Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemistry > C2 > Flashcards

C2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards
1
Q

What are the types of chemical bonds?

A

Ionic covalent and metallic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

Electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

Electrostatic forces of attraction between the nuclei of atoms and the shared pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is metallic bonding?

A

The electrostatic forces of attraction between cations and the sea of delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When does metallic bonding occur?

A

Metallic bonding occurs in metallic elements and alloys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does ionic bonding occur?

A

Ionic bonding occurs in compounds formed from metals combined with nonmetals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When does covalent bonding occur ?

A

Covalent bonding occurs in most non metallic elements and in compounds of non metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens in ionic bonding?

A

The electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are transferred to make a full outer shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to metals when they lose an electron?

A

They become positively charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens when nonmetals gain electrons?

A

They become a
Negatively charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do the ions produced by metals in groups 1 and 2 and by non metals in group 6 and 7 have the electronic structure of?

A

Noble gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What a dot and cross diagram be used represented?

A

The electron transfer during the formation of an ionic compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the charge on the ions produced by groups 1 2 6 7 realate to?

A

The group number of the element in the periodic table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an ionic compound?

A

A giant structure of ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are ionic compounds held together by.

A

Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens when atoms share pairs of electrons?

A

They form covalent bonds these bonds between atoms are strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do covalently bonded substances consist of?

A

Small molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do some covalent bonds have?

A

Large molecules such as polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What structure do some covalently bonded substances have?

A

Giant covalent structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do metals consist of ?

A

Giant structures of atoms arranged in a regular pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the electrons in the outer shell of metal atoms?

A

Delocalised and so are free to move through the whole structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do the sharing of delocalised electrons give ?

A

Rise to strong metallic bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the states of matter?

A

Solid liquid gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What takes place at the melting point?

A

Melting and freezing

25
Q

What takes place at the boiling point?

A

Boiling and condensing

26
Q

How are particles represented in states of matter?

A

Small solid spheres

27
Q

What can particle theory help explain?

A

Melting boiling freezing and condensing

28
Q

What does the stronger forces between the particles equal?

A

The higher the melting and boiling point of the substance

29
Q

What are the state symbols for solids liquids and gas and aqueous solution?

A

(S) (l) (g) (aq)

30
Q

What do ionic compounds have ?

A

Regular structures ( giant ionic lattices ) in which there are strong electrostatic forces of attraction in all directions between oppositely charged ions

31
Q

What do the compounds in ionic compounds have ?

A

High melting and boiling points because of the large amounts of energy needed to break the many strong bonds

32
Q

What happens when ionic compounds melt or dissolve in water?

A

They conduct electricity because the ions are free to move and so charge can flow

33
Q

What are substances that consist of small molecules?

A

They are usually gases or liquids that have relatively low melting and boiling points

34
Q

How do the intermolecular forces increase ?

A

They increase with the size of the molecules so larger molecules have higher melting and boiling points

35
Q

Why do intermolecular substances not conduct electricity?

A

Because the molecules do not have an overall electric charge

36
Q

How are the atoms in polymer molecules linked to other atoms?

A

By strong covalent bonds

37
Q

How strong are the intermolecular forces between polymer molecules?

A

They are relatively strong and so these substances are solids at room temperature

38
Q

What are substances that consist of giant covalent structures?

A

They are solids with very high melting points

39
Q

How are the atoms in giant covalent structures linked?

A

By strong covalent bonds

40
Q

What must happen to be able to melt or boil giant covalent substances?

A

They must over come these strong covalent bonds

41
Q

What are some examples of giant covalent structures?

A

Diamond graphite and silicon dioxide

42
Q

What do metals have ?

A

Giant structures of atoms with strong metallic bonding

43
Q

How are atoms arranged in metals?

A

In layers which allows metals to be bent and shaped

44
Q

Do metals have a low or high Mel and boiling point?

A

High

45
Q

Why are pure metals mixed with other metals?

A

Because they are too soft for many uses so they are mixed with other metals to make alloys which are harder to

46
Q

Why are metals good conductors of electricity?

A

Because the delocalised electrons in the metal carry electrical charge through the metal

47
Q

Why are metals good conductors of thermal energy?

A

Because energy is transferred by the delocalised electrons

48
Q

In a diamond how many covalent bonds do each carbon atom form?

A

It forms 4 covalent bonds with other carbon atoms in a gang covalent structure so diamond is very hard to

49
Q

What are some properties of diamond ?

A

It has a high melting point and does not conduct electricity

50
Q

How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in graphite?

A

3 covalent bonds with 3 other carbon atoms forming layers of hexagonal rings which has no covalent bonds between the lauers

51
Q

How many electrons in graphite are delocalised?

A

One electron from each carbon atom is delocalised

52
Q

What is grapheme?

A

A single layer of graphite and has properties that make it useful in electronics and composites

53
Q

What are fullerenes?

A

They are molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes

54
Q

What is the structure of fullerene based on?

A

It’s based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms but they may also contain rings with 5 or 7 carbon atoms

55
Q

Who discovered the first fullerenes?

A

Buckminsterfullerene (c60) he discovered it has a spherical shape

56
Q

What are carbon nanotubes?

A

They are cylindrical fullerenes with very high length to diameter ratios

57
Q

What are carbon nanotubes useful for?

A

Nanotechnology,electronics,materials

58
Q

What are coarse part often referred to as?

A

Dust

59
Q

What are some applications of nano particles ?

A

Medicine electronics cosmetics sunscreen deodorant and as catalysts

chemistry (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions