Carboxylic Acids And Esters Flashcards
What is the functional group of a Carboxylic acid?
COOH
What main groups form a Carboxylic acid?
-carbonyl: C=O
-hydroxyl: O-H
What is the suffix for a Carboxylic acid?
-oic acid
How do we name Carboxylic acids?
carbon atom of carbonyl group is counted as start of carbon chain
What is the suffix group for the functional group attached to benzene?
-Carboxylic acid
What is the solubility of Carboxylic acids?
can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules
completely soluble from 1-4 carbons
Why do Carboxylic acids have higher melting points?
form hydrogen bonds with other Carboxylic acids in solid state-higher melting point than alkanes of similar relative molecular mass
How can we identify a Carboxylic acid?
use thiele tube
measure melting point
compare with known values of melting points
ALTERNATIVE
measure pH to see whether it is an acid or not
What is derived from a Carboxylic acid?
an ester
How is an ester formed?
hydrogen from acid OH replaced by alkyl or aryl group
What is the general formula of an ester?
RCOOR
How do we name esters?
end of name based on parent acid (ethanoic acid > ethanoate)
first part of name from alkyl/aryl group (end of chain)
What are the features of short chain esters?
fairly volatile
pleasant fruity smells
What are short chain esters used for?
-flavourings
-perfumes
-plasticisers
What is a plasticiser?
added to polymers to make them more flexible
