Training and Development Flashcards

1
Q

If a painter is commissioned by a business to complete a work to go in the training room of their building, the copyright is owned by:
A. The business
B. Equal ownership over the copyright
C. The painter

A

A. The business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A copyright lasts for the life of the author, plus __ years.
A. 73
B. 75
C. 70
D. 68

A

C. 70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Allows the use of copyrighted works under certain conditions:
A. Work-made-for-hire
B. Copyright act
C. “Acceptable conditions” exclusion
D. “Fair use” provision

A

D. “Fair use” provision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ______ brought employment practices under the jurisdiction of the courts.
A. Civil Rights Act of 1875
B. Civil Rights Act of 1968
C. Bill of Rights
D. Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

D. Civil Rights Act of 1964

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Title VII prohibits discrimination in employment practices on the basis of:
A. Race, color, national origin, religion, sex, and disability.
B. Race, color, national origin, age, and sex
C. Race, color, national origin, religion, and sex
D. Race, color, national origin, sex, and disability

A

C. Race, color, national origin, religion, and sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967 prohibits discrimination in employment against persons age:
A. 50 and over
B. 55 and over
C. 40 and over
D. 60 and over

A

C. 40 and over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do some global companies hire people to fill a position that they are not qualified for?
A. Global companies struggle to find and keep good talent. Hiring unqualified candidates creates a need for training that will improve the employees’ capabilities.
B. Simply because there is a short supply of qualified employees for global companies, whereas there are many qualified employees for domestic companies.
C. The market is more competitive at a global level; therefore, companies hire underqualified candidates they see potential in with the hopes they will one day meet the company’s expectations.
D. Global employees are usually more expensive, so global companies tend to hire underqualified candidates they can get for a more affordable price.

A

A. Global companies struggle to find and keep good talent. Hiring unqualified candidates creates a need for training that will improve the employees’ capabilities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Believing that how things are done in the US is the best, or the only, way is an example of:
A. Multiculturalism
B. Ethnocentrism
C. Xenocentrism
D. Cultural relativism

A

B. Ethnocentrism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the following is an example of a critical implication of globalization for the management of human resources:
A. Terrorism, safety, and security
B. Offshoring
C. Employee development
D. All are examples

A

D. All are examples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hofstede’s categories about the major differences between country cultures are:
A. Power distance, linguistic barrier, individualism/collectivism, and masculinity/femininity
B. Power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and masculinity/femininity
C. Power distance, linguistic barrier, cultural variance, and individualism/collectivism.
D. Uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity, and cultural variance

A

B. Power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and masculinity/femininity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

One of the top reasons employees stay with an organization:
A. Find their work rewarding
B. Opportunities for career growth
C. Take pride in their company and their product
D. Pay and benefits

A

B. Opportunities for career growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The term “employment security” means:
A. The guarantee of being able to be employed whether with an existing company or another
B. Employee skills will be kept current so that if they are fired, their job skills will be marketable
C. The same thing as job security
D. The likelihood that an employee will be able to keep their employment for a long time

A

B. Employee skills will be kept current so that if they are fired, their job skills will be marketable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The four competency stages are:
A. Acquiring, applying, mastering, and influencing
B. Acquiring, applying, commanding, and influencing
C. Developing, implementing, mastering, and persuading
D. Acquiring, implementing, ruling, and persuading.

A

A. Acquiring, applying, mastering, and influencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Under what competency stage is an HR professional who represents the organization to individuals, groups and institutions, inside and outside the organization?
A. Mastering
B. Acquiring
C. Applying
D. Influencing

A

D. Influencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What role do top performing leaders play in an organization’s training and development programs?
A. Top performing leaders are usually the ones who conduct the training
B. An organization’s top performers determine what needs to be taught
C. The traits that make them top performers are usually what training is designed around
D. All of the above

A

C. The traits that make them top performers are usually what training is designed around.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Line managers are the best source of _____
I. Technical information about job requirements
II. Information about which employees need training
III. Information on how to train each type of employee
A. I and II
B. II
C. I
D. I, II, and III

A

A. I and II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the role of a “CLO” or a “CKO”?
A. Conduct training and development programs that are specifically designed for top management positions in the company, like the CEO, CFO, COO, etc.
B. Develop training and development processes that align with the organizations long-term needs
C. Conduct post-training evaluations to determine what training programs have either worked effectively or not
D. Training director in charge of all training and development within an organization

A

B. Develop training and development processes that align with the organizations long-term needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Training adds value to a company when it links __ to ___.
A. Department goals; organizational goals
B. HR management; training and learning goals
C. HR management; line management
D. Training and learning goals; organizational goals

A

D. Training and learning goals; organizational goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

All of the following reasons explain why a needs analysis is not conducted EXCEPT:
A. Consume time and resources
B. Training fads and demands from senior management sometime dominate
C. Isn’t always necessary to conduct effective training
D. Difficult to summarize findings into objective data

A

C. Isn’t always necessary to conduct effective training.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True/False
If the skills needed for a job are adequate, expectations for job performance are clear, and motivation is present, there should be no reason for training.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The type of training program that is designed for future concerns:
A. Developmental training
B. Future training
C. Gap training
D. Precautionary training

A

A. Developmental training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Most training programs are designed to address:
A. Current problems in performance
B. Solutions for future issues that may occur
C. Past problems that have occurred.
D. All of the above

A

A. Current problems in performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A common reason many training programs don’t produce results is because:
A. Trainers are more interested in conducting the program itself than in first assessing the needs of their organization and the workers.
B. Trainers do not properly perform a needs assessment which prevents them from conducting the most needed training for that organization.
C. After conducting a needs assessment, trainers then fail to design the training program the way it needs to be in order to address the needs found in the assessment.
D. All of the above.

A

A. Trainers are more interested in conducting the program itself than in first assessing the needs of their organization and the workers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

It is important to consider the support of _____ for training programs.
A. Employees
B. Management
C. Peers of potential trainees.
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

True/False
If peers’ attitudes and behaviors are not supportive of training in general or of a specific training program in particular, employees are not likely to take their participation in such programs seriously.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When it comes to training programs, when employees do not ____, there is no ____, which means there is no impact for the training program on organizational effectiveness.
A. Learn; transfer
B. Attend; training
C. Benefit; change
D. Participate; learning

A

A. Learn; transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Each of the following is a method of needs assessment EXCEPT:
A. Online technology
B. Benchmarking
C. Focus groups
D. Questionnaires

A

B. Benchmarking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the best method of needs assessment?
A. Focus groups
B. Observation
C. Online technology
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The more ____ the scope of needs assessment is, the more valid it is going to be.
A. Broad
B. In depth
C. Narrow
D. Focused

A

A. Broad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

When benchmarking, you try to identify ____ of another organization.
A. Common business strategies
B. Best practices
C. Areas for improvement
D. All of the above

A

B. Best practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Once the preliminary list of tasks is developed and confirmed, the next step in the task analysis process is to:
A. Develop a portion of the training that focuses on each task
B. Create another list that ranks the tasks from most crucial to least
C. Determine the importance, frequency, and difficulty of each task
D. Develop a list of KSAO’s needed for each task.

A

C. Determine the importance, frequency, and difficulty of each task.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

All of the following are methods used to determine the KSAO’s for a particular task EXCEPT
A. Questionnaire
B. Observation
C. Interviewing supervisors
D. Interviewing job incumbents

A

B. Observation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Since KSAO’s may not be directly observable, we must see them as
A. Hypotheses
B. Objective
C. Biased
D. Subjective

A

A. Hypotheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

In order to develop a top-notch training program, you first must
A. Understand how people learn
B. Conduct a needs assessment
C. Have a need for improvement
D. Conduct an organization analysis

A

A. Understand how people learn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Human behavior is rooted in habit and
A. Tradition
B. Perceptions
C. Expected outcomes
D. Prior experience

A

D. Prior experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Only ___ percent of organizations (with more than 1,000 employees) use needs assessment before using a training program.
A. 27
B. 11
C. 6
D. 17

A

A. 27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

True/False
If an employee has the requisite skills and knowledge to accomplish their work, but management fails to make performance expectations clear through goal setting or some other means, these performance deficiencies can be corrected through training.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Needs assessment deals with which step in the ADDIE model?
A. 2
B. 1
C. 5
D. 3

A

B. 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Since the learning objectives should contain a standard of performance against which to measure performance, learning objectives should be:
A. Specific and realistic
B. Measurable and attainable
C. Realistic and attainable
D. Specific and measurable

A

D. Specific and measurable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Since the training should stretch the attendees, but still be reasonable, the learning objective should be:
A. Attainable and realistic
B. Specific and attainable
C. Attainable and measurable
D. Realistic and timely

A

A. Attainable and realistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

SMART is used to:
A. Write good goal statements
B. Develop training exercises
C. Establish the training agenda
D. All of the above

A

A. Write good goal statements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

When training begins with simple tasks that can be mastered easily, then progress to more complex learning as trainees gain confidence, it is an example of what kind of learning concept?
A. Reinforcement
B. Self-efficacy
C. Transfer
D. Retention

A

B. Self-efficacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Behavior that is reinforced tends to be:
A. Accelerated
B. Inadequate
C. Remembered
D. Repeated

A

D. Repeated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

According to the learning concept “shaping behavior,” if a certain task needs to be learned:
A. It must be reinforced by positive behavior
B. It can be broken into small component behaviors
C. Only certain behavior can be used to learn that task
D. All of the above

A

B. It can be broken into small component behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

True/False
It is necessary to experience rewards and punishments yourself to learn new behaviors

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

The more ____ the material, the more readily it is retained.
A. Developed
B. Meaningful
C. Understandable
D. Applicable

A

B. Meaningful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Transfer of learned material back to the job happens when the training conditions are ____ to those at the work site.
A. Easier
B. Harder
C. Similar
D. Identical

A

D. Identical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Is good at decisiveness, practical application of ideas, and hypothetical deductive reasoning:
A. Accommodator
B. Converger
C. Diverger
D. Assimilator

A

B. Converger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Which of the following are the dominant learning approaches of a diverger:
I. Abstract conceptualization
II. Concrete experience
III. Reflective observation
IV. Active experimentation

A. III and IV
B. II and IV
C. I and III
D. II and III

A

D. II and III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Accommodator:
A. Is good at implementing decisions, carrying out plans, and getting involved in new experiences
B. Tends to be less concerned with people than with ideas and abstract concepts
C. Prefers dealing with technical tasks rather than interpersonal issues
D. Tends to be interested in people, culture, and arts

A

A. Is good at implementing decisions, carrying out plans, and getting involved in new experiences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

An Assimilator:
A. Tends to be at ease with people but may be seen as impatient or pushy
B. Is good at generating ideas, seeing a situation from multiple perspectives, and being aware of meaning and value
C. Is good at decisiveness, practical application of ideas, and hypothetical deductive reasoning.
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Unlike the dependency of children, adults have formed a self-concept and a psychological need to be self-directing, therefore the role of the teacher is to:
A. Coach the trainees along the process of learning
B. Provide real-world experiences for the trainees to gain hands-on experience
C. Teach by example, then have the trainees demonstrate
D. Participate with the learner in a process of mutual inquiry.

A

D. Participate with the learner in a process of mutual inquiry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

A type of learning that involves understanding the big picture first, and then introducing smaller pieces to fit together is known as:
A. Puzzle learning
B. Structured learning
C. Overlearning
D. Whole learning

A

D. Whole learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

True/False
Motivation is frequently influenced by the physical space in which the training takes place.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

The core design of any training program is to:
A. Accomplish organizational goals
B. Alter work behavior
C. Improve current results
D. Develop better performing employees

A

B. Alter work behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

The key question to ask in the design of a training program is:
A. What should the trainee be able to do upon completion of the program?
B. How is this training going to increase revenue?
C. What employee behaviors do we want to alter?
D. What is the application of this training?

A

A. What should the trainee be able to do upon completion of the program?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

All of the following are principles for the design of training for adult learners EXCEPT:
A. Need to be self-directed in their learning
B. Need to know the “why”
C. Training needs to be behaviorally based, focused on ways of “Gestalt” learning
D. Enter the training with a problem-centered approach to learning and seek immediate application.

A

C. Training needs to be behaviorally based, focused on ways of “Gestalt” learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

_____ research is very useful in thinking about training program design.
A. Pedagogical
B. Gestalt
C. Developmental
D. Behavioral

A

A. Pedagogical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What type of training might be useful for young management?
A. Mentoring
B. Job rotation
C. Apprenticeships
D. Systematic observation

A

B. Job rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What training is most effective for learning complex sets of rules or procedures?
A. Correspondence courses
B. Computer-assisted instruction
C. Web-based instruction
D. Programmed instruction

A

D. Programmed instruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What is one problem with on-the-job training?
A. Require additional space, and equipment
B. Expensive
C. Little quality control
D. Least productive training

A

C. Little quality control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

One main advantage to simulation and structured exercises is:
A. It is more cost efficient compared to other training methods
B. Provides the most “real world” experience a trainee can get
C. The trainer has full control over the development of the trainee
D. Trainees can make mistakes without the negative repercussion

A

D. Trainees can make mistakes without the negative repercussion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

At what group size should group discussions have a structured mechanism to assure everyone participates?
A. Over 7
B. Under 5
C. About 6
D. At least 9

A

C. About 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Tell, show, demonstrate, and ask questions are all part of which step in the on-the-job process?
A. Perform follow-up
B. Present the information
C. Prepare the learners
D. Have trainee practice

A

B. Present the information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

“Off the shelf” programs from external training organizations particularly benefit:
A. Those who are looking for “proved” methods of training
B. Organizations that need a large number of employees trained in a short period of time
C. Organizations that don’t have the resources to put together their own training program
D. Smaller businesses that don’t have enough employees where tailored training is needed as much as a bigger organization would need.

A

B. Organizations that need a large number of employees trained in a short period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What is a part of the on-the-job process step “prepare the learners”?
A. Get them interested in the learning
B. Put trainees on their own for a while
C. Ask questions
D. Make sure they know each point

A

A. Get them interested in learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

True/False
Knowing the material well and being a subject matter expert makes someone a good trainer.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

True/False
Outdoor management training requires the visible and active support of top management to be successful.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Culture buy-in trainings primary purpose is:
A. To communicate to the employees that the company is going to be involved with another company from a different culture and help them understand the changes and differences they might see.
B. To communicate to participants that the organization is undergoing a fundamental and radical change in corporate culture.
C. To help participants adapt to current or future changes that might be happening to the culture of the company.
D. To educate current employees on the diversity of the different cultures amongst the employees.

A

B. To communicate to participants that the organization is undergoing a fundamental and radical change in corporate culture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Although practical, on-the-job training has very little___
A. Willing participants
B. Quality control
C. Success
D. Noticeable results

A

B. Quality control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Action learning appeals to the ___
A. Visual learner
B. Auditory learner
C. Kinesthetic learner
D. Extreme learner

A

C. Kinesthetic learner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

E-learning disadvantages include:
I. Inflexible scheduling
II. Expensive if large amounts of people are involved
III. High dropout rates
IV. Security concerns.

A. I, II, III, and IV
B. I and III
C. I, II, and III
D. III and IV

A

D. III and IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Which step in the training process includes mastery evaluation?
A. Present the information
B. Perform follow-up
C. Prepare the learners
D. Have trainee practice

A

D. Have trainee practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

If you want your trainer to get more familiar with training, a ____ program might be necessary.
A. Train the trainer
B. Subject matter expert
C. Pilot
D. Controlled environment

A

A. Train the trainer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

In the 1970’s, training and development had a ____ role, and it wasn’t until the 2010’s it had a ____ role.
A. Passive; partner
B. Partner; pioneer
C. Pioneer; protagonist
D. Passive; protagonist

A

D. Passive; protagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

After you have done all of the initial steps and then considered the different ways of maximizing a trainee’s learning, you then must _____.
A. Perform a needs assessment
B. Select the trainees
C. Develop a plan for what is expected to come from the training
D. Determine the specific training method

A

D. Determine the specific trianing method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Programmed instruction, web-based instruction, and teleconference are all forms of:
A. Simulation
B. Information presentation
C. On-the-job training
D. All of the above

A

B. Information presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

If a training program emphasizes that general principles might be applied to a greater set of contexts than those presented in the training, ____ transfer is likely to occur.
A. Negative
B. Far
C. Near
D. Positive

A

B. Far

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What are the two types of positive transfer?
I. Successful
II. Near
III. Implemented
IV. Far

A. II and IV
B. I and II
C. III and IV
D. II and III

A

A. II and IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

If after a two day training trainees’ return to their work and after a while no apparent change has occurred, a _____ transfer occurred.
A. Positive
B. Faulty
C. Negative
D. Zero

A

D. Zero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

If a company generally has low organizational commitment and high cynicism about change, what is the best strategy to take for training?
A. Identify outliers in the organization to first participate in the training
B. Select those who have the most impact on others in the company to take the training first.
C. The best strategy would be to fix the problem before developing any training programs.
D. First develop a training about organizational commitment and organizational change.

A

A. identify outliers in the organization to first participate in the training.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Pre-training motivation to learn is most affected by:
I. Reputation of the training
II. Meaningful pre-work
III. Inherent intrinsic satisfaction from learning
IV. Organizational commitment

A. I, II, and III
B. II and III
C. II, III, and IV
D. I, III, and IV

A

D. I, III, and IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

The “theory of identical elements” is that:
A. Learning occurs best when what is being taught in training is being taught in the exact same environment to where the trainees must perform their job.
B. Learning occurs best when what is being taught in training is identical to what the trainee must perform on the job.
C. Transfer occurs best when what is being learned in training is identical to what the trainee must perform on the job.
D. Transfer occurs best when what is being learned in training is being taught in the exact same environment to where the trainee must perform their job.

A

C. Transfer occurs best when what is being learned in training is identical to what the trainee must perform on the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

The learning environment has complete ____ with the work environment.
A. Fealty
B. Consistency
C. Fidelity
D. Correspondence

A

C. Fidelity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

If the training revolves around factual learning, it is a good idea to precede the introduction with:
A. Questions
B. Facts
C. An example
D. Case studies

A

A. Questions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

When are adult learners most receptive to training programs?
A. When they believe that the training will apply to their work
B. When there is less information being taught and more skills being developed
C. When the training has been proved to be beneficial
D. When the applicability to their lives is direct and obvious.

A

D. When the applicability to their lives is direct and obvious.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

True/False
Negative transfer is facilitated when trainees feel the trainer doesn’t fully understand their situations and job challenges and how they feel about their work. This is most likely to happen when the trainer is from inside the organization.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Activity level indicates:
A. How many of the trained skills trainees get to use on the job.
B. The amount of application trained skills have on the job.
C. The level of challenge represented in the application of learnings on the job.
D. The number of repetitions trainees get back on the job

A

D. The number of repetitions trainees get back on the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

The level of challenge represented in the application of learning on the job is called:
A. Breadth
B. Activity level
C. EPSS
D. Task type

A

D. Task type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

What two things must trainees do for effective transfer?
A. Practice and overcome
B. Apply and maintain
C. Reinforce and practice
D. Repeat and apply

A

B. Apply and maintain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

True/False
In order to maintain effective transfer, “relapse prevention” training was formed, which was modeled after the approaches used in the rehabilitation of those with drug and alcohol addictions.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Transfer of training means:
A. Effectively and continually applying what they learned in training back on the job.
B. Effectively applying what they learned in training to their personal life.
C. Being able to train other employees on what has been learned.
D. Being able to learn from different kinds of training.

A

A. Effectively and continually applying what they learned in training back on the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Transfer deals with which part(s) of the ADDIE model?
I. Assessment
II. Design
III. Development
IV. Implementation
V. Evaluation

A. I, II, and IV
B. I and II
C. I and V
D. II

A

B. I and II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

If a training program encourages trainees to focus only on important differences between training tasks and work tasks, it is trying to accomplish _____.
A. Self-efficacy
B. Near transfer
C. Self-regulation
D. Positive transfer

A

B. Near transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

According to the model of training transfer, what is directly related to training transfer?
I. Training design
II. Work environment
III. Trainee characteristics

A. I and III
B. I, II, and III
C. III
D. II and III

A

D. II and III

96
Q

Traits, abilities and motivation are sub-groups of ____.
A. Training design
B. Work environment
C. Trainee characteristics
D. Learning retention

A

C. Trainee characteristics

97
Q

True/False
If the goal is near transfer, practice should take place in a variety of different places, and if the goal is far transfer, practice should take place in a setting that is similar to the trainees’ work environment.

A

False.

98
Q

Which criteria is the most important, but also the most difficult to measure?
A. Results
B. Behavior
C. Reaction
D. Learning

A

A. Results

99
Q

What is the most common type of evaluation measure?
A. Reaction
B. Results
C. Learning
D. Behavior

A

A. Reaction

100
Q

Levels of learning are often identified as:
A. Comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation
B. Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation
C. Comprehension, implementation, determination, synthesis, and results.
D. Knowledge, understanding, implementation, analysis, synthesis, and results.

A

B. Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.

101
Q

Reaction and learning measures are called _____ evaluation.
A. Synthesis
B. Analysis
C. Application
D. Internal

A

D. Internal

102
Q

True/False
The four training evaluation criteria are all considered independent from each other.

A

False

103
Q

What is the weakness of quasi-experimental designs?
A. Difficult to draw conclusion from
B. Provide poor control
C. Control group is not included
D. Not randomly assigned trainees

A

D. Not randomly assigned trainees

104
Q

The time series design is ____ than pre-experimental designs.
A. More difficult
B. Better
C. Less impactful
D. Longer

A

B. Better

105
Q

Randomization:
A. Eliminates unnecessary bias
B. Creates a more even trainee class
C. Eliminates most of the threats to the validity of conclusions
D. All of the above

A

C. Eliminates most of the threats to the validity of conclusions

106
Q

True/False
Randomization eliminates the need for pretests

A

True

107
Q

In many situations, the best experimental design is:
A. Time series
B. Posttest only control group
C. Pretest-posttest control group
D. Nonequivalent control group

A

B. Posttest only control group

108
Q

Nonequivalent control group and time series are examples of what experimental design?
A. Quasi-experimental
B. Experimental
C. Pre-experimental
D. Pretest-posttest

A

A. Quasi-experimental

109
Q

Single group posttest only is an example of what experimental design?
A. Pre-experimental
B. Experimental
C. Nonequivalent
D. Quasi-experimental

A

A. Pre-experimental

110
Q

Organizations that select trainees based off of scheduling or based off of the specific individuals who they want to go through training will most likely need to use what kind of experimental design?
A. Experimental
B. Quasi-experimental
C. Pre-experimental
D. All of the above

A

B. Quasi-experimental

111
Q

Which of the following is an example of an experimental design?
A. Posttest only control group with random assignment
B. Single group pretest-posttest
C. Nonequivalent control group
D. Time series

A

A. Posttest only control group with random assignment

112
Q

In the IPCO case, reaction measures were taken ____.
A. Two months later
B. Immediately after
C. Three years later
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

113
Q

When using self-assessments with regards to behavior change, always:
A. Be skeptical about what is being reported
B. Get a confirmation about the assessment from the supervisor
C. Ask them to provide examples
D. Assume they are biased

A

A. Be skeptical about what is being reported

114
Q

Which of the following successes can solely be attributed to the IPCO training?
A. Sick leave usage declined after training
B. Total Quality Management improved
C. IPCO was awarded the DoD Center of Excellence award
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

115
Q

_______ involves the systematic collection of data and information necessary to make effective decisions related to the selection, adoption, value, and modification of training activities.
A. Training design
B. Trainee selection
C. Evaluation
D. Needs assessment

A

C. Evaluation

116
Q

Which level of evaluation attempts to measure changes in behavior back on the job?
A. Level 2
B. Level 1
C. Level 3
D. Level 4

A

C. Level 3

117
Q

Self-serving bias is:
A. When a trainee overstates how much they have transferred their learning
B. When a trainee tries to make themselves look better
C. A type of bias trainers have in the selection of trainees
D. Trainers training biased material to make themselves look better

A

A. When a trainee overstates how much they have transferred their learning.

118
Q

What is the main task of the training evaluation?
A. Determine how effectively the trainees learned and transferred their newly learned behaviors, knowledge, skills, or attitudes
B. Evaluate the level of work trainees are doing compared to the work they were doing before the training took place.
C. Determine if a change took place and demonstrate that the changes were caused by the training program.
D. All of the above

A

C. Determine if a change took place and demonstrate that the changes were caused by the training program.

119
Q

Only about ____ in 40 companies make an attempt to evaluate their training programs.
A. 15
B. 10
C. 1
D. 5

A

C. 1

120
Q

True/False
Evaluation should follow the most rigorous experimental design possible.

A

True

121
Q

Evaluation should be planned at the same time as the training program and should be closely tied to the ____ objectives established for the program.
A. Behavioral
B. Transfer
C. Business
D. Skills

A

A. Behavioral

122
Q

When conducting an evaluation it is best to use ____ type(s) of criteria.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

123
Q

There are generally four categories of criteria to use when evaluating training programs, two _____ and two ______.
A. Internal; external
B. Developmental; environmental
C. Behavioral; environmental
D. Behavioral; cognitive

A

A. Internal; external

124
Q

The four categories of criteria used for evaluation are:
A. Behavior, support, transfer, and results
B. Motivation, support, knowledge, and behavior
C. Transfer, self-efficacy, support, and environment
D. Reaction, learning, behavior, and results.

A

D. Reaction, learning, behavior, and results.

125
Q

Asking the question, “What did the participants think and feel about the training program?” is an example of ____ criteria.
A. Reaction
B. Behavior
C. Results
D. Learning

A

A. Reaction

126
Q

Paper and pencil test, role plays, and work samples can all be used for what criteria in training evaluation?
A. Reaction
B. Results
C. Learning
D. Behavior

A

C. Learning

127
Q

Peers, subordinates, customers, and others in addition to the direct supervisor can be canvassed to determine ____ criteria.
A. Results
B. Learning
C. Reaction
D. Behavior

A

D. Behavior

128
Q

What is the challenge with using criteria for determining a measurement of change?
A. Knowing the validity of measurement
B. Determining whether or not the change came from the training or another source
C. Determining which measurement to use.
D. All of the above

A

B. Determining whether or not the change came from the training or another source.

129
Q

The principles of experimental design allow the training evaluation to be conducted in such a way as to help rule out ____ explanations for any observed improvements in learning.
A. Similar
B. Opposing
C. Alternative
D. Random

A

C. Alternative

130
Q

What is a mistake most organizations make with their training programs?
I. Send participants through a training program with no pretest
II. Send participants through a training program that are not in need of training
III. Send participants through a training program with no comparison group against to measure progression.

A. I, II, and III
B. I and III
C. III
D. II and III

A

B. I and III

131
Q

True/False
It is impossible to draw any conclusions about the effects of training unless organizations send a selected group of participants through a training program with a pretest and with a comparison group against which to measure progress on the criteria.

A

True

132
Q

____ designs provide better control than ____ designs.
A. Quasi-experimental; pre-experimental
B. Pre-experimental; quasi-experimental
C. Single-group posttest; multi-group posttest
D. Multi-group posttest; single-group posttest

A

A. Quasi-experimental; pre-experimental

133
Q

What was the purpose of the training IPCO did in the 1990’s?
A. Communicate the new vision for the company
B. Create commitment for the new vision
C. Build the organization into a high-performing team
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

134
Q

The triangular partnership was used:
A. To encourage team commitment and unity
B. As a buddy system so no individual was left alone while performing a task
C. To illustrate the importance of communication and feedback in performing a difficult task
D. In a group of three where there would constantly be one who was placed in charge and took responsibility for the group.

A

C. To illustrate the importance of communication and feedback in performing a difficult task.

135
Q

According to the training evaluation model for IPCO:
A. Reactions directly influence results
B. Attitudes directly influence reults
C. Supportive organizational climate directly influence results
D. Behaviors directly influence results

A

D. Behaviors directly influence results

136
Q

Reaction does not affect:
A. Knowledge and skills
B. Intentions
C. Supportive organizational climate
D. Attitudes

A

C. Supportive organizational climate

137
Q

What experimental design did IPCO use?
A. Quasi-experimental
B. Pre-experimental
C. Experimental
D. None of the above

A

C. Experimental

138
Q

Career management is:
A. The planning of movement of all careers within an organization
B. Facilitation of a growth inductive environment for employees of an organization
C. Planning, implementing, and monitoring employee career paths
D. Managing an individuals growth within a company

A

C. Planning, implementing, and monitoring employee career paths.

139
Q

What is the difference between career management and career planning?
A. Career planning is done between the employee and the supervisor
B. Career management deals with the growth within the organization
C. There is no difference between the two
D. Career planning is the responsibility of the individual

A

D. Career planning is the responsibility of the individual

140
Q

_____ achieves both personal career goals and organizational goals.
A. Career development
B. Career planning
C. Career management
D. Career outlook

A

A. Career development

141
Q

Communicating development preferences to management and identifying personal abilities and interests is part of:
A. Career development
B. Career planning
C. Career management
D. None of the above

A

B. Career planning

142
Q

Matching organizational needs with individual capabilities and identifying future organizational staffing needs is part of:
A. Career development
B. Career management
C. Career planning
D. None of the above

A

B. Career management

143
Q

Proposed an eight-stage life cycle model:
A. B. F. Skinner
B. William James
C. Erik Erikson
D. Sigmund Freud

A

C. Erik Erikson

144
Q

This stage begins in the late teenage years and is a time of searching for values and role models.
A. Trust
B. Industry
C. Ego integrity
D. Identity

A

D. Identity

145
Q

During the “identity” stage it is common to:
A. Find a new sense of purpose in life
B. Decide on a career path
C. Think about a variety of different career choices
D. Find personal ego identities

A

C. Think about a variety of different career choices

146
Q

Intimacy and involvement are a part of what stage?
A. Adolescence
B. Middle childhood
C. Middle age
D. Young adulthood

A

D. Young adulthood

147
Q

Generativity:
A. Developing something of value for other people
B. Developing a personal identity
C. Part of Erikson’s sixth stage
D. Occupies the least amount of time in a person’s life.

A

A. Developing something of value for other people.

148
Q

Typical stages in career development include all of the following except:
A. Organizational entry
B. Occupational preparation
C. Retirement
D. Mid-career

A

C. Retirement

149
Q

True/False
Individuals can cycle through all five career stages several times in their lives.

A

True

150
Q

Which of the following is a major task of mid-career?
A. Increase competence
B. Remain productive in work
C. Pursue career dream
D. Maintain self esteem

A

B. Remain productive in work

151
Q

Which of the following is not a major task of early career establishment and achievement?
A. Develop occupational self-image
B. Learn organizational norms
C. Fit into chosen occupation and organization
D. Learn the job

A

A. Develop occupational self image

152
Q

People choose their career field based on a variety of factors:
I. Fields that intrinsically motivate them
II. Capabilities and talents
III. Personality
IV. Socioeconomic status

A. I, II, III, and IV
B. II, III, and IV
C. I and II
D. I, II and III

A

A. I, II, III, and IV

153
Q

The job interview establishes ____ for the new employees and their first job supervisor.
A. A psychological contract
B. Responsibilites
C. A relationship
D. Expectations

A

D. Expectations

154
Q

Realistic job preview is used to:
A. Establish a relationship between the supervisor and interviewee
B. Get unspoken job expectations out in the open
C. Discuss all the job expectations
D. Give the interviewee a realistic experience of what it’s like to have a certain job.

A

B. Get unspoken job expectations out in the open.

155
Q

True/False
RJPs reduce acceptance rates for job offers, however, they also reduce early job turnover.

A

False

156
Q

Another alternative to RJPs is _____
A. Question and answer interview
B. Job shadowing
C. Psychological contracting
D. Open interviewing

A

C. Psychological contracting

157
Q

What is the most common type of training?
A. Orientation
B. Supervisor
C. Motivational
D. Skills development

A

A. Orientation

158
Q

Employees in the early career stage are likely dealing with issues of ___ and ___.
A. Self-image; occupational choice
B. Self-esteem; accomplishment
C. Identity; acceptance
D. Intimacy; involvement

A

D. Intimacy; involvement

159
Q

Employees in the early career stage have a strong need for ____.
A. Guidance
B. Feedback
C. Supervision
D. Acceptance

A

B. Feedback

160
Q

The more ____ a new hire’s job is (in the early career stage) job is, the more successful they will be in the future.
A. Engaging
B. Manageable
C. Challenging
D. Meaningful

A

C. Challenging

161
Q

It is essential that a new hire’s manager be good at ____ and ____.
A. Training new hires; counseling
B. Establishing a relationship; coaching new hires
C. Coaching; establishing trust
D. Conducting performance reviews; establishing development plans

A

D. Conducting performance reviews; establishing development plans

162
Q

What is true about performance appraisals?
A. They allow the employee to achieve their career objectives
B. They help satisfy organizational requirements
C. Performance appraisals are rarely done right
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

163
Q

Employees begin questioning if they are on the right track at what career stage?
A. Early-career
B. Mid-career
C. Late-career
D. At all stages

A

B. Mid-career

164
Q

Mid-life crisis often leads to:
A. Life and career changes
B. Re-examination of life and career goals
C. A feeling of immobility and depression
D. Irrational decisions

A

B. Re-examination of life and career goals

165
Q

How can organizations make the best of the “re-examination” period of an employee’s life?
A. Help the employee get re-committed and re-invigorated
B. Get the employee to take on different or more challenging work
C. Search for different opportunities within the organization that might better fit the needs of the individual
D. Help them realize that their current career was the right choice all along.

A

A. Help the employee get re-committed and re-invigorated

166
Q

A big difference between Erik Erikson’s model and Hudson’s model is that Erikson’s is _____ while Hudson’s is ____.
A. Linear; cyclical
B. Hierarchal; egalitarian
C. Scientific; theoretical
D. Psychological; behavioral

A

A. Linear; cyclical

167
Q

What is the basic logic of the renewal cycle?
A. We will never feel fully satisfied about our career choice?
B. Everyone at some point in time will feel negative about their career choice
C. In order to get to the point of being totally happy with ones career choice, they first must experience doubt about their decision
D. Life is full of either mini-transitions or life-transitions

A

B. Everyone at some point in time will feel negative about their career choice.

168
Q

What is considered the “normal” retirement age?
A. Early 70s
B. Early 60s
C. Mid 60s
D. Late 50s

A

C. Mid 60s

169
Q

True/False
Most training provided by organizations is focused on younger employees

A

True

170
Q

An approach organizations use to combat the retirement of baby boomers and the shortage of skilled workers is:
I. Keep workers fully trained and employed for as long as possible
II. Have employees go from full-time to part-time and then eventually to retirement
III. Hire retired employees on a contract basis

A. II
B. I and III
C. I, II, and III
D. II and III

A

C. I, II, and III

171
Q

Which of the following is not an issue faced by those who retire?
A. Sense of purpose
B. Pride in achievement
C. Need to belong
D. Territoriality

A

A. Sense of purpose

172
Q

Self management is:
A. Adjustment to having no direction or goals
B. Adjustment to being totally self directed
C. Adjustment to loss of status
D. Adjustment to having no work group to interact with.

A

B. Adjustment to being totally self directed

173
Q

Need to belong is:
A. Adjustment to having no work group to interact with
B. Adjustment to being totally self directed
C. Adjustment to loss of status
D. Adjustment to having no direction or goals

A

A. Adjustment to having no work group to interact with

174
Q

Pride in achievement is:
A. Adjustment to being totally self directed
B. Adjustment to having no direction or goals
C. Recognition that pride in work accomplishments will fade quickly, and so will self-esteem
D. Adjustment to loss of status

A

C. Recognition that pride in work accomplishments will fade quickly, and so will self-esteem

175
Q

Territoriality is:
A. Adjustment to having no direction for goals
B. Adjustment to being totally self-directed
C. Adjustment to having no work group to interact with.
D. Adjustment to loss of status

A

D. Adjustment to loss of status

176
Q

Goals is:
A. Adjustment to having no work group to interact with.
B. Adjustment to loss of status
C. Adjustment to being totally self directed
D. Adjustment to having no direction for goals

A

D. Adjustment to having no direction for goals

177
Q

Developing a career plan that accommodates the organizations needs and initiate career development programs:
A. Career development
B. Career planning
C. Career management
D. None of the above

A

A. Career development

178
Q

Which of the following is an example of career management?
A. Plan personal career goals
B. Focus on individual
C. Focus on the organization
D. Assess career path options

A

C. Focus on the organization

179
Q

What is the opposite of generativity?
A. Dormancy
B. Stagnation
C. Inaction
D. Quiescence

A

B. Stagnation

180
Q

During the stage of “maturity,” you acquire _____.
A. Initiative
B. Generativity
C. Industry
D. Ego integrity

A

D. Ego integrity

181
Q

Organizations experience a higher amount of turnover during what stage?
A. Seventh
B. Eighth
C. Sixth
D. Fifth

A

C. Sixth

182
Q

Obtain job offers from desired organizations is at what stage of career development?
A. Mid-career
B. Occupational preparation
C. Organizational entry
D. Early-career

A

C. Organizational entry

183
Q

Develop a broader view of work and organization is at what stage of career development?
A. Organizational entry
B. Mid-career
C. Late-career
D. Early-career

A

B. Mid-career

184
Q

Which of the following are not organizational-level information new employees need to know?
A. Safety and accident prevention
B. Employee and union relations
C. Specific job duties and responsibilities
D. Key policies and procedures

A

C. Specific job duties and responsibilites

185
Q

Which of the following are not department level information new employees need to know?
A. Performance expectations
B. Department role
C. Customer relations
D. Policies, procedures, rules, and regulations

A

C. Customer relations

186
Q

Why is it bad for organizations to have orientation training consisting of “talking heads”, or of several people talking about particular information?
A. Not as interactive
B. Employee is a passive recipient
C. Few opportunities to ask questions
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

187
Q

When employees face the decision to make a mini-transition or a major transition, organizations can help them by:
I. Offering them new incentives for the current work
II. Provide coaches or mentors
III. Offer mid-career development workshops
IV. Provide alternative career routes

A. I, II, and III
B. II, III, and IV
C. I and II
D. II and III

A

D. II and III

188
Q

Which of the following is not a stage in the adult renewal cycle?
A. Stuck in the doldrums
B. Cocooning
C. Organizational entry
D. Go for it

A

C. Organizational entry

189
Q

True/False
Employees going through their “down in the doldrums” stage of their career do not want to maintain their effectiveness at work.

A

False

190
Q

Retirees that have “need to belong” issues have a hard time:
A. Adjusting to having no direction for goals
B. Adjusting to being totally self directed
C. Adjusting to loss of status
D. Adjusting to having no work group to interact with

A

D. Adjusting to having no work group to interact with

191
Q

Women hold only about _____ percent of top level management positions.
A. 10-15
B. 15-20
C. 5-10
D. 3-5

A

A. 10-15

192
Q

With “dual-career ladders” the first track is a _____ track and the second is a _____ track.
A. Management; technical
B. Labor; consulting
C. Labor; supervisor
D. Advisory; relations

A

A. Mangement; technical

193
Q

An unofficial barrier for advancement within an organization
A. Dual career ladders
B. Second class citizenship
C. Career plateau
D. Glass ceiling

A

D. Glass ceiling

194
Q

The term “career” refers to:
A. A series of work-related positions a person holds throughout life
B. A path of expertise that eventually leads to a job
C. A job lasting for the majority of a person’s life
D. A series of unrelated jobs that a person has throughout their life.

A

A. A series of work-related positions a person holds throughout life.

195
Q

Career management:
A. Match organizational needs with individual capabilities
B. Assess career path options within and outside the organization
C. Design a career plan that accommodates the organizations needs
D. Identify personal abilities and interests

A

A. Match organizational needs with individual capabilities.

196
Q

Department-level information:
A. Safety and accident prevention
B. Physical facilities
C. Policies, procedures, rules, and regulations
D. Customer relations

A

C. Policies, procedures, rules, and regulations.

197
Q

Which of the following is not a sub-goal of evaluation?
A. Promotion
B. Evaluation and training effectiveness
C. Wage and salary decisions
D. Feedback for performance improvement

A

D. Feedback for performance improvement

198
Q

Which of the following is not a subgoal of development?
A. Feedback of performance improvement
B. Career planning
C. Validation of employee selection approaches
D. Identification of training needs

A

C. Validation of employee selection approaches

199
Q

Poor performance is usually the result of either a ____ problem or a ____ problem.
A. Skill; will
B. Feedback; behavior
C. Ability; attitude
D. KSAs; behavior

A

A. Skill; will

200
Q

“To increase the number of invoices processed to 150 per day by October 1st” is an example of a/an:
A. Goal
B. Standard
C. Commitment
D. Expectation

A

A. Goal

201
Q

Standards are more applicable to:
A. Jobs involving routine, repetitive tasks
B. Managerial and professional jobs
C. Jobs where employees engage in project work
D. All of the above

A

A. Jobs involving routine, repetitive tasks

202
Q

True/False
Goals and standards are most effective when mutually agreed upon by all affected

A

True

203
Q

_____ statements create defensiveness on the part of the feedback recipient.
A. Negative
B. “I”
C. Accusing
D. “You”

A

D. “You”

204
Q

Feedback should always be:
A. Encouraging
B. People-oriented
C. Problem-oriented
D. Positive

A

C. Problem-oriented

205
Q

From a competitiveness standpoint, performance feedback should be given from:
I. Customers
II. Peers
III. Managers

A. I, II, and III
B. II and III
C. I and III
D. III

A

A. I, II, and III

206
Q

All of the following are characteristics of a legally defensible performance assessment system except:
A. Raters should have ample opportunity to observe the performance of the ratee
B. Management should be committed to the PA system and communicate this commitment throughout the organization
C. Ratees should be provided with feedback of the results of the PA and should have an opportunity to appeal to a higher level manager if they disagree.
D. PAs should not involve the development and communication of performance standards to employees.

A

D. PAs should not involve the development and communication of performance standards to employees.

207
Q

True/False
To overcome memory bias, it is a good idea to have the “RATER” keep a written performance journal in order to recall past performance when it comes time to give a performance appraisal.

A

True

208
Q

All are steps in the performance management cycle except:
A. Determine motivation
B. Establish goals and expectations
C. Evaluate performance
D. Feedback and coaching

A

A. Determine motivation

209
Q

_______ involves definition, development, and evaluation of employee job performance.
A. Performance management
B. Organization strategy and rewards
C. Coaching and feedback
D. Performance appraisal

A

A. Performance management

210
Q

What is considered the most problematic area of human resources?
A. Training and development
B. Performance evaluation
C. Talent and acquisition
D. Retention

A

B. Performance evaluation

211
Q

True/False
Managers typically don’t get rewarded for completing appraisal forms on time or writing detailed performance records.

A

True

212
Q

Performance management is related to:
A. Higher productivity
B. Lower employee turnover
C. Higher market value for the firm
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

213
Q

_______ use several dimensions of job performance drawn from a job analysis.
A. Alternation ranking
B. Trait ranking system
C. Behaviorally-anchored rating scales
D. Forced distribution

A

C. Behaviorally-anchored rating scales.

214
Q

BARS are usually developed:
A. With participation
B. From the performance management cycle
C. At random
D. Through the casual model of job performance

A

A. With participation

215
Q

All are considered objective performance measures except:
A. Absenteeism
B. Trait rating
C. Productivity
D. Sales

A

B. Trait rating

216
Q

Which of the following is considered a subjective rating measurement of performance?
A. Alternation ranking
B. Forced distribution
C. Paired comparison
D. Weighted checklist

A

D. Weighted checklist

217
Q

All of the following are employee rights except:
A. The right to have personal records remain confidential
B. Right to fair treatment
C. The right to ‘terminate arbitrarily’
D. Freedom from discriminatory treatment

A

C. The right to ‘terminate arbitrarily’

218
Q

True/False
Employee rights are only those rights that are currently protected by law or collective bargaining agreements.

A

False

219
Q

True/False
Although unjustifiable dismissal of an employee is a more widely known issue, training is still important to help lessen the offenses that occur.

A

True

220
Q

All of the following are things that an organization should do to help them win an ‘unjustifiable dismissal’ suit if an employee ever decides to take them to court except:
A. Maintain accurate HR records
B. Train supervisors and managers to conduct valid appraisals
C. Never dismiss an employee
D. Establish grievance procedures

A

C. Never dismiss an employee

221
Q

All of the following are principles of discipline a manager should follow when disciplining an employee except:
A. Avoid criticizing the employee’s personal characteristics
B. Discipline the person
C. Make rules and consequences clear
D. Be consistent when enforcing rules

A

B. Discipline the person

222
Q

True/False
Not only do employees need to comply with the rules, but to be effective over the long term, they also need to agree with them.

A

True

223
Q

What does discipline encourage employees to do?
A. Not break performance standards
B. Not adhere to rules
C. Not have respect for others
D. Not follow policies

A

A. Not break performance standards

224
Q

What is the “decision-making leave” day?
A. The day set for the employer to fire the employee
B. The day set to fix the problem at hand
C. The day set that the employee must decide whether or not to stay with the organization
D. The day the employee decides to quit.

A

C. The day set that the employee must decide whether or not to stay with the organization.

225
Q

What is the first step in both the non-punitive discipline and the progressive discipline systems?
A. Suspension for the inappropriate behavior
B. Written warning of the behavior that needs to be fixed
C. Verbal warning of the inappropriate behavior
D. Having a “decision-making leave” day set

A

C. Verbal warning of the inappropriate behavior.

226
Q

What is a difference between the non-punitive system and the progressive discipline system?
A. The progressive discipline starts out with a verbal warning while the non-punitive starts with a written warning of the inappropriate behavior.
B. The progressive discipline has the employer terminate while the non-punitive lets the employee decide whether they want to accept responsibility and change or leave the organization.
C. The progressive discipline provides an opportunity for the employee to provide feedback while the non-punitive only allows the employer to provide feedback.
D. The progressive discipline focuses on the employee accepting the rules and the non-punitive system focuses on complying with the rules.

A

B. The progressive discipline has the employer terminate while the non-punitive lets the employee decide whether they want to accept responsibility and change or leave the organization.

227
Q

When an employer terminates an employee because they are motivated by malice, they are in violation of which of the exceptions to the at-will doctrine?
A. Breach of implied covenant
B. Implied contract
C. Breach of working conditions
D. Public policy

A

A. Breach of implied covenant

228
Q

True/False
It is important for the employer to have a paper trail to defend against the charge of wrongful discharge.

A

True

229
Q

When doing a termination interview, which of the following should not be done?
A. Describe the situation leading to the dismissal
B. Have only the supervisor and the employee present
C. Plan the interview carefully
D. Review the specifics of the severance

A

B. Have only the supervisor and the employee present.

230
Q

An employer should do all of the following to ensure legal termination except?
A. Establish due process
B. Follow procedures at will
C. Establish grievance procedures
D. Communicate prohibitions

A

B. Follow procedures at will

231
Q

All of the following are things that employers should do to ensure that their employees know and understand the behaviors and expectations that are prohibited or required in the job except:
A. Issuing written policy statements
B. Training only management and supervisors
C. Completing job descriptions
D. Writing up performance criteria

A

B. Training only managers and supervisors

232
Q

True/False
Even though privacy legislation generally does not cover private employer-employee relationships, many organizations are establishing their own policies governing privacy rights.

A

True

233
Q

Which of the following is a benefit that organizations can achieve if they recognize employee rights?
A. Enhanced organizational image
B. Increased wage demands
C. Decreased flexibility in job assignments
D. Increased legal costs

A

A. Enhanced organizational image

234
Q

All of the following are ways employees often feel when employee rights are respected except:
A. They have increased self esteem
B. They feel a heightened sense of job security
C. They feel a heightened sense of unfairness
D. They feel they are being treated with respect

A

C. They feel a heightened sense of unfairness

235
Q

True/False
Courts and legislative bodies may be less inclined to legislate job security and on-the-job employee rights if employers take a proactive position to protect employee rights on their own.

A

True

236
Q

All of the following are things that employers should do to verify they have not violated any laws and are not liable for wrongful termination except:
A. Institute a grievance process
B. Keep records of employee personalities
C. Ensure due process is respected
D. Communicate to employees about inappropriate behavior

A

B. Keep records of employee personalities