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Question 1

What is on the left of the steps in the periodic table?

Answer 1

Metals

Question 2

What is on the right of the steps on the periodic table?

Answer 2

Non metals

Question 3

What is an element?

Answer 3

A small substance that is made up of only one type of atoms

Question 4

What are vertical columns in a periodic table called?

Answer 4

Groups

Question 5

What are the horizontal rows in a periodic table called?

Answer 5

Periods

Question 6

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 6

The total mass of the products formed in a reaction is equal to the total mass of the reactants

Question 7

What is on the left and what is on the right hand side of a word equation?

Answer 7

Reactants on the left
Products on the right

Question 8

What are the state symbols for liquid, solid, gas and aqueous ?

Answer 8

(L) , (s) , (g) , (aq)

Question 9

Why should all symbol equations be balanced?

Answer 9

Because atoms cannot be created or destroyed

Question 10

What is a mixture?

Answer 10

Made up of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined together

Question 11

What are the differences between compounds and mixtures?

Answer 11

-compounds have a fixed composition mixtures don’t
-chemical reactions must be used to separate the elements in a compound but in a mixtures u can separate using physical techniques
-there are chemical bonds in a compound and there are no chemical bonds in a mixture

Question 12

Name ways u can separate substances in a mixture?

Answer 12

-filtration
-distillation
-chromatography
-crystallisation

Question 13

What is fractional distillation used for separating?

Answer 13

Miscible liquids

Question 14

What is the atomic number?

Answer 14

The number of protons in each element

Question 15

What is the mass number?

Answer 15

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 16

How do u find the number of neutrons?

Answer 16

Number of neutrons=mass number of - atomic number

Question 17

What is an ion

Answer 17

an atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charge as a result of having lost or gained one or more electrons

Question 18

What is an isotope?

Answer 18

forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 19

What is the electronic structure?

Answer 19

When you write down the numbers in each energy level

Question 20

What is an atom?

Answer 20

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist

Question 21

What is a compound?

Answer 21

A pure substance made from more than one type of element chemically combined in a fixed proportion.

Question 22

What do chemical reactions always involve?

Answer 22

The formation of one or more new substances and often involve a detectable energy change

Question 23

How do you separate compounds?

Answer 23

Compounds can only be separated by chemical reactions

Question 24

Who discovered the electron?

Answer 24

J.J. Thomson

Question 25

Who discovered protons and the nucleus in an atom?

Answer 25

Ernest Rutherford

Question 26

Who discovered neutrons?

Answer 26

James Chadwick

Question 27

What is the radius of an atom?

Answer 27

0.1nm

Question 28

What are the relative masses of protons , neutrons and electrons

Answer 28

Proton-1 Neutron-1 Electron-very small

Question 29

Describe the alpha particle scattering experiment?

Question 30

What did the plum pudding model suggest?

Answer 30

It suggested that the atom is a ball of positive charge w negative electrons embedding it

Question 31

What conclusion did the alpha scattering experiment lead to?

Answer 31

That the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre and that the nucleus was charged

Question 32

How did niel Bohr adapt the nuclear model?

Answer 32

By suggesting that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances

Question 33

What did the positive charge of the nucleus be divided into?

Answer 33

It could be subdivided into a whole number of smaller particles,each particle having the same amount of positive charge. The name proton was given to these particles

Question 34

What did James Chadwick’s experiments provide?

Answer 34

It provided the evidence to show the existence of neutrons within the nucleus

Question 35

How are the elements in the periodic table arranged?

Answer 35

In order of atomic number and so elements with similar properties are in columns,known as groups

Question 36

What do elements in the same group have ?

Answer 36

The same number of electrons in the outer shell and this gives them similar chemical properties

Question 37

How were elements arranged before the discovery of protons neutrons and electrons ?

Answer 37

By arranging them in order of their atomic weight

Question 38

What was wrong with the early periodic table?

Answer 38

It was incomplete and some elements were placed in inappropriate groups if the strict order of atomic weights was followed

Question 39

How did Mendeleev overcome some of the problems?

Answer 39

By leaving gaps for elements that he thought had not been discovered and in some places changed the order based on atomic weights

Question 40

What filled the filled gps in Mendeleev periodic table ?

Answer 40

Elements with properties predicted by Mendeleev

Question 41

What did the knowledge of isotopes do?

Answer 41

They made it possible to explain why the order based on atomic weights was not always correct

Question 42

What is the atomic number?

Answer 42

The number of protons in an element

Question 43

What are non metals ?

Answer 43

Elements that do not form positive ions

Question 44

What are the majority of elements?

Answer 44

Metals

Question 45

What are the elements in group 0 called ?

Answer 45

Noble gases

Question 46

What are properties of noble gases?

Answer 46

They are unreactive and do not easily form molecules because there atoms have stable arrangements of electrons

Question 47

How many electrons are there on the outer shell of noble gases?

Answer 47

8 expect from helium which has 2

Question 48

What happens to the boiling points of noble gases?

Answer 48

They increase with increasing relative atomic mass

Question 49

What are the elements in group 1 known as ?

Answer 49

Alkali metals

Question 50

How many electrons are there in the outer shell of alkali metals?

Answer 50

1

Question 51

What is the reactivity of alkali metals?

Answer 51

It increases as it goes down the group

Question 52

What are the elements in group 7 known as ?

Answer 52

Halogens

Question 53

Why do halogens have similar reactions.

Answer 53

Because they all have 7 electrons in their outer shell

Question 54

What are the halogens.

Answer 54

They are non metals and consist of molecules made of pairs of atoms

Question 55

In group 7 what happens when u go down the group?

Answer 55

The further down the group an element is the higher its relative molecular mass , melting point and boiling point and the reactivity decreases going down

Question 56

What can a more reactive halogens displace?

Answer 56

They displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt

Question 57

What are transition metals?

Answer 57

They are metals with similar properties which are different from those of the elements in Group 1

Question 58

What do many transition metals have?

Answer 58

They have more than one ions and they form coloured compounds and are useful as catalysts

Question 59

What are the properties of alkali metals (group 1)?

Answer 59

- low in density and they are soft metals - they form 1+ ions as they have 1 electron in their outer shell

Question 60

What are the trends of alkali metals?

Answer 60

Increasing reactivity- the attraction between the nucleus and electron decreases because the electron is further away from the nucleus Lower melting and boiling points Higher relative atomic mass

Question 61

What are the properties of metallic bonding ?

Answer 61

-very strong -high melting and boiling point -conduct electricity and heat

Question 62

What are the properties of covalent bonding?

Answer 62

-high melting and boiling point -very strong -does not conduct electricity

Question 63

What are the properties of ionic bonding?

Answer 63

-very strong -high melting and boiling point -when liquid it conducts electricity when it’s solid it does not conduct electricity