C:10 Using Resources Paper 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Name 4 Things Humans need Resources for?
A
- 1) Food
- 2) Warm
- 3) Transport
- 4) Shelter
2
Q
Write a Definition of Finite and renewable?
A
- Finite is When it will run out.
- Renewable is when its good for the environment in the long run.
3
Q
Write down a Finite resource and a Renewable resource?
A
- a Finite resources is tin cans.
- a Renewable energy source is wool.
4
Q
Write a Definition of synthetic and natural and name 1 synthetic example and 1 natural example?
A
- Synthetic is man made and natural is when nature produces it.
- A Example of synthetic is plastic bottles.
- A Example of Natural is Cotton.
5
Q
Write a Definition of Sustainability and name if crude oil is suitable for the environment?
A
- Suitability is when its better for the planet.
- Crude oil isn’t suitable because it will run out.
6
Q
Name a resource that can replace crude oil?
A
- Biofuels because its a renewable energy source and won run out.
7
Q
What is crude Oil a example of and how is Ethanol made from?
A
- Crude oil is a example of a finite resources.
- Ethanol can be made from the distillation of crude oil.
8
Q
Name 2 other consideration humans should consider when choosing resources?
A
- 1) How much it costs.
- 2) How much energy it produces.
9
Q
What do we call water that is safe to drink?
A
- Potable Water.
10
Q
why is Filtering and sterilising use to obtain potable water?
A
- Its filtered because to get rid of solids.
- Its then sterilised to kill bacteria.
11
Q
Name 2 Methods used to sterilise water?
A
- 1) Using chlorine.
- 2) Using ozone.
12
Q
Name the 3 Sources of potable water?
A
- 1) Fresh water
- 2) Seawater
- 3) Waste water
13
Q
Name a Problem with sourcing seawater to turn into potable water?
A
- It is the most expensive source to treat because larger amount of energy is needed to distilled the Salty water.
14
Q
Name the 4 steps of how water is treated?
A
- 1) Screening.
- 2) Sedimentations.
- 3) Aerobic digestion.
- 4) Anaerobic digestion
15
Q
What’s the mnemonic to remember the 4 stages of clean water process?
A
- Strong - Screening
- Swimmers -sedimentation
- Avoid - aerobic digestion
- Accidents - Anaerobic digestion
- Strong swimmers avoid accidents
16
Q
What happens at the end of the cleaning water process?
A
- The sludge is realised back into the environment.
17
Q
What happens in the screening and grit removal stage?
A
- The first stage of treatment removes large materials such as plastic bags and twigs and grit by filtration.
18
Q
What happens in the sedimentation stage?
A
- Sedimentation comes next which occurs in a settlement tank. The Water is allowed to stand still in the tank while heavier solids sink to the bottom creating sewage Sludge , whilst lighter matter also know as effluent floats to the top.
19
Q
What happens in the aerobic digestion stage?
A
- The effluent is removed and treated by biological aerobic digestion.
- This involves pumping air into the water to encourage the breakdown of organic matter and other microbes by aerobic bacteria.
20
Q
Write a Definition of Effluent and what does effluent contain?
A
- Effluent is the liquid part of sewage during sedimentation.
- Effluent contains a very large amount of organic molecules and harmful microorganism.
21
Q
What happens in the anaerobic digestion stage?
A
- Anaerobic digestion is then used to break down the sewage sludge from the bottom of the settlement tank. It is first removed and placed in larger tanks where bacteria break it down.
- Anaerobic Digestion realises methane gas as a product from organic matter in the sludge. Methane gas is used as a source of energy and the leftover digested waste as a sludge.
22
Q
What does Anaerobic respiration produce and how is it used?
A
- Anaerobic Respiration produces biogas.
- Biogas is used as a fuel.
23
Q
Suggest why sludge makes a useful fertiliser?
A
- Sludge contains a massive amount of organic material.
24
Q
Describe how ground water from aquifers is treated before it it potable water?
A
- Because it could have mud and bacteria in it so it has to be treated before it can be drinking Water.
25
Name the state to get from solid to liquid and name the state to get from liquid to gas?
- The state to get from solid to liquid is melting.
- The state to get from liquids to gases is boiling.
26
Name the state to get from gas to liquid and name the state to get from liquid to solid?
- The state to get from gas to liquid is condensing.
- The state to get from liquid to solids is freezing.
27
How do you test to see if water is pure and what's the boiling point for Water ?
- To see if water is pure and only contains H20 and nothing else yo can measure its boiling point.
- For pure water the boiling point will be 100℃.
28
Why is water Filtered and how is water sterilized?
- Water is filtered because to remove solids.
- Water is Sterilised through ozone layer and UV light.
29
What Method would a dry country use and name the problem with this method?
- Salt water can be made into potable water by distillation or reverse osmosis.
- Both of these methods are expensive because they use large amounts of energy.
30
What does reverse osmosis use and How is water from a test Tube different to the sea water you start with?
- Reverse osmosis uses membrane's to extract salt from seawater.
- Water from test tube is different by sea water because it removes salt.
31
In 5 Steps how do you determine the mass of dissolved solids (PRATICAL)
- 1) Weight evaporating basin.
- 2) Measure 100cm³ of river water using a measuring cylinder.
- 3) Heat using a Bunsen burner until all water has evaporated.
- 4) Heat the evaporating basin.
- 5) Calculate the mass of solids in the basin
(New mass of basin minus original mass of basin)
32
What is crude oil made from and what is the problem with our current fossil fuel usage?
- Crude oil is made from the remains of plants and animals and plankton.
- The problem with our current fossil fuel usage is that its finite and will run out.
33
What is Ethanol and how is Ethene used?
- Ethanol is an important chemical which can be used as a solvent and a fuel.
-Ethene can be made ethanol.
34
How is ethene made and what is it described as?
- Ethene is made from the cracking of crude oil.
- So Ethene is described as renewable but fermentation of plants sugars can also be used to make ethanol so ethanol is a finite.
35
Write a Definition of the Life cycle assessment And what does it consider?
- The Life cycle assessment (LCA) examines the environmental and human impacts of a products across its entire lifespan.
- LCAs consider the use of resources (Like water, energy input or output) and the environmental impacts of each stage in the life of a product.
36
Name the 4 Parts of The Life cycle assessment?
- 1) Extracting raw Materials.
- 2) Manufacturing and distubtion.
- 3) Product Use.
- 4) Disposal/Recycle.
37
Why are Plastic Bags bad to the environment and Why are Paper Bags Worse than Plastic Bags?
- Plastic Bags are bad for the environment because of the Pollution they cause.
- Paper bags are worse than plastic bags Because there manufacturing requires more energy and their lifespan is far shorter.
38
Name 3 Ways to Prevent running out?
- 1) Reduce
- 2) Reuse
- 3) Recycle
39
How is Reusing different to recycling?
- Because you use it again.
40
Name 4 Advantages of Recycling Materials?
- 1) Reduces Waste in landfills.
- 2) Remove Bottles.
- 3) Reduce the amount of waste.
- 4) Don't have to mine as much.
41
Name 2 Disadvantage of Recycling?
- 1) Not everyone recycles.
- 2) Requires machinery.
42
Name a Advantage for burning plastics?
- 1) To save area and the space can be used on other uses.
43
Name a Disadvantage of Burning plastics?
- 1) Might set fire and cause Fossil fuels to be realised.
44
Name a Advantage of a landfill filling up with plastic or metal?
- 1) Not realising pollutants.
45
Name a Disadvantage of a Landfill filling up with plastic or metal?
- 1) Uses Lots of space.
