Building Technology

Question 0

Tied arch

Answer 0

requires building temporary supports (hard in the rough Mississippi current)

Question 1

Truss type bridge

Answer 1

expensive

Question 2

Suspension

Answer 2

really only necessary for long spans

Question 3

Cable Stay span

Answer 3

used on the Mississippi bridge

Question 4

Road Deck:

Answer 4

girder goes on the outside of the road deck ($30,000 each) - made out of 3 huge pieces of steel and weighs 17 tons, road deck concrete cant get above 90 degrees or won’t cure right - they added ice to the mixture to cool it

Question 5

STEEL

Answer 5

(is a Ferris metal), good in tension and compression, steel and cast iron are not the same material, less than 2% carbon

Question 6

CAST IRON

Answer 6

poured in molds, 2-4% carbon, String in compression but not so much in tension, brittle

Question 7

WROUGHT IRON

Answer 7

based from iron ore-iron ore is the raw ingredient, Metal is wrought by iron workers into the intended shape, little or no carbon, weaker in compression stronger in tension, malleable

Question 8

I Beam

Answer 8

-Measured by the letter (Standard or Wideflange) and height (times) the weight of 1 linear foot Wideflange more prominent today “I beam” for a column looks almost square in proportion

Question 9

Channel Leg

Answer 9

(looks like a C)

Question 10

Mild reinforced steel

Answer 10

not for stretching-for resisting

Question 11

Rebar

Answer 11

ribbed to grab concrete, sizing determined in 1/8” increments, Metal rods, Gives strangth to concrete

Question 12

Tendon

Answer 12

twisted wires together to make bendable cable like stick

Question 13

Castellated beam

Answer 13

made from flat-web steel joists, a wide flange beam is cut like a zigzag through the web and offset and re-welded together (*see picture). spans farther without increasing the weight (dead load

Question 14

Open web steel joist

Answer 14

Made from steel angles of bar stock, Takes the load in one direction at a time. Goes under the roof/floor decks

Question 15

Deck for steel frame construction

Answer 15

deck is spot weld to the joists, corrugated metal is used for the subfloor of the roof deck, the deeper the corrugated profile on the roof deck the longer the metal can span (& the farther joists can be spaced)

Question 16

Form Deck

Answer 16

only will hold a concrete topping

Question 17

Composite Deck

Answer 17

some have folds/some have indents to join to the concrete

Question 18

BROOKLYN BRIDGE

Answer 18

Suspension bridge made of trusses and cables

Question 19

Weathering steel

Answer 19

supposed to have rust- rust acts as a layer of protection (convocation center)

Question 20

Rivet

Answer 20

An almost obsolete type of connection in metal construction

Question 21

Moment connection

Answer 21

connects at the flanges of the I-beam by welding

Question 22

Shear panel connection

Answer 22

connected at the web of the I-beam by bolts, Can have both shear and moment connections on one joint

Question 23

Welding

Answer 23

takes time and talent, two pieces of metal are heated to molten state and additional molten metal is added and works like glue to fuse them together as they all cool, Fillet weld, groove weld, puddle welds

Question 24

Diagonal bracing

Answer 24

added in steel construction to keep the building from wracking, added every 2 floors- can be temporary steel cables to pull the building plumb, steel is only allowed to go 2 floors at a time in traditional construction

Question 25

Structural Engineer

Answer 25

lays out framing plan

Question 26

Fabricator

Answer 26

makes the pieces/folds the steel to the right shapes

Question 27

Erector

Answer 27

contractors that put it all together

Question 28

Mobile Crane

Answer 28

can travel but has a height limit

Question 29

Tower Crane

Answer 29

constructed outside (or even within the building where the elevator shaft will be)

Question 30

Luffing boom crane

Answer 30

"climbs the building"

Question 31

FIREPROOFING

Answer 31

more expensive if we have to fireproof, steel is heated when it is folded into the right shapes and when reheated in a fire it can unfold

Question 32

STEEL STUDS

Answer 32

resists rot, resists bugs, fire resistance,"harder to hang grannys picture on the wall", have to use screws for construction instead of nails, metals gauge- the smaller the number the thicker the metal (too think metal can warp), finished out the same way as wood (gypsum>tape and float>paint)

Question 33

CONCRETE

Answer 33

Great in compression, Can carry load in more than one direction at once vs steel which can only carry load in a singular direction as a given time, can polish and stain concrete

Question 34

Cement

Answer 34

only an ingredient within the concrete

Question 35

Design strength of concrete

Answer 35

28 days

Question 36

Release strength own load

Answer 36

24hrs

Question 37

Concrete Ingredients

Answer 37

Portland cement, aggregate, sand, water (drinkable water called potable)

Question 38

Sitecast

Answer 38

used for foundations (slab on grade), lets it be more sculptural with the formwork

Question 39

Precast

Answer 39

less time delays, can work on framework and concrete in separate location, letting work be done at the same time in two separate places.

Question 40

ASTM

Answer 40

tests cement and aggregate

Question 41

Formwork

Answer 41

Temporary structure erected to contain concrete during placing and initial hardening

Question 42

Hydration

Answer 42

can be tarped to retain heat in winter so the water in the concrete doesn't freeze before its cured, crystallizes cement to bind sand and aggregate in the concrete

Question 43

Concrete minimum resistance

Answer 43

3000psi and max is 9000 but rare to find it

Question 44

Slump test

Answer 44

they fill a cone with wet concrete and measure how far it slumps, measures consistence and water content

Question 45

Cylinder test

Answer 45

(crush test), Test batches of the concrete by crushing them at certain number of days that the concrete has been cured.

Question 46

PORTLAND CEMENT

Answer 46

acts like glue (looks like fine gray powder), made of limestone, clay and sand

Question 47

L shaped beam

Answer 47

-able to carry concrete joist

Question 48

Structural double tee

Answer 48

carry more load, light weight use.

Question 49

Steel

Answer 49

an inexpensive way to get a wide span

Question 50

Single tee

Answer 50

has single leg and wants to fall over but can span longer

Question 51

Tilt wall

Answer 51

economical way to construct buildings, form all walls and floors on a horizontal surface.