Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Canine Head > Flashcards

Canine Head Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Dog Cephalic Index Formula

A

(100 x skull width)/ skull length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dogs with a Dog cephalic index less than 50 are considered

A

Dolichocephalic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dogs with a Dog cephalic index greater than 100 are considered

A

Brachycephalic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dogs with a dog cephalic index of 50-100 are considered

A

Mesaticephalic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

4 palpable superficial structures are

A

Infraorbital foramen
Mental foramen
Nuchal and Sagittal Crest
Zygomatic arch/Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define mimetic muscles

A

Superficial facial expression muscles; associated w/ hyoid apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 6 mimetic muscles

A

1) Orbicularis oris
2) Orbicularis oculi
3) Caninus
4) Buccinator
5) Levator nasolabialis
6) Levator labii superioris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies the mimetic muscles

A

Facial nerve; CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 branches of CN VII (Facial n.) that are involved in facial nerve paralysis

A

1) Palpebral n.
2) Dorsal Buccal n.
3) Ventral Buccal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 clinical signs of facial nerve paralysis in dogs and the muscle affected

A

1) Inability to close eyes- Orbicularis Occuli m.
2) Food in vestibule- Buccinator m.
3) Dropped ear- Rostral and Caudal auricular m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the general functions of mastication muscles

A

To provide and maintain jaw tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the 4 mastication muscles

A

1) Temporalis
2) Masseter
3) Pterygoid (Lateral and Medial)
4) Digastricus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the Lateral/Medial Pterygoid m.

A

They close and drop the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which nerve innervates the Lateral/Medial Pterygoid m.

A

Mandibular n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the specific function of the digastricus m.

A

Open the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which nerve innervate the Caudal portion of the digastricus m.

A

Facial n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which nerve innervates the Rostral portion of the digastricus m.

A

Mandibular n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is another name for “Mandibular nerve paralysis”

A

Dropped jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does the parotid salivary gland duct open

A

Against the upper 4th premolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Location of the Parotid lymph node and what it drains

A

Rostral to parotid salivary gland; drains the superficial structures dorsal to palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the mandibular salivary gland open up

A

At the sublingual caruncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the mandibular lymph node located and what does it drain

A

In the intermandibular space; drains superficial structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where does the monostomatic sublingual salivary gland open

A

At the sublingual caruncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where does the polystomatic sublingual salivary gland open

A

At the sublingual fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where does the zygomatic/buccal salivary gland open

A

Against the upper 2nd molar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where do all of the lymph nodes of the head drain to

A

First, into the medial retropharyngeal lymph node and then the tracheal duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Define “ranula”

A

Pathological dilation of the sublingual salivary gland duct (confined to oral floor)

28
Q

Define “Mucocele”

A

Collection of mucoid saliva in the surrounding tissues

29
Q

What is Keratoconjuctivitis sica (KCS)?

A

Eye condition characterized by dryness and lack of tear production

30
Q

How do you treat Keratoconjunctivitis sica (KCS)?

A

Transposition of parotid duct into conjunctival sac to compensate for compromised tear production

31
Q

What are the Dorsal, Ventral, and Caudal borders of the oral cavity proper

A

Dorsal- Hard and soft palate
Ventral-Tongue and mucosa
Caudal- Tongue, soft palate, and palatoglossal arch

32
Q

What is the permanent dog dental formula

A

2x (I3/3; C1/1; P4/4; M2/3)= 42

33
Q

What is the temporary dog dental formula

A

2x ( I3/3; C1/1; P3/3)= 28

Sectorial/Shearing tooth: upper p4 and lower M1

34
Q

What is the permanent dental formula for cats

A

2x (I3/3; C1/1; P3/2; M1/1)= 30

35
Q

What is the temporary dental formula for cats

A

2x ( I3/3; C1/1; P3/2)= 26

36
Q

When is it necessary to perform a nerve blocking of the palpebral branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)

A

During eye examinations

37
Q

At what level would you block the palpebral branch of CN VII

A

The level of the zygomatic arch

38
Q

Where does the infraorbital (maxillary) nerve emerge from

A

The infraorbital foramen

39
Q

Which procedures require blocking of the infraorbital (maxillary) nerve

A

Minor procedures in the upper lip, canines, and incisors

40
Q

Which nerves make up the mental nerves

A

Inferior-alveolar and Mandibular

41
Q

What procedures require blocking of the mental nerves

A

Minor procedures in the lower lip, incisors, and canines

42
Q

Which papillae of the tongue are mechanical

A

Filiform/Conical

43
Q

Which papillae are for taste

A

Fungiform, Vallate, and Foliate

44
Q

Where is the Lyssa located on the tongue

A

On the ventral surface

45
Q

Name the 4 extrinisic tongue muscles

A

1) Geniohyoideus m.
2) Styloglossus m.
3) Hyoglossus m.
4) Genioglossus m.

46
Q

General function of extrinsic muscles of the tongue is to

A

Move the tongue

47
Q

General function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Stiffens the tongue

48
Q

How do the fibers of the intrinsic tongue muscles run

A

Longitudinally, transversely, and vertically

49
Q

What are the two types of hypoglossal nerve injury

A

1) paralysis of extrinsic muscles

2) paralysis of ipsilateral muscles

50
Q

What happens during the paralysis of the extrinsic tongue muscles during a hypoglossal nerve injury

A

Inability to protrude the tongue

51
Q

What happens during the paralysis of the ipsilateral tongue muscles during a hypoglossal nerve injury

A

Tongue deviates towards injured side

52
Q

List the 5 constrictors of the pharynx

A

1) Pterygopharyngeus
2) Palatopharyngeus
3) Hyopharyngeus
4) Thyropharyngeus
5) Cricopharyngeus

53
Q

What is the dilator muscle of the pharynx

A

Stylopharyngeus m.

54
Q

What are the 5 general parts of the larynx

A

1) Hyoid apparatus
2) Epiglottis
3) Thyroid
4) Arytenoid
5) Cricoid

55
Q

Where does the laryngeal vestibule extend

A

From the laryngeal entrance to the vocal fold

56
Q

Another name for the glottic clef is

A

Rima glottidis

57
Q

Where is the infra glottic space

A

Between the vocal fold to the trachea

58
Q

The glottis is formed by which two structures

A

Vestibule and the glottic cleft

59
Q

Name the two laryngeal constrictors

A

1) Thyroarytenoideus
2) Cricoaytenoideus lateralis

60
Q

What are the two laryngeal dilators

A

1) Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis
2) Arytenoideus transversus

61
Q

During breathing, what happens

A

Air goes into the nasopharynx from the nasal cavity, passes through the larynx, and enters the trachea.

The arytenoid cartilages open and block the oral cavity and esophagus

The soft palate is lowered

62
Q

During swallowing, what happens

A

The food enters the oral cavity, then the oropharynx, and finally goes through the esophagus

The arytenoid cartilages close, which blocks the entrance to the trachea.

The soft palate is raised

63
Q

Describe laryngeal hemiplegia

A

Paralysis of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle, which causes: laxity in vocal fold, narrower glottis, and obstructed airways

64
Q

What is BAS and which breed is it mostly seen in

A

Brachycephalic airway syndrome; obese dogs

65
Q

Describe BAS

A

When the redundant mucous membrane tightens during swallowing, entrapping the epiglottis by the aryepiglottic fold

66
Q

How do you treat BAS

A

Axial transection of aryepiglottic fold using bistoury

67
Q

Tympanic bulla osteotomies give access to

A

The middle ear

Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions