C2

Question 1

Define relative atomic mass?

Answer 1

The mean mass of an atom compared to 1/12 the mass of a Carbon-12 atom

Question 2

What is the symbol for Relative atomic mass?

Answer 2

Ar

Question 3

Define relative formula mass

Answer 3

The mean mass of a unit of substance compared to 1/12 the mass of a Carbon -12 atom

Question 4

What is the symbol for relative formula mass?

Answer 4

Mr

Question 5

Define empirical formula

Answer 5

Shows the simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound

Question 6

What does pure mean?

Answer 6

Consists of just one element or compound

Question 7

How does purity affect melting point? (Two ways)

Answer 7

Melting point is reduced and is over a range of temperatures

Question 8

What is a solute?

Answer 8

A substance (solid) that dissolves

Question 9

What is a solvent?

Answer 9

The substance which does the dissolving (liquid)

Question 10

What does soluble mean?

Answer 10

A substance can dissolve in a particular solvent

Question 11

What is the filtrate?

Answer 11

The substance that passes through the filter paper

Question 12

What is the residue in filtration?

Answer 12

The substance that stays on the filter paper

Question 13

What does saturated mean?

Answer 13

No more solute can dissolve at that temperature

Question 14

What does a condenser do?

Answer 14

Cools a gas back to a liquid state

Question 15

What does fractional distillation do?

Answer 15

Separates two or more substances from a mixture in the liquid state - they have to have different boiling points

Question 16

What is the stationary phase?

Answer 16

In chromatography the part that does not move - the paper or the plate

Question 17

What is the mobile phase?

Answer 17

In chromatography the part that moves - the solvent

Question 18

What is the stationary phase in gas chromatography?

Answer 18

Silica or alumina powder

Question 19

What is the mobile phase in gas chromatography?

Answer 19

An unreactive carrier has such as nitrogen

Question 20

How do you calculate the Rf value?

Answer 20

Distance travelled by substance divided by distance travelled by solvent

Question 21

How would you separate a mixture of insoluble and soluble substances?

Answer 21

Dissolving followed by filtration

Question 22

How would you obtain a solute from a solution

Answer 22

Crystallisation

Question 23

How would you obtain a solvent from a solution

Answer 23

Simple distillation

Question 24

How would you separate coloured soluble substances?

Answer 24

Paper or thin-layer chromatography

Question 25

What does malleable mean?

Answer 25

Bend without shattering

Question 26

What does ductile mean?

Answer 26

Can be pulled into wires

Question 27

Which side of the periodic table are non metals found on?

Answer 27

Right

Question 28

Metal oxides in solution are acidic or alkali?

Answer 28

Alkaline

Question 29

Non metal oxides in solution are acidic or alkaline?

Answer 29

Acidic

Question 30

What is the maximum number of electrons in each shell?

Answer 30

2.8.8.18

Question 31

What charge do metal ions have?

Answer 31

Positive

Question 32

What is an ion?

Answer 32

A charged particle formed when atoms gain or lose electrons

Question 33

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 33

Attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 34

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 34

A shared pair of electrons - the attraction between the shared pair of electrons the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 35

What are intermolecular forces?

Answer 35

Weak forces of attraction between molecules

Question 36

What are giant covalent structures?

Answer 36

Many non-metal atoms joined by covalent bonds arranged in a repeating regular structure

Question 37

Which types of polymers have cross-linking?

Answer 37

Thermosetting

Question 38

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 38

The attraction between positive metal ions in a lattice and delocalised electrons

Question 39

What is the order of elements in the periodic table?

Answer 39

In order of increasing atomic number

Question 40

What are allotropes?

Answer 40

Different forms of an element with different atomic arrangements, e.g. diamond and graphite

Question 41

Why doesn’t diamond conduct electricity?

Answer 41

There are no delocalised electrons

Question 42

What does graphite conduct electricity?

Answer 42

It has delocalised electrons, free to move

Question 43

What change of state happens during condensing?

Answer 43

Gas to liquid

Question 44

What are the typical sizes of nano particles?

Answer 44

1-100nm across (x10-9m)

Question 45

How do you calculate surface are to volume ratio?

Answer 45

Surface area divided by volume

Question 46

What are the risks associated with nano particles?

Answer 46

Can be breathed in Pass through skin May take a long time to break down Toxic substances may stick to them