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Question 1

What was the aim of the study on stress and imagery therapy?

Answer 1

To find out the effects of relaxation and imagery therapy to treat stress in cancer patients

The study specifically focused on women diagnosed with breast cancer.

Question 2

What hypothesis did the researchers propose regarding the treatments?

Answer 2

The treatments could be effective and lead to a reduction of stress in participants who were in the experimental group compared to those in the control group

The control group did not undergo treatment.

Question 3

What was the sample size of the study?

Answer 3

139 women diagnosed with breast cancer

After dropouts, the final sample consisted of 139 from 183 participants.

Question 4

What age range did the participants of the study fall into?

Answer 4

All participants were under 70 years of age, with an average age of 53 years.

Question 5

How were participants recruited for the study?

Answer 5

Participants were recruited via an opportunity sample from women attending a 6-week outpatient course of radiotherapy at Middlesex Hospital in the UK.

Question 6

What criteria did participants have to meet to be included in the study?

Answer 6

All participants had undergone at least one session of radiotherapy and provided informed consent to join the study.

Question 7

How many women initially started in the study before dropouts?

Answer 7

183 women started in the study.

Question 8

What type of study design was employed?

Answer 8

A 6-week longitudinal study.

Question 9

What measures did participants fill out before and after the relaxation therapy?

Answer 9

The Profile of Mood States Questionnaire and the Leeds General Scale.

Question 10

True or False: All participants spoke English.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The study specifically focused on women diagnosed with _______.

Answer 11

[breast cancer]

Question 12

What was the sample size in the study?

Answer 12

139 women

The study involved a total of 139 women participants.

Question 13

What were the three conditions participants were randomly allocated to?

Answer 13

Control group, relaxation group, relaxation plus imagery group

Participants were divided into a control group and two experimental groups.

Question 14

What techniques were taught to the both experimental groups?

Answer 14

Relaxation techniques and imagery

Techniques included learning to relax individual muscles and diaphragmatic breathing.

Question 15

How long did the sessions last for the experimental groups?

Answer 15

30 minutes

Each session lasted for 30 minutes where exercises were practiced.

Question 16

What was the minimum practice time participants were asked to do at home?

Answer 16

15 minutes per day

Both groups were encouraged to practice techniques at home for at least 15 minutes.

Question 17

What is the Leeds General Scale used for?

Answer 17

To measure severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms

A score of seven or more indicated a persistence of either state

The Leeds General Scale includes 6 items rated on a 4-point scale.

Question 18

What kind of analysis was performed in the study?

Answer 18

Statistical analysis

The study included statistical analysis to validate findings.

Question 19

True or False: All participants were seen individually by one of the two researchers.

Answer 19

True

Each participant was seen individually once a week during the 6-week program.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The profile of mood states Q is a _____ item questionnaire.

Answer 20

65
65 items to year scores on subscales for tension, depression,, anger, fatigue, and confusion and a total mood disturbance score is calculated from this
## Footnote

The Profile of Moods States Q yields scores on various subscales.

Question 21

What relaxation technique involved slowing the breathing rate?

Answer 21

Diaphragmatic breathing

This technique helps individuals become calmer and more relaxed.

Question 22

What did the control group do during the sessions?

Answer 22

Talked about themselves and their interests

The control group was not taught relaxation techniques but encouraged to engage in conversation.

Question 23

What was found to be significantly different between the intervention group and the control group?

Answer 23

Total mood disturbance score at 6 weeks was significantly less in the intervention group 53.9 than the control 61.4 group.

The intervention group showed a notable improvement in mood disturbance compared to the control group.

Question 24

Did the initial question show significant differences between groups?

Answer 24

There was no significant difference between groups on the initial question.

The results indicated that the initial assessment did not reveal any notable discrepancies.

Question 25

Which demographic showed more effective results from the intervention?

Answer 25

Women over 54 years old showed more effective results from the intervention. ## Footnote This may be attributed to older women having more time to focus on technique.

Question 26

What was the effect of the relaxation plus imagery group following the intervention?

Answer 26

A small difference was found in the relaxation plus imagery group following the intervention. ## Footnote This suggests that the specific intervention had a measurable impact on this group.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The intervention was found to be more effective in _______.

Answer 27

older women.

Question 28

True or False: The intervention showed no differences in mood disturbance at 6 weeks.

Answer 28

False.

Question 29

what were the ethics of the study?

Answer 29

The participants were informed that the study was being carried out to investigate ways of reducing stress radiotherapy, and that each participants randomly advocated to one of the three conditions The researchers ensure that the participants knew that the non-participation would have no effect of the course of radiotherapy And no drug was administered, and confidentiality would be remained

Question 30

How did participants interact with researchers?

Answer 30

All participants were seen individually by one of the two researchers once a week during the six week program

Question 31

How was the homework done and how long did it last?

Answer 31

The experimental group were given odd tape, which repeated the instructions for all relaxation techniques that they had learned in their groups, and they were told that they should practice this at home for a minimum of 15 minutes every day

Question 32

Extra results

Answer 32

No significant difference were found for the 25 women who had received chemotherapy before study and the 114 women who had not Both relaxation and the relaxation emoji droop significantly lowered their scores for the older women on the measure of tension, depression, and mood disturbance compared to the control There was no significant in the mood mood disturbance of the relaxation group when the data from both age groups were combined