Breast Milk Flashcards
(22 cards)
What nutrients does breast milk provide in the correct proportions for infants?
Vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
What supports digestive and immune health in breast milk?
Bifidobacteria and prebiotic oligosaccharides.
What are some long-term health benefits of breastfeeding for infants?
Reduced risk of eczema, asthma, and food allergies.
How does breastfeeding benefit maternal fertility?
It delays ovulation by suppressing GnRH through prolactin.
How does breastfeeding support maternal health?
It conserves iron, supports weight loss, and lowers cancer risks.
How does breastfeeding support maternal emotional health?
Oxytocin release enhances bonding and reduces postpartum depression symptoms.
What is the water content of breast milk?
88%.
What is the main carbohydrate in breast milk and its role?
Lactose; aids digestion and calcium absorption.
Name two essential fatty acids in breast milk.
Linoleic and linolenic acid (also includes AA and DHA).
What proteins dominate breast milk?
Alpha-lactalbumin and whey.
What is colostrum and when is it produced?
A pre-milk substance rich in antibodies, produced in the first 2–3 days after birth.
How does colostrum protect infants?
Contains secretory IgA and white blood cells that prevent infection.
What bacterial benefits does breast milk offer?
Contains over 700 species of beneficial bacteria, influencing gut colonization.
Which protein in breast milk helps prevent iron-using bacterial growth?
Lactoferrin.
What does lactadherin in breast milk do?
Fights rotavirus, which causes infant diarrhea.
How does breast milk affect allergies and cardiovascular risk?
May prevent dermatitis, cow milk allergy, wheezing, and lower adult cholesterol.
What minerals are well-absorbed from breast milk?
Calcium, zinc, and iron (despite low quantity).
How can iron transfer to the infant be increased at birth?
By delaying umbilical cord clamping until it stops pulsating.
Why is breast milk low in sodium beneficial?
It’s easier on the infant’s immature kidneys.
What is the recommended duration for exclusive breastfeeding?
Six months, with continued breastfeeding up to two years or more.
How does breastfeeding support toddlers emotionally?
Provides love, comfort, protection, and supports self-esteem.
What hormone enhances bonding and has anti-inflammatory effects in mothers?
Oxytocin.
