Burns

Question 1

Wound care basics

Answer 1

mild soap and water

normal saline

COVER open wound

leave wide margin of intact skin around dressing

keep moist

Question 2

What to avoid putting on wounds

Answer 2

povidone-iodine

alcohol

hydrogen peroxide

Question 3

Removing bandage

Answer 3

remove if leaking/time to change

do so CAREFULLY

use adhesive remover

Question 4

Factors affecting wound healing (many)

Answer 4

nutrition

location

secondary diagnosis (e.g. diabetes)

lifestyle - not protecting wound

stress

infections

Question 5

How does stress impact wound healing?

Answer 5

increases catecholamines

vasoconstriction

Question 6

Most common complain with skin lesions

Answer 6

pruritis

Question 7

Relief of symptoms

Answer 7

cooling bath or ice pack

prevent scratching
-mittens for young children
-short nails
-antipruritic meds

Question 8

Signs of skin infections

Answer 8

leaking

hot/warm

worsening pain/pain that doesn’t improve

odour

redness

Question 9

Most common cause of impetigo contagiosa

Answer 9

strep or staph

highly contagious

Question 10

Signs and symptoms of impetigo contagiosa

Answer 10

redness macule that becomes vesicular

ruptures and spreads

honey-coloured crusts

Question 11

Management of impetigo

Answer 11

careful removal of debris

bactericidal ointment

antibiotics if severe

Question 12

What is a potential complication of impetigo?

Answer 12

cellulitis

Question 13

Signs of cellulitis

Answer 13

red

swollen

firm

pain

abscess

Question 14

Diaper dermatitis causes

Answer 14

irritation from urine and feces*

detergent

chemical irritants
e.g. diaper wipes

Question 15

What can diaper dermatitis progress to?

Answer 15

candidiasis

Question 16

Sign of candidiasis

Answer 16

satellite lesions crossing inguinal folds

Question 17

Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Answer 17

a type of pruritic eczema that begins in infancy

hereditary component

associated with food allergies, asthma, allergic rhinitis

Question 18

Most frequent cause of burns in toddlers

Answer 18

hot-water scald

Question 19

Most frequent cause of burns in older children

Answer 19

flame-related burns

kids are obsessed with fire

Question 20

Burns related to child abuse

Answer 20

does the story fit location of burn?

does kid have ability?

cigarette burn

subversive burn

Question 21

Extent of burn injuries described as….

Answer 21

total body surface area

use age-related charts

Question 22

Depth of burn injury descriptors (4)

Answer 22

first degree

second degree

third degree

fourth degree

Question 23

first degree burn

Answer 23

superficial

e.g. sunburn, brief scalf

dry surface

Question 24

second degree burn

Answer 24

partial thickness

e.g. scalds, flash flame

blistered, drainage, edema

Question 25

third degree burn

Answer 25

full thickness e.g. fire, contact with hot objects tough, leathery, pale white brown or tan, black

Question 26

fourth degree burn

Answer 26

full thickness and underlying tissue

Question 27

Signs of an inhalation burn

Answer 27

resp distress WOB coughing up singed nose hairs burns around mouth

Question 28

Priority for burns

Answer 28

ABCs* airway maintenance!

Question 29

Therapeutic management emergency care priority for burns

Answer 29

stop burning process assess patient's condition cover burn to prevent contamination transport to appropriate level of care provide reassurance

Question 30

What is critical in the first 24 hours after a burn?

Answer 30

fluid replacement therapy

Question 31

Other care considerations

Answer 31

nutrition - enhanced metabolic demands meds -antibiotics -analgesics -anesthetics

Question 32

Surgery that may be done for burns

Answer 32

skin graft