C182 Flashcards by Hannah Jones

Which generation of computing is associated with microprocessors?
A. First
B. Second
C. Third
D. Fourth

D. Fourth

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Which computing generation is associated with the exclusive use of machine languages and punch cards?
A. First
B. Second
C. Third
D. Fourth

A. First

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Which computing generation is associated with the replacement of machine languages by assembly languages?
A. First
B. Second
C. Third
D. Fourth

B. Second

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Which computing generation is associated with the first use of thousands of integrated circuits on a single silicon chip?
A. Second
B. Third
C. Fourth
D. Fifth

C. Fourth

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Which generation of computing is known for the introduction of handheld devices?
A. Second
B. Third
C. Fourth
D. Fifth

C. Fourth

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What is the component of the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy that includes basic observations?
A. Information
B. Data
C. Wisdom
D. Knowledge

B. Data

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Based on the instructions on the package, a frozen pizza should be baked for 18 minutes at 400 degrees. Which term describes the statement, “The oven is at 350 degrees, nearing the needed temperature,” based on the DIKW hierarchy?
A. Wisdom
B. Knowledge
C. Information
D. Data

B. Knowledge

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There are 30 questions on a final exam. The exam will be given in room 126 at 2pm, and students will have one hour to complete it. What is the DIKW pyramid component exemplified by the value “2”?
A. Information
B. Knowledge
C. Wisdom
D. Data

D. Data

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There are 30 questions on a final exam. The exam will be given in room 126 at 2pm, and students have one hour to complete it. What is the DIKW pyramid component exemplified by the statement, “I have extra time, so I should review my answers.”
A. Wisdom
B. Information
C. Knowledge
D. Data

A. Wisdom

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A final exam has 30 questions, and students have one hour to complete it. The exam is scheduled for 2pm in room 126. Which term describes the statement, “It is 1:50pm, so I should head to room 126,” based on the DIKW hierarchy?
A. Information
B. Data
C. Knowledge
D. Wisdom

D. Wisdom

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A production machine runs from 8am to 5pm, outputting 1200 units per hour. Which component of the DIKW hierarchy is exemplified by the value “1200” in this scenario?
A. Wisdom
B. Information
C. Knowledge
D. Data

D. Data

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A production machine runs from 8am to 5pm, outputting 1200 units per hour. Which component of the DIKW hierarchy is exemplified by the statement, “The machine starts at 8am,” in this scenario?
A. Data
B. Wisdom
C. Knowledge
D. Information

D. Information

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How are information and knowledge different?
A. Knowledge is inferred, but information is not.
B. Knowledge emphasizes meaning, but information does not.
C. Knowledge is based on understanding principles, but information is not.
D. Knowledge involves understanding patterns, but information does not.

D. Knowledge involves understanding patterns, but information does not.

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Which statement represents a difference between wisdom and information, based on the data pyramid?
A. Wisdom gives meaning to data, but information does not.
B. Wisdom involves understanding principles, but information does not.
C. Wisdom involves understanding relations, but information does not.
D. Wisdom is based on observations, but information is not.

B. Wisdom involves understanding principles, but information does not.

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Which operating system is developed by Microsoft Inc.?
A. iOS
B. Windows
C. Linux
D. macOS

B. Windows

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Which operating system is used for many mobile devices?
A. Linux
B. iOS
C. macOS
D. Windows

B. iOS

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Which factor affects the choice of an operating system?
A. Coding language
B. Frequency of use
C. Driver compatibility
D. User interface

D. User interface

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Which component of an operating system uses scheduling to control access to shared resources?
A. User interface
B. Driver
C. Kernel
D. File manager

C. Kernel

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Which component of an operating system allows an individual to communicate with the operating system?
A. Kernel
B. User interface
C. Driver
D. File manager

B. User interface

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Which category of software is installed as a trial and can be upgraded for a fee?
A. Closed-source
B. Shareware
C. Public domain
D. Freeware

B. Shareware

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What is the purpose of word processing software?
A. Displaying audio, video, image, and text content
B. Creating workbooks that perform numerical calculations
C. Creating business reports and newsletters
D. Managing information and providing electronic filing

C. Creating business reports and newsletters.

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Which software provides private or shareable file management via the cloud?
A. Document storage
B. Video conferencing
C. Instant messaging
D. Online workplace

A. Document storage

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Which type of software provides the infrastructure needed to run other types of software?
A. Productivity
B. Shareware
C. Collaboration
D. System

D. System

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Which type of software is an application for creating blueprints and 3D renderings of buildings?
A. Specialized
B. Collaboration
C. System
D. Productivity

A. Specialized

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What is an example of computer hardware? A. Motherboard B. Kernel C. Operating system D. User interface

A. Motherboard

Which hardware component includes registers, a logic component, and an arithmetic component? A. Random-access memory (RAM) B. Read-only memory (ROM) C. Central processing unit (CPU) D. Graphics processing unit (GPU)

C. Central processing unit (CPU)

What is the hardware component that contains the circuitry for coordinating computing activity? A. Read only memory (ROM) B. Random access memory (RAM) C. Central processing unit (CPU) D. Graphics processing unit (GPU)

C. Central processing unit (CPU)

Which hardware component stores data and instructions while they are being used? A. Central processing unit (CPU) B. Graphics processing unit (GPU) C. Random access memory (RAM) D. Read only memory (ROM)

C. Random access memory (RAM)

Which hardware component is specifically used for 3D rendering? A. Random access memory (RAM) B. Central processing unit (CPU) C. Graphics processing unit (GPU) D. Read only memory (ROM)

C. Graphics processing unit (GPU)

Which part of a computer system contains the instructions for initializing various computer components? A. Random access memory (RAM) B. Graphics processing unit (GPU) C. Central processing unit (CPU) D. Read only memory (ROM)

D. Read only memory (ROM)

Which component is an example of hardware? A. User interface B. Kernel C. Compiler D. Graphics card

D. Graphics card

Which component is part of the system unit? A. Keyboard B. Power supply C. Printer D. Microphone

B. Power supply

What characterizes a ring network topology? A. Devices being connected to a common communication line B. All devices being connected to a single central device C. Every device being connected to exactly two other devices D. Every device being connected to every other device

C. Every device being connected to exactly two other devices.

What is the name of a network that consists of a collection of computers in a single building or building complex? A. Extended area network (EAN) B. Local area network (LAN) C. Wide area network (WAN) D. Personal area network (PAN)

B. local area network (LAN)

Which networking technology converts incoming analog data into digital and outgoing digital data into analog? A. Router B. Server C. Firewall D. Modem

D. Modem

What is the name of the networking technology that reduces network traffic on a local area network by management of network messages? A. Server B. Firewall C. Repeater D. Switch

D. Switch

What describes a firewall? A. Monitors traffic on the network and blocks it if it triggers safety rules. B. Serves as a connection between the customer network and the internet service provider. C. Provides services, such as website hosting and routing, for various devices. D. Extends the cable range and allows connections to be made by increasing the signal strength.

A. Monitors traffic on the network and blocks it if it triggers safety rules.

Which wired transmission medium is able to transmit the largest volumes of data when compared with other cables? A. Fiber optic cables B. Unshielded twisted pair cable C. Shielded twisted pair cable D. Coaxial cable

A. Fiber optic cable

What does a compiler do? A. Stores and manages data and develops data-driven reports B. Manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. C. Converts instructions one statement at a time when the program is run D. Translates source code into machine language

D. Translates source code into machine language.

What does an interpreter do? A. Stores and manages data and develops data-driven reports. B. Manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. C. Converts instructions one statement at a time when the program is run. D. Translates source code into machine language.

C. Converts instructions one statement at a time when the program is run.

What is the appropriate categorization of Visual Basic .NET as a programming language? A. Compiled B. Assembly C. Machine D. Interpreted

A. Compiled

What type of language is Java? A. Compiled B. Machine C. Assembly D. Interpreted

C. Compiled

A programmer is working with Python. Which type of language is this? A. Machine B. Compiled C. Assembly D. Interpreted

D. Interpreted

Which term describes the JavaScript computer coding language? A. Assembly B. Interpreted C. Compiled D. Machine

B. Interpeted

Based on an analysis of a company's needs, a database should be installed so that each line of a simple, delimited text document holds exactly one record. What is the name of the database that satisfies this need? A. Object-oriented B. NoSQL C. Relational D. Flat-file

D. Flat-file

The leader of an IT department has decided to use a database in which access to the data is restricted to the paths in the trees and is, therefore, predictable. Which type of database is described? A. Cloud B. NoSQL C. Hierarchical D. Relational

C. Hierarchical

The leader of an IT department has decided to use a database in which data is stored in a variety of tables that can be joined together in logical ways. Which type of database is described? A. Relational B. Flat-file C. Distributed D. NoSQL

A. Relational

Based on an analysis of a company's needs, a database should be installed so that records are stored in structures consisting of data and methods. What is the name of the database that satisfies this need? A. NoSQL B. Object-oriented C. Flat-file D. Distributed

B. Object-oriented

An IT department employee is identifying the integer data in a system. What is one example of this type of data? A. The street name as part of an address. B. The year in which a major event happened. C. Whether a number is positive or not D. A single keystroke from a standard keyboard

B. The year in which a major event happened.

An IT department employee is identifying the floating point data in a system. What is one example of this type of data? A. The number of baseball games in a season B. The last name of a newly hired employee C. An approximation of the number pie as 3.14159 D. The first letter of a person's name

C. An approximation of the number pie as 3.14159

A developer is creating an application and needs a variable to store the scientific name of a tree species. Which data should be used for this purpose? A. Character B. Integer C. Boolean D. Character string

D. Character string

A programmer needs to create a variable that holds an indication of whether a file does or does not have an error in it. What is the name of the data type that should be used? A. Character string B. Integer C. Boolean D. Character

C. Boolean

A database variable needs to be restricted to only accept several alphanumeric characters. What is the name of the appropriate data type? A. Character B. Character string C. Integer D. Floating point

B. Character string

A developer is updating the application layer of a database application. What does this layer of the database application do? A. It organizes data in a tree structure B. It communicates with the end user and can be fairly complex C. It stores information or data in a plain text file. D. It alters the database after receiving a request.

B. It communicates with the end user and can be fairly complex.

What is the phase of the project management life cycle that includes the development of a project charter? A. Planning B. Execution C. Closure D. Initiation

D. Initiation

What is the phase of the project management life cycle that includes the development of the work breakdown structure (WBS)? A. Execution B. Planning C. Closure D. Initiation

B. Planning

What is one of the three broad categories of risks that a project may encounter? A. Risks of dependencies B. Risks of the unknown C. Risks in planning D. Risks of disagreement

B. Risks of the unknown

Which category represents one of the three broad types of risks that a project may encounter? A. Risks of disagreement B. Risks in planning C. Risks of dependencies D. Risks in integration

D. Risks in integration

How can uptime be improved? A. By increasing the time between system maintenance events B. By increasing the time between system backups C. By increasing the speed of information system startup processes. D. By increasing the amount of time that resources are available for use.

D. By increasing the amount of time that resources are available for use.

What is a priority of business continuity? A. Rapid system development B. High availability of resources C. High on-sight redundancy D. Frequent preventative maintenance

B. High availability of resources

Which purpose does business continuity planning have? A. Quickening the duration of the system development life cycle B. Outlining a regular schedule for preventative maintenance C. Identifying priorities when primary systems are not fully operational D. Eliminating downtime for nonessential system services

C. Identifying priorities when primary systems are not fully operational.

Which component is an important strategy of business continuity? A. Data backups B. Service variety C. Parallel processing D. User authentication

A. Data backups

What is the component of disaster recovery that is characterized by writing copies of data on several devices simultaneously? A. IT governance B. Requirement analysis C. Data mirroring D. Off-site storage

C. Data mirroring

Which physical location offers an ideal place for storage that needs to be off-site? A. Cold climates B. Coastlands C. Warm climates D. Caves

D. Caves

Which factor is a primary criterion for assessing off-site storage possibilities? A. Capacity B. Redundancy C. Device media D. Accessibility

D. Accessibility

Which type of storage typically uses innovative equipment? A. Hot B. Cold C. Off-site D. On-site

A. Hot

What is a professional organization that publishes a set of ethical IT guidelines? A. Association of Information Technology Professionals (AITP) B. National Security Agency (NSA) C. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) D. Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS)

A. Association of Information Technology Professionals (AITP)

What is one example of a professional organization in the IT industry? A. Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS) B. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) C. National Security Agency (NSA) D. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)

D. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)

What is one of the goals of IT professional organizations? A. Brokering international trade agreements B. Coordinating data exchange policies between states C. Raising public awareness D. Producing government regulations

C. Raising public awareness

Which entity helps other organizations design and apply appropriate approaches to personal data collection, use, and disclosure? A. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) B. National Security Agency (NSA) C. Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) D. International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP)

D. International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP)

Which software do people use to complete daily tasks?

Productivity software

What type of language is Java?

Compiled

What type of language is Visual Basic .NET?

Compiled

What type of language is GO/GOLANG?

Compiled

What type of language is Java C++/C/C#?

Compiled

What translates and executes source code into machine language one line at a time?

Interpreter

What checks source code for errors before translation?

Compiler

What software performs tasks for specific purposes?

Specialized software

What software helps people communicate and work with one another, and helps computers share information?

Collaboration software

What type of language is Python?

Interpreted

What type of language is Perl?

Interpreted

What type of language is JavaScript?

Interpreted

What type of language is TCL and PHP?

Interpreted

Which topology keeps machines connected to a common communication line?

The bus topology network

Which topology has a single machine serving as a central point to which all others are connected?

Star topology network

Which topology connects directly to each other as a peer?

Ring topology network

This topology connects every device in a network to every other device enabling redundancy while also introducing significantly more network traffic.

Mesh topology network

This cable is a shielded and insulated copper cable that is used in computer networks and to deliver cable TV services.

Coaxial cables

Which cables are the most widely used type of transmission media?

(Un)Twisted pair cables

These cables are able to transmit large volumes of data by using the concept of reflective light through a glass or plastic core.

Fiber optic cables

What supports distances of 300 feet?

Wifi

What supports distances shorter than 30 feet?

Bluetooth

A type of general-purpose software that is used to operate computer hardware by providing a platform to run application software.

System software

What are the three most common operating systems for personal computers?

Windows macOS Linux

Software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs

Operating system

Specific purpose software used to perform a specific task

Application software

The internal part of an operating system, contains operating system components that perform the basic functions required by computer installation

The Kernel

Extends the capabilities of an operating system, helps customize the operating system’s function.

Utility software

Allows end users to communicate with the operating system

The user interface

What are 3 broad categories of risks a project may encounter?

Risks in execution Risks in integration Risks of the unknown

This includes developing a road map that everyone follows, setting goals, SMART/CLEAR frameworks. Drafting a management plan.

Project planning

This broadly defines the project, usually begins with a business case, followed by a feasibility study. Results in a project charter or project initiation document, outlining business needs, stakeholders and the business case.

Project initiation

The project is declared complete and the team is dissolved

Project closure

Occurs when deliverables are developed and completed. Performance is constantly observed during this stage.

Project execution.

What software do people use to complete daily tasks?

Productivity software

What software performs tasks for specific purposes?

Specialized software

What software helps people communicate and work with one another, and helps computers share information?

Collaboration software

C182 Flashcards

(107 cards)