GI BY HADI Flashcards
(84 cards)
1
Q
Lomgitudenal laceration
A
Mallory Weiss tears.
2
Q
Tansmural
A
boerhaave
3
Q
HSV
A
punched out
4
Q
Resemble their sample
A
CVHD
5
Q
Intestinal metaplasia in the eso squmamus *mucrin
A
barret
6
Q
Distal third mass in eso
A
adenocarcinoma
7
Q
Middle third
A
squamous cell carcinoma
8
Q
Gray white plaqulike
A
squamous cell carcinoma
9
Q
Ulcer base is brown and adjacent musoa is normal
A
stress related ulcer
10
Q
Pit absesse
A
h.pylori
11
Q
signet-ring
A
infiltrative adenocarcinoma.
12
Q
linitus plastica (literally “leather bottle”)
A
infiltrative
13
Q
plump and cohesive cells) or spindle cell type ktp1
A
GIST
14
Q
flask-shaped ulcer
A
E. histolyca
15
Q
Multiple flasklike pouches
A
Sigmoid Diverticulitis
16
Q
Annular masses with “napkin-ring”:
A
Colorectal adenocarcinoma
17
Q
microsatellite instability
A
colorectal adenocarcinoma
18
Q
microsatellite instability
A
Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer
19
Q
cauliflower-like mass, Frondlike villiform extensions
A
villous adenomas
20
Q
Most common intestinal anomaly which results from the failure of involution of the omphalomesenteric duct, leaving a persistent blind-ended tubular protrusion as long as 5-6cm
A
Meckel diverticulium
21
Q
most common site of angiodysplasia
A
cecum
22
Q
Peptic Ulcers are located in what part of the GIT
A
first part of duodenum.
23
Q
Most common site of tubular adenoma
A
colon
24
Q
In gastritis, histologically, what signifies an active inflammation
A
neutrophils.
25
spindle cells with elongated nuclei with fine chromatin and eosinophilic fibrillar cytoplasm. (+) c-KIT gene mutation
GSIT
26
Protrusion of the stomach above the diaphragm bell-shaped dilation w hernia
sliding hernia
27
Hernia where in a portion of the stomach, usually along the greater curvature, enters the thorax through the widened space between the muscular crura
Paraesophgeal (rolling) hernia
28
Pearly white to gray, circumscribed thickenings of the oral mucosa, which grows in exophytic pattern to produce a visible and palpable nodular, eventually fungating lesions:
oral cavity carcinoma
29
nipple-like contains abundant crypts luned by well-differentiated goblet or epithelial cells
hyperplastic polyp
30
Trypanosoma cruzi
chaga
31
eosinophils in the epithelial layer, basal zone hyperplasia and elongation of lamina propria papillae are histologic findings in this condition
Reflux esophagitis
32
From luminal surface:Necrosis Inflammation + Granulation tissueScar
chronic, nonperforated, open ulcer
33
gastric carcinoma
Pylorus and antrum
34
Presence of eosinophils in the epithelial layer, basal zone hyperplasia and elongation of lamina propria papillae are histologic findings in this condition
reflux eso
35
Defined as the replacement of the normal distal stratified squamous mucosa by metaplastic columnar epithelium containing goblet cells A complication of long-standing GERD.
Barret eso
36
Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus commonly occur at which segment of the esophagus
Proximal 2/3 of the esophagus
37
Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus commonly occur at which segment of the esophagus
distal 1/3 of the esophagus
38
Presence of chronic inflammatory changes in the mucosa of the stomach eventually leading to mucosal atrophy and epithelial metaplasia
Chronic gastritis
39
Gastritis resulting from production of autoantibodies to the gastric gland parietal cells, leading to gland destruction and mucosal atrophy with loss of acid and intrinsic factor
Autoimmune atrophic gastritis
40
acute mucosal inflammatory process of the stomach, marked by mucosal edema and inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils and chronic inflammatory 1cells. Regenerative replication of cells in the gastric pit is prominent.
Acute gastritis One of the major causes of hematemesis, especially in alcoholic
41
A breach in the mucosa that extends through the muscularis mucosae into the submucosa or deeper.
Ulcers
42
Breach in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal mucosa only.
Erosion
43
Chronic, solitary lesions that occur in any portion of the GIT exposed to the aggressive action of acidic peptic juices
Peptic ulcer
44
Increases risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma:Acute gastritis vs. peptic ulcer disease
Acute gastritisPUD is NOT a premalignant lesio
45
Acute gastric ulceration which occurs in the presence of injury to the CNS
Cushing ulcer
46
Acute gastric ulceration which occurs in the presence of burns
curling ulcer
47
Hsv test
tzanck test or smear
48
Composed of hyperplastic gastric mucosal epithelium and an inflamed edematous stroma. A mass lesion arising from the mucosa
Gastric polyp
49
Most common site of gastric carcinoma within the stomach.
Pylorus and antrum (50-60%), along the lesser curvature
50
Three macroscopic growth patterns of gastric carcinoma
Exophytic - protrusion of mass into lumenFlat or depressed - no obvious tumor mass within the mucosaExcavated - a shallow or deeply eroded crater
51
Rigid and thickened stomach, secondary to extensive malignant infiltration
Littnius plastic
52
Histologic classification of gastric carcinoma composed of gastric-type mucous cells that do not form glands but permeate the mucosa and wall as "signet-ring" cells in an infiltrative growth pattern.
Diffuse variant
53
A malignancy in the ovary that metastasized from a gastric adenocarcinoma
krukenberg
54
Most common intestinal anomaly which results from the failure of involution of the omphalomesenteric duct, leaving a persistent blind-ended tubular protrusion as long as 5-6cm.
Meckel diverticulum
55
No gangliong in co Ischemic lesion of the intestines which extends only up to the muscularis mucosae lon yooooo man
Hirschsprung disease
56
Mucosal infarction Ischemic lesion of the intestines which extends only up to the
muscularis mucosae
57
Ischemic lesion of the intestines involving the mucosa and submucosa, sparing the muscular wall.
Mural infarction
58
Ischemic lesion of the intestines involving all of the visceral layers
Transmural
59
Development of sudden abdominal pain out of proportion to the physical signs. Sometimes accomplanied by bloody diarrhea
May progress to shock and vascular collapse within hours. Ischemic bowl disease
60
A blind pouch that communicates with the lumen of the gut. Histologically describes as small, flask-like or spherical outpouchings, usually 0.5 to 1 cm diameter
Diverticula
61
Characterized by transmural inflammation of the bowel,
associated with noncaseating granulomas and fistula formation. Intestinal walls are rubbery and thick. (+) skip lesions, creeping fat mesentery crohn disease
62
Ulcerative colitis An ulceroinflammatory disease of the colon which is limited to the mucosa and submucosa
No granulomas, no skip lesions. High risk of carcinoma development. crypt abscess and glandular architectural distortion
63
Most common type of intestinal adenoma, which are tubular glands with slender stalks and raspberry-like heads composed pf neoplastic epithelium forming branching glands lined by tall, hyperchromatic cells.
Tubular adenomas
64
Larger, more ominous intestinal epithelial polyp. Tends to occur in older persons at the rectum or rectosigmoid. Sessile, velvety and cauliflower-like mass projecting 1-3cm above the surrounding mucosa. Frondlike villiform extensions covered by dysplastic columnar epithelium
Villous adenoma
65
Uncommon hamartomatous polyps associated with melanotic mucosal and cutaneous pigmentation. Caused by germ-line mutations in LKB1 gene
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
66
Polypoid, exophytic masses that extend along the wall of capacious cecum and ascending colon. Symptoms of fatigue, weakness and iron deficiency anemia
Right sided colorectal carcinoma
67
Annular, encircling lesions, "napkin-ring" constrictions of the bowel and narrowing of the lumen. Symptoms pf occult bleeding, changes in bowel habit or crampy left lower quadrant discomfort
left sided colorectal carcinoma
68
Most common site of carcinoid tumors
Appendix
69
Carcinoid tumors Tumors arising from endocrine cells along the GIT. Solid, yellow-tan appearance on transection
Neoplastic cells have a scant, pink granular cytoplasm and a round-to-oval stippled nucleus.
70
most common location of Mallory Weiss Tears
sophagogastric junction or in the proximal gastric
71
peptic ulcer GIT is in
dudenom
72
What is the most common location of gastric ulcer?
Lesser curvature
73
What is the most common primary source of gastric metastasis?
Systemic lymphoma
74
Most adenomas are seen in what part of the GIT?
Ampulla of vater
75
Most tubular adenomas are found in what part of the GIT?
Colon
76
Morphology: thin wall composed of flattened or atrophic mucosa, compressed submucosa, and attenuated or totally absent muscularis propria
Colonic diverticula
77
What is the most common site of angiodysplasia
Cecum
78
What area of the GIT is at greatest risk of ischemic injury
splenic fluxre
79
What is the earliest lesion seen in Crohn Disease
Focal neutrophilic infiltration into the epithelial layer, particularly overlying mucosal lymphoid aggregates
80
narrowing of lumen, bowel wall thickening, serosal extension of mesenteric fat, and linear ulceration of the mucosal surface
crohn
81
Morphology: diffuse severe atrophy and blunting of villi, with a chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the lamina propria
celiac
82
Morphology: focal crypt cell necrosis or apoptosis with minimal to absent inflammatory cell response in the lamina propria
Acute GVHD
83
Morphology: marked blunting of the small intestinal villi with a mixed inflammatory infiltrate resembling the atrophic stage of celiac disease
giardiasis
84
Morphology: small intestinal mucosa usually exhibits modestly shortened villi and infiltration of the lamina propria by lymphocytes
viral gastroentertits
