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cancer genes/markers Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

BCR-ABL

A

oncogene. t(9,22). tyrosine kinase. defines CML, found in some ALL

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2
Q

BCL-2

A

oncogene. t(14,18). antiapoptotic molecule that prevents cytochrome c from leaking out. follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas

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3
Q

BRAF

A

oncogene. serine/threonine kinase. melanoma, NH lymphoma

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4
Q

c-kit

A

oncogene. pt. mutation. cytokine receptor - stem cell GFR. GIST

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5
Q

c-myc

A

oncogene. t(8,14). transcription factor. burkitts

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6
Q

HER2/neu

A

oncogene. amplification. tyrosine kinase - epidermal GFR. breast, ovarian, gastric CA

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7
Q

L-myc

A

oncogene. amplification. transcription factor. Lung tumor - small cell

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8
Q

N-myc

A

oncogene. amplification. transcription factor. Neuroblastoma

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9
Q

RAS

A

oncogene. pt mutation. GTPase. colon, lung, pancreatic, lymphoma, melanoma.

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10
Q

RET

A

oncogene. pt mutation. tyrosine kinase - neural GFR. MEN 2a + 2b, medullary thyroid CA

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11
Q

PGDFB

A

oncogene. growth factor. overexpression -> autocrine loop -> astrocytoma.

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12
Q

CCND1

A

oncogene. t(11,14). cyclin D1. mantle cell lymphoma

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13
Q

CDK4

A

oncogene. amplification. cyclin-dependent kinase. melanoma

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14
Q

APC

A

tumor suppressor gene. colorectal CA (associated w/FAP)

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15
Q

BRCA1/2

A

tumor suppressor gene. breast and ovarian. DNA repair protein

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16
Q

DCC

A

tumor suppressor gene. colon: Deleted in Colon Cancer

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17
Q

DPC4/SMAD4

A

tumor suppressor gene. pancreatic CA. Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer

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18
Q

MEN1

A

tumor suppressor gene. menin.

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19
Q

NF1

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A

tumor suppressor gene. Ras GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)

20
Q

NF2

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A

tumor suppressor gene. merlin (schwannomin) protein

21
Q

p16

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A

tumor suppressor gene. melanoma. cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A

22
Q

p53

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A

tumor suppressor gene. most human CA. 1 copy missing in Li-Fraumeni. transcription factor for p21, blocks G1->S phase

23
Q

PTEN

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A

tumor suppressor gene. breast, prostate, endometrial

24
Q

Rb

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A

tumor suppressor gene. retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma. binds E2F (a transcription factor), preventing G1->S phase

25
TSC1
tumor suppressor gene. tuberous sclerosis. hamartin protein
26
TSC2
tumor suppressor gene. tuberous sclerosis. tuberin protein
27
VHL
tumor suppressor gene. von Hippel Lindau, renal cell CA. inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a
28
WT1/WT2
tumor suppressor gene. Wilms Tumor (nephroblastoma)
29
alk phos
bone/liver mets, paget dz of bone, seminoma (placental ALP)
30
AFP
HCC, hepatoblastoma, yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor mixed germ cell tumor. normally made by fetus. transiently elevated in pregnancy.
31
beta-hCG
hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinomas, testicular CA, mixed germ cell tumor. produced by syncytiotrophoblasts
32
CA15-3/CA27-29
breast CA
33
CA19-9
pancreatic adenoCA
34
CA125
ovarian CA
35
calcitonin
medullary thyroid CA
36
CEA
CarcinoEmbryonic Ag. nonspecific. ~70% of colorectal and pancreatic CA. also breast, gastric, medullary thyroid CA
37
chromogranin
neuroendocrine tumors/carcinoid
38
PSA
prostate CA. also BPH and prostatisis
39
EBV
burkitt, H lymphoma, nasopharyngeal CA, primary CNS lymphoma (in immunocompromised)
40
HBV, HCV
HCC
41
HHV-8
kaposi (AIDS: antiretrovirals, transplant: dec. suppression, old eastern euro man: excision).
42
H. pylori
gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphoma
43
HTLV-1
adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
44
liver fluke (clonorchis sinensis)
cholangiocarcinoma
45
schistosoma haematobium
bladder CA (squamous cell)
46
CAs w/psammoma bodies
PSaMMoma! Papillary CA of thyroid, Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary, Meningioma, Malignant mesothelioma

step 1 (24 decks)

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