Carbohydrate metabolism- GLYCOLYSIS

Question 0

Product of Oxidation via glycolysis

Answer 0

Pyruvate

Question 1

Storage glucose

Answer 1

Glycogen, starch, sucrose

Question 2

Product of oxidation via pentose phosphate pathway

Answer 2

Ribose 5-phosphate

Question 3

Where synthesis of structural polymers occur

Answer 3

Extracellular matrix and cell wall

Question 4

Other term for Glycolysis

Answer 4

Embden Meyerhof Pathway

Question 5

Where glycolysis occurs

Answer 5

Cytosol

Question 6

It is a catabolic pathway consisting of 10 steps

Answer 6

Glycolysis

Question 7

Products of glycolysis

Answer 7

2 ATP
2 NADH
2 Pyruvate

Question 8

2 phases of glycolysis

Answer 8

Preparatory phase

Pay off phase

Question 9

Phase where ATP is invested, expended or used

Answer 9

Preparatory phase

Steps 1-5

Question 10

Phase where ATP is synthesized

Step 6-10

Answer 10

Payoff phase

Question 11

2 types of glycolysis

Answer 11

Aerobic

Anaerobic

Question 12

Step 1:

Enzyme:

Answer 12

Phosphorylation of Glucose

Hexokinase & Glucokinase

Question 13

Addition of phosphate group wc requires energy/ATP

Answer 13

Phosphorylation

Question 14

Glucose cannot undergo glycolysis directly

Answer 14

Phosphorylation

Question 15

2 enzymes used to add phosphate group

Answer 15

Hexokinase

Glucokinase

Question 16

Enzyme that is

• inhibited by its product
• Has higher affinity to glucose
• small km
• used in skeletal muscles or other organs.

Answer 16

Hexokinase

Question 17

Enzyme that is active only after meals

Answer 17

Glucokinase

Question 18

Enzyme that is

- not inhibited by its product

Answer 18

Glucokinase

Question 19

Enzyme if glycolysis occurs in muscle cells and other organs

Answer 19

Hexokinase

Question 20

Enzyme used if glycolysis occurs in LIVER

Answer 20

Glucokinase

Question 21

Step 2:

Enzyme:

Answer 21

Conversion of Glucose 6-phosphate to Fructose 6-phosphate via PHOSPHOHEXOSE ISOMERASE

Question 22

Step that converts pyran to furan

Answer 22

Step 2

Conversion of glucose 6 phosphate to Fructose 6 phosphate

Question 23

Step: Isomerization or rearrangement of func group

Answer 23

Step 2

Conversion of glu 6 p > fruc 6 phosphate

Question 24

Step 3: | Enzyme:

Answer 24

Phosphorylation of fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1,6-biphosphate via PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE 1 (PFK-1)

Question 25

Repel negative charger of phosphate group? | Present in steps?

Answer 25

Magnesium | Step 2 & 3

Question 26

Major regulatory enzyme

Answer 26

PFK-1

Question 27

Committed step of glycolysis

Answer 27

Step 3 | Phosphorylation of Fru 6 p > Fru 1,6-biphosphate

Question 28

Enzyme that catalyzes the committed step which will be the signal that glycolysis will push through no matter what happens

Answer 28

PFK-1

Question 29

Step 4: | Enzyme:

Answer 29

Cleavage of Fructose 1,6 biphosphate by ALDOLASE

Question 30

Breaking of 6C of fruc 1,6 biphosphate to 3C

Answer 30

Step 4: cleavage of fruc 1,6 biphosphate

Question 31

Trioses cleaved in step 4

Answer 31

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate | Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate

Question 32

Type of Aldolase in humans & animals

Answer 32

Type I

Question 33

Type of aldolase in bacteria or fungi

Answer 33

Type II

Question 34

Step 5: | Enzyme:

Answer 34

Interconversion of triose phosphates | Via TRIOSE PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE

Question 35

Triose that is not allowed to enter payoff phase

Answer 35

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Question 36

How many glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate formed? | What steps?

Answer 36

2 | Step 4 & 5

Question 37

Step 6: | Enzyme:

Answer 37

Oxidation of Glyceraldehyde 3-phoshate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate by GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE

Question 38

Step accompanied by NAD ➡️ NADH

Answer 38

Step 6 | Oxidation of gly 3 p ➡️ 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate

Question 39

Forming this will ensure formation of Atp because it has the ability to carry electron (3)

Answer 39

Nadh

Question 40

2 high energy compounds

Answer 40

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate | 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate

Question 41

Step 7: | Enzyme:

Answer 41

Phosphoryl transfer from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP via PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE

Question 42

Form of ATP synthesis in Step 7

Answer 42

Substrate level of phosphorylation

Question 43

High energy phosphate Negative free energy / exergonic - has the ability to transfer its phosphoryl group to ADP

Answer 43

1,3 bisphosphoglycerate

Question 44

ADP + phosphoryl group =

Answer 44

Atp

Question 45

Step 8: | Enzyme:

Answer 45

Conversion of 3 phosphoglycerate to 2 phosphoglycerate via PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE

Question 46

Step 9: | Enzyme:

Answer 46

Dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate via ENOLASE

Question 47

2 high energy phosphate which can donate ADP

Answer 47

1,3 bisphosphoglycerate | Phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 48

Step 10: | Enzyme:

Answer 48

Transfer of phosphoryl group via PYRUVATE KINASE

Question 49

2 enzymes that catalyzes substrate level of phosphorylation in the payoff phase

Answer 49

Step 7 & 10 Enzyme 7: phosphoglycerate kinase Enzyme 10: pyruvate kinase

Question 50

3 irreversible steps in Glycolysis

Answer 50

Step 1,3,10 - hexokinase - phosphofructokinase-1 - pyruvate kinase

Question 51

End product of glycolysis:

Answer 51

Pyruvate

Question 52

2 mol of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate formed in steps

Answer 52

Step 4&5

Question 53

Preparatory phase Input of: Output of:

Answer 53

Input of 1 glucose, 2 ATP | Output of 2 glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate

Question 54

Payoff phase Input of Output of

Answer 54

Input of 1 GA 3-P | Output of 3 ATP & 1 NADH