88
Metaplastic Carcinoma (or Triple Negative Breast Cancer (No ER, PR, or HER2))
Poor Prognosis
89
Invasive Papillary - ER + has
Good Prognosis
90
Invasive Micropapillary - ER negative, HER 2 positive has
Poor Prognosis
91
BRCA1 is associated with
Breast and ovarian Cancer
92
BRCA2 is associated with
Breast cancer in Males

Pathology (5 decks)

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