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Skipper > Buoyage & Lights > Flashcards

Buoyage & Lights Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of marker may be lit with

one long flash every n seconds

or

morse code A - 1 short 1 long every n seconds

A

Safe-water buoy

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2
Q

What abbreviations on a chart would be used for this light?

A

2 FR

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3
Q

What does FL. mean on a buoy?

A

Flashing light. Off more than it’s on.

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4
Q

What does this mean for a lighthouse on the chart?

Fl. 10s72m23M Horn 60s

A

Flashing white light once every 10 seconds (white because the color is not specified)

Height of light is 72 meters above MHWS

Can be seen for 23 miles

Horn sounds once every 60 seconds.

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5
Q

What does morse code W mean?

A

I require medical assistance

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6
Q

What does F mean on a buoy?

A

Light is fixed. On all the time.

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7
Q

When lateral buoys are numbered, which ones are even?

A

Port buoys

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8
Q

What mark is red and white vertical striped?

A

Safe water mark

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9
Q

What flashes yellow for 1 sec followed by blue for 1 sec with 0.5 seconds inbetween?

A

Temporary Wreck Marking Buoy

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10
Q

What does a white flag with a red X mean?

A

I require assistance

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11
Q

What is the loom of a light?

A

A light that is rotating causes the light to sweep across the sky

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12
Q

What does this symbol on a chart mean?

A

It indicates the direction of the buoyage, meaning green will be starboard and red port in the direction indicated by the arrow.

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13
Q

What does an all yellow mark mean (may have a yellow X on top)?

A

Special mark used for non-navigational reasons (racing, recreational area, data collection point, etc)

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14
Q

What is a BYB cardinal mark?

A

East cardinal mark

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15
Q

What does AL. mean on a buoy?

A

Alternating. Alternates between different colored lights.

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16
Q

What does a vertical red and white striped triangle flag mean?

A

Message understood. I will comply.

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17
Q

What does a Safe Water Mark mean?

A

1st buoy you see when you come into a port.

It’s the start of the lateral buoys.

You can pass on either side, but convention is to keep it on our port side.

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18
Q

What does this mean?

FL.(6) + LFL.15s

A

6 short flashes followed by 1 long flash within 15 seconds.

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19
Q

What does an isolated danger mark look like?

A

Combo of RB on a Buoy or pole with two black circles on top.

On the chart, it will show 2 black circles on top.

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20
Q

What does one horn blast mean?

A

I am turning to starboard

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21
Q

What do 5 or more short blasts mean?

A

I don’t understand your intentions (aka what on earth are you doing?)

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22
Q

IALA A

What does a preferred channel mark of RGR mean?

A

Preferred channel is to port

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23
Q

What is this marker?

A

Isolated danger mark

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24
Q

You wish to follow the main channel. Should you leave this mark to port or starboard?

A

Starboard.

This is a preferred channel marker. The mainly green tells you the main channel is to the right and the preferred channel is to port.

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25
Q

What lights should you show when you are under sail?

A

Either

red/green (port/starbaord) on your bow

or

red/green (port starboard) on left and right and white in the back at the top of your mast

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26
Q

What does a safe water mark indicate?

A

the start of a buoyed channel

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27
Q

What does morse code T mean?

A

Message understood. I will comply

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28
Q

What light should a small vessel use when anchoring?

A

White light at top of mast

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29
Q

What symbol over a lateral buoy indicates it is fitted with a radar reflector?

A

An eyelash

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30
Q

What do lateral marks mean?

A

They mark the sides of the channel.

Buoys are setup for entry into port.

Therefore, starboard buoys will be on the right and port buoys on your left as you enter the port and reversed when you leave the port.

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31
Q

When lateral buoys are numbered, which ones are odd?

A

Starboard buoys

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32
Q

What does OC. mean on a buoy?

A

Occulting. On more than it’s off.

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33
Q

What’s another name for a Safe Water Mark?

A

Fairway Buoy

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34
Q

What flashes a yellow light in a sequence that cannot be confused with any other lights?

A

Special markers

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35
Q

What marker flashes a white light 9 times?

A

West Cardinal Mark

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36
Q

What will show the light for morse code ‘u’ (dit dit dah)

A

Large offshore structures

U means ‘you are standing in danger’

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37
Q

What is the difference between a beacon and buoy?

A

A beacon is set in the ground in concrete. It will be shown vertically on the chart.

A buoy is floating. It will be shown angled to the right on the chart.

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38
Q

How would fixed structures connected to the shore, such as jetties, piers, and breakwaters, usually be lit?

A

With two vertical fixed lights, either red or green per the direction of the bouyage.

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39
Q

What lights should you show when you are under power?

A

White light half-way up mast and red/green (port/starboard) on bow

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40
Q

What lights should a vessel over 50m use when anchoring?

A

Two white lights, bow and stern

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41
Q

What does a flag with a red center square surrounded by white, surrounded by blue mean?

A

I require medical assistance.

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42
Q

IALA A - which lateral mark marks a channel on the port side?

A

Red cans

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43
Q

Which region is IALA B

A

North and South America, Japan, Korea

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44
Q

What does morse code N mean?

A

No, negative, or I am unable to comply

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45
Q

What is a YBY cardinal mark?

A

West cardinal mark

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46
Q

What does morse code V mean?

A

I require assistance

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47
Q

What do 3 short horn blasts mean?

A

My engines are going astern (this does not necessarily mean the craft is going backwards)

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48
Q

What is a YB cardinal mark?

A

South cardinal mark

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49
Q

What does two horn blasts mean?

A

I am turning to port

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50
Q

What marker flashes a white light 6 times followed by one long white flash?

A

South Cardinal Mark

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51
Q

What lights will vessels >50m under power have?

A

White lights on bow and stern

red/green lights at bow

52
Q

What does a blue and white checkered flag mean?

A

No or negative

or I am unable to comply

53
Q

What 4 light configurations could a safe water mark have?

A

One long flash

Occulting

Isophase

Morse A (one short flash, one long flash)

54
Q

IALA A - which lateral mark marks a channel on the starboard side?

A

Green cones

55
Q

What does morse code C mean?

A

Yes, affirmative

56
Q

Define these common abbreviations

A
57
Q

What is the symbol on the chart that tells you which way the lateral buoys will be going?

A

A large magenta arrow with two circles on either side.

58
Q

What does a preferred channel mark mean?

A

Used when a channel divides and indicates which side is the preferred side.

59
Q

What flag should you fly when you are motor sailing?

A

Black triangle pointed down

60
Q

What does Iso. 4s. mean?

A

On for 2 secs and off for 2 secs.

61
Q

What marker flashes a white light 3 times?

A

East Cardinal Mark

62
Q

What is this marker?

A

Temporary Wreck Marking Buoy

63
Q

IALA A

What does a preferred channel mark of RGR mean?

A

Preferred channel is to starboard

64
Q

What marks the exact position of a danger

A

Isolated danger mark

65
Q

Should you leave a safe water mark to port or starboard?

A

Port

66
Q

What is this marker?

A

A major safe water buoy

67
Q

how do safe water marks appear on the chart?

A

buoy with vertical line down the middle and an empty circle on top

68
Q

What do these abbreviations mean?

A
69
Q

What marker flash a white light twice within n seconds?

A

Isolated danger markers

70
Q

What does this mean for a lighthouse?

Fl.(4)WR15s13/11M

A

Flashing 4 times in 15 seconds.

Visibility for white light 13 miles, red 11 miles

71
Q

What daymark should all vessels use when anchoring?

A

Black ball on bow

72
Q

What does RACON mean on a chart?

A

Stands for Radar Beacon. It is a structure that is equipped with a radar reflector.

73
Q

What is a BY cardinal mark?

A

North cardinal

74
Q

What does ISO. mean on a buoy?

A

Isophase. On and off for the same amount of time.

75
Q

What marker flashes a white light continuously?

A

North Cardinal Mark

76
Q

Which region is IALA A?

A

Everywhere except North and South America, Japan, Korea

77
Q

What does a BY vertically stripped mark with a yellow cross on top mean?

A

Emergency wreck marking buoy used until a permanent one is put in place.

Appears like a safe water mark, but with a cross on top instead of circle.

78
Q

What does this mean for a lighthouse?

Iso.WRG.4s21-17M

A

Isophase light.

On for 2 sec

Off for 2 sec

White visibile for 21 miles

Green visible for 17 miles

Red visible for 17-21 miles

Keep down the white sector

79
Q

IALA A

What does a preferred channel mark of GRG mean?

A

Preferred channel is to port.

80
Q

What is the order of precedence for positions for flying flags?

A
  1. as close to the stern of the vessel as possible
    2) masthead
    3) starboard spreader
    4) port spreader
81
Q

What flag is flown at the masthead?

A

A burgee -

a flag bearing the colours or emblem of a sailing club, typically triangular.

82
Q

Where should signaling flags be placed?

A

The starboard spreader

83
Q

What is the Q flag and where should it be placed?

A

The Q flag stands for quarantine and indicates you’re a new arrival, not yet officially checked into the foreign country.

The yellow Q flag should be flown instead of the courtesy ensign until the yacht is properly cleared by customs and immigration, after which the Q flag is replaced by the courtesy flag.

It should be flown on the starboard spreader

84
Q

What flags are flown on the port spreaders?

A

The port spreaders are used for house flags. A house flag is normally but not always a small rectangular version of a burgee. It may indicate membership of an association (i.e. the RYA) or society or may be to indicate membership of another club should that club have a house flag. More than one house flag may be flown on the port halyard, but with caution as too many might appear vulgar to some.

85
Q

What does this flag mean?

A

I have a diver down please pass at slow speed

86
Q

What does this cone mean?

A

Mooring

87
Q

What does this cone mean?

A

Motoring

88
Q

What is another name used for buoys?

A

(Navigation) Marks

89
Q

What does IALA stand for?

A

International Association of Lighthouse Authorities

90
Q

What are Cardinal Marks named after?

A

Four main parts of the compass (North, East, South, West)

91
Q

What are Cardinal Marks used for?

A

Indicates where the safest water will be found

92
Q

What are the topmarks of Cardinal Marks?

A

Two cones pointing in different directions

93
Q

What colour are Cardinal Marks?

A

Yellow and Black

94
Q

How many times do North Cardinal Marks flash?

A

Continuously

95
Q

How many times do South Cardinal Marks flash?

A

6 + 1 long to make it unique (6 o’clock)

96
Q

True or False? All Cardinal Marks are lit

A

False Not all Cardinal Marks are lit

97
Q

What colour do Lateral Buoys flash?

A

Same colour as the buoy

98
Q

What shapes are Portside Lateral Marks?

A

Can shaped

99
Q

What shapes are Starboard Lateral Marks?

A

Cone shaped

100
Q

In IALA-A what colour is Portside and what colour is Starboard?

A

Portside is red Starboard is green

101
Q

In IALA-B what colour is Portside and what colour is Starboard?

A

Portside is green Starboard is red

102
Q

Where is IALA-A used?

A

Africa, Australia, Europe, New Zealand, Russia

103
Q

What are Lateral Marks used for?

A

To mark the edge of shipping channels

104
Q

True or False? The direction of Buoyage is usually the direction of the rising tide

A

True

105
Q

True or False? The direction of Buoyage is usually the direction of the rising tide

A

True

106
Q

Where is IALA-B used?

A

Canada, USA, South America, South East Asia, and parts of the Caribbean

107
Q

What colour is the isolated danger mark?

A

Black with at least one red band

108
Q

What topmarks does the isolated danger mark have?

A

Two black balls

109
Q

What colour are special marks?

A

Yellow

110
Q

What does the presence of safe water mark indicate?

A

That you are nearing your destination

111
Q

What are special marks used for?

A

To relay some sort of informatoion

112
Q

Name three limitations of Buoys as Navigation Aids?

A

Buoys could drag anchors and be out of position Not all Buoys are lit at night Buoys do get hit and can sink You may miss one out following a channel and end up cutting a corner In a scheme with several buoys its easy to lose count and turn early or late Plus a couple more

113
Q

What are the topmarks on special marks?

A

An X

114
Q

R23: WIG craft

A

I: A masthead light forward II: An all round flashing yellow light II: Sidelights + Sternlight

115
Q

Power driven vessel over 50m

A

I: A masthead light forward II: A second mast head light abaft of and higher than the forward one II: Sidelights + Sternlight

116
Q

Power driven vessel under 50m

A

I: A masthead light II: Sidelights + Sternlight

117
Q

Towing vessel under 50m tow under 50m

A

I: 2 white masthead lights II: Sidelights II: Towing light + Yellow town light above

118
Q

Towing vessel under 50m tow over 50m

A

I: Three vertical masthead lights II: Sidelights II: Sternlight + Yellow towing light above

119
Q

Towing vessel over 50m tow under 50m

A

I: Three white masthead lights with the highest being further abaft than the others. II: Sidelights II: Sternlight + Yellow tow light above

120
Q

Town vessel over 50m tow over 50m

A

I: Four white masthead lights with the highest being further abaft than the others. II: Sidelights III: Sternlight + Yellow tow light above

121
Q

Towing vessel over 50m length of tow over 50m

A

I: Four white masthead lights with the highest being further abaft than the others. II: Three lights in a vertical line red/white/red III: Sidelights IV: Sternlight + Yellow tow light above

122
Q

Power vessel under 12m

A

I: An all round white light (360degrees) II: Sidelights

123
Q

Power vessel under 7m max speed 7kn

A

I: An all round white light (360degrees) II: If practicable, sidelights

124
Q

Sailing vessel

A

I: Sidelights (Head) II: Sternlight III: A sailing vessel underway may also exhibit two all round light with the highest being and red and lowest being green.

125
Q

Sailing vessel less than 20m

A

I: The rules found in paragraph (a) of this rule may be combined with a lantern positioned at the top of the mast.

126
Q

Sailing vessel less than 7m or rowboat

A

I: If practicable the vessel should exhibit the lights described in paragraph a or b of this rule. II: If not she should have ready an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light exhibited in sufficient enough to prevent collision

127
Q

Power driven vessel over 50m

A

I: A masthead light forward II: A second mast head light abaft of and higher than the forward one II: Sidelights + Sternlight

Skipper (22 decks)

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