c3

Question 1

x

Answer 1

adaptation

Question 2

x

Answer 2

reversible cell injury

Question 3

x

Answer 3

irreversible cell injury

Question 4

Increase in stress leading to increase in size of the cell, involves gene activation and protein synthesis and production of organelles

Answer 4

hypertrophy

Question 5

Increase in stress leading to increase in number of cells and it involves the production of new cells from stem cells

Answer 5

hyperplasia.

Question 6

pathologic hypertrophy

Answer 6

The thickening of the heart muscle

Question 7

Is a pathological hypertrophy can occur due to two types of signals

1) stress and trophic triggers which are soluble mediators that stimulate growth
2) growth factors and follow normal hypertrophic pathways

Answer 7

myocardial hypertrophy.

Question 8

x

Answer 8

pressure-overload

Question 9

x

Answer 9

volume-overload

Question 10

x

Answer 10

pulmonary hypertensive heart disease

Question 11

x

Answer 11

systemic hypertensive heart disease

Question 12

x

Answer 12

cor pulmonale

Question 13

physiologic hyperplasia

Answer 13

x

Question 14

pathologic hyperplasia

Answer 14

x

Question 15

x

Answer 15

compensatory hyperplasia

Question 16

x

Answer 16

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 17

x

Answer 17

atrophy.

Question 18

x

Answer 18

hypoplasia

Question 19

x

Answer 19

aplasia

Question 20

x

Answer 20

agenesis

Question 21

pathologic atrophy

Answer 21

x

Question 22

physiologic atrophy

Answer 22

x

Question 23

x

Answer 23

senile atrophy

Question 24

x

Answer 24

brown atrophy.

Question 25

x

Answer 25

atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease

Question 26

x

Answer 26

Alzheimer disease

Question 27

x

Answer 27

metaplasia

Question 28

x

Answer 28

epithelial metaplasia

Question 29

x

Answer 29

Barrett esophagus

Question 30

x

Answer 30

metaplasia resulting from vitamin A defficiency

Question 31

x

Answer 31

mesenchymal metaplasia

Question 32

x

Answer 32

(necrosis

Question 33

x

Answer 33

apoptosis

Question 34

x

Answer 34

dysregulated apoptosis

Question 35

x

Answer 35

ultrastructural changes in reversibly and irreversibly injured cells

Question 36

x

Answer 36

pyknosis

Question 37

x

Answer 37

karyorrhexis

Question 38

x

Answer 38

karyolysis.

Question 39

x

Answer 39

coagulative necrosis

Question 40

x

Answer 40

myocardial infarct (as an example of coagulative necrosis

Question 41

x

Answer 41

renal infarct as an example of coagulative necrosis.

Question 42

x

Answer 42

liquefactive necrosis

Question 43

x

Answer 43

peptic ulcer (as an example of liquefactive necrosis)

Question 44

x

Answer 44

gangrenous necrosis

Question 45

x

Answer 45

caseous necrosis

Question 46

x

Answer 46

fibrinoid necrosis

Question 47

x

Answer 47

fat necrosis

Question 48

x

Answer 48

ischemic injury.

Question 49

x

Answer 49

hypoxic injury

Question 50

x

Answer 50

ischemia-reperfusion injury

Question 51

x

Answer 51

storage disease.

Question 52

x

Answer 52

steatosis (fatty change

Question 53

x

Answer 53

alcoholic liver disease

Question 54

x

Answer 54

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Question 55

x

Answer 55

foam cells.

Question 56

x

Answer 56

atheroma (atherosclerotic plaque)

Question 57

x

Answer 57

xanthoma

Question 58

x

Answer 58

cholesterolosis.

Question 59

x

Answer 59

Russell bodies

Question 60

x

Answer 60

Mallory-Denk bodies (alcoholic hyaline)

Question 61

x

Answer 61

hyaline change

Question 62

x

Answer 62

intracellular accumulations of glycogen

Question 63

x

Answer 63

glycogenosis.

Question 64

x

Answer 64

anthracosis, „wear-and-tear” pigment

Question 65

x

Answer 65

ochronosis

Question 66

x

Answer 66

hemosiderin

Question 67

x

Answer 67

hemosiderosis

Question 68

x

Answer 68

hemochromatosis.

Question 69

x

Answer 69

dystrophic calicification

Question 70

x

Answer 70

metastatic calicification

Question 71

x

Answer 71

pathologic calcification

Question 72

x

Answer 72

psammoma bodies

Question 73

List principal causes of hypercalcemia

Answer 73

x