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I&D Quiz 1 > Bug List (Quiz 1) > Flashcards

Bug List (Quiz 1) Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

Acute bacterial endocarditis (IV drug use)

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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2
Q

Scalded skin syndrome

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

Toxic shock syndrome (superantigen)

A

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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4
Q

Cocci (sphere-shaped clusters)

Golden

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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5
Q

Medical device colonization (i.e. catheters, prosthetic valves)

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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6
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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7
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis (SpeB)

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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8
Q

M protein Virulence factor

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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9
Q

SpeA and SpeC (exotoxins)

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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10
Q

Baby can get from mother during delivery through vaginal canal

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)

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11
Q

Neonatal meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)

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12
Q

Most common cause of MOPS (Meningitis, Otitis media, Pneumonia, Sinusitis)

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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13
Q

IgA protease virulence factor

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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14
Q

Produces few toxin

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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15
Q

Risk factor: wool sorter’s

A

Bacillus anthracis

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16
Q

Black, dead skin surrounded by edema

A

Bacillus anthracis

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17
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bacillus anthracis

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18
Q 
Exotoxins:
edema Factor (EF), increases cAMP
lethal factor (LF), response for necrosis/cleaves MAPK
A

Bacillus anthracis

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19
Q

Associated with reheated rice

A

Bacillus cereus

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20
Q

Pale exudate on soft palate (nerve damage, demyelination)

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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21
Q

Exotoxin A: inhibits elongation factor 2 (EF-2) to inhibit protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation; necrosis (pseudomembrane formation), similar to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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22
Q

Culture: tellurite agare or Loeffler’s medium
Toxin assay: Elek’s test
Black colonies on cystine-tellurite agar

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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23
Q

Toxoid vaccine

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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24
Q

Acquired by patient or mother from food (containment milk/soft cheese/meat)

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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25
Neonatal meningitis (3rd most common cause)
Listeria monocytogenes
26
Most common cause of meningitis in adults 60+ and immunocompromised patients
Listeria monocytogenes
27
Can grow at refrigeration temperatures
Listeria monocytogenes
28
Motile: actin propellers (around cells and through membranes)
Listeria monocytogenes
29
Risk factor: animal contact (reptile)
Salmonella (non-typhoidal)
30
Lower infectiousness (high inoculum, acid-labile)
salmonellas
31
Poultry/egg transmission
salmonellas
32
Type III secretion (molecular needle)
salmonellas and shigella
33
H2S production on TSI agar (black colonies)
salmonellas
34
No antibiotics typically (if any, fluroquinolones or ceftriaxone)
Salmonella (non-typhoidal)
35
Fecal-oral route | Developing countries with poor sanitation
Salmonella (typhoidal)
36
Gastroenteritis (which Salmonella)
Salmonella (non-typhoidal)
37
Nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea (which Salmonella)
Salmonella (non-typhoidal)
38
Enteric fever, rash (which Salmonella)
Salmonella (typhoidal)
39
High infectiousness (low inoculum, acid-stable)
Shigella
40
Oral-fecal transmission (unwashed hands)
Shigella
41
Bloody stool, HUS
Shigella
42
No H2S production on TSI agar
Shigella
43
Green colonies on hektoin agar
Shigella
44
MacConkey Agar (lactose negative)
salmonellas and shigella
45
Immobile, manipulates eukaryotic cytoskeleton (primarily actin filaments) to achieve intracellular motility after invading M cells in Peyer’s patches of gastrointestinal mucosa
Shigella
46
Acquired from contaminated beef
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
47
Bloody diarrhea, HUS
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
48
Most common cause of UTIs
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
49
Neonatal meningitis (only with K antigen)
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
50
Damages endothelial cells in glomerulus; platelet aggregation and decreased platelet count; hemolysis
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
51
Shiga-like toxin: inhibits translation of 60S ribosomes
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
52
Doesn’t ferment sorbitol
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
53
Watery diarrhea (traveler’s diarrhea)
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
54
Newborns in developing nations at risk
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
55
High infectious dose (which e coli)
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
56
low infectious dose (which e coli)
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
57
``` MacConkey Agar (lactose positive, pink) Green on EMB agar ```
E. coli
58
Undercooked poultry | Unpasteurized milk
Campylobacter jejuni
59
Guillain-Barre (ascending paralysis)
Campylobacter jejuni
60
Invasive, can penetrate intestinal epithelium
Campylobacter jejuni
61
Thermophilic (grows at 42ºC)
Helicobacter pylori
62
Peptic ulcer (anorexia, vomiting, epigastric pain, belching)
Helicobacter pylori
63
Chronic inflammation —> metaplasia and cancer
Helicobacter pylori
64
Urease positive
Helicobacter pylori
65
VacA, CagA toxins
Helicobacter pylori
66
Antibiotics Cure Pylori Amoxicillin Clarithromycin (macrolide) Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Helicobacter pylori
67
- Motile (flagella spins)
Helicobacter pylori
68
Whooping cough
Bordetella pertussis
69
Whooping cough | stage 1
Day 2-7, Catarrhal (low-grade fever, coryza, cold symptoms)
70
Whooping cough | stage 2
Day 14+, Paroxysmal (episodes of spasmodic coughing, vomiting)
71
Whooping cough | stage 3
Convalescent (gradual resolution)
72
Acute epiglottis (fever, sore throat, drooling)
Haemophilus influenzae
73
Neonatal meningitis (type B capsule)
Haemophilus influenzae
74
Chocolate agar: requires X factor (heme) and V factor (NAD+)
Haemophilus influenzae
75
Risk factor: smoking
Legionella pneumophila
76
Headache, confusion | Diarrhea
Legionella pneumophila
77
Kills macrophages and releases new bacteria (produces necrotizing pneumonia)
Legionella pneumophila
78
Buffered charcoal yeast extract: requires cysteine and iron
Legionella pneumophila
79
Urine antigen test
Legionella pneumophila
80
Chlamydia pneumoniae elementary bodies
infectious form
81
Chlamydia pneumoniae reticular bodies
replicating form
82
Weakly gram negative
Chlamydia pneumoniae
83
Requires silver stain
Legionella pneumophila
84
Cell wall lacks muramic acid (peptidoglycan component)
Chlamydia pneumoniae
85
Risk factor: military recruit (young and close quarters)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
86
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
87
Not seen on gram stain (no cell wall)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
88
Interferes with ciliary actions, initiates shredding of involved mucosa
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
89
IgM cold angulations cause angulation of RBCs, could lead to RBC lysis
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
90
Pneumonia, currant jelly sputum
Klebsiella pneumoniae
91
Abscesses and aspiration pneumonia
Klebsiella pneumoniae
92
Risk factor: alcoholics
Klebsiella pneumoniae
93
Risk factors: CF, HIV, and diabetic patients, IV drug users, and burn victims
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
94
Exotoxin A: inhibits elongation factor 2 (EF-2) to inhibit protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation; necrosis (pseudomembrane formation), similar to diphtheria toxin
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
95
Blue/green pigment (pyocyanin and pyoverdin)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
96
Produces a fruity grape-like odor when plated
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
97
Thrives in aquatic environments
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
98
Watery, strong smelling diarrhea
Clostridium difficile
99
Toxin A & B: disruption of cytoskeleton and intercellular tight junctions; pseudomembrane
Clostridium difficile
100
Black colonies on cystine-tellurite agar
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
101
Cholesterol in cell membrane
Mycoplasma pneumoniae

I&D Quiz 1 (8 decks)

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