Fats and Oils Flashcards
What are animal fats and vegetable oils?
esters of the alcohol propane-1,2,3-triol
What is the non-systematic name for propane-1,2,3-triol?
glycerol
What state is a fat at room temperature?
solid
What state is an oil at room temperature?
liquid
What do fats and oils contain?
3 long chain carboxylic acids (3 fatty acids)
glycerol
What are fats and oils referred to as?
triglycerides
What is formed when fats and oils are hydrolysed?
mixture of glycerol and fatty acids
What conditions are required for hydrolysis of fats and oils?
acidic
What is formed when fats and oils are hydrolysed with sodium hydroxide?
glycerol
sodium salt (soaps)
Why does glycerol readily form hydrogen bonds with water?
has three O-H groups
Why is glycerol very soluble in water?
has three O-H groups which readily form hydrogen bonds
What compound is a sodium salt?
ionic compound
How is glycerol used?
prevents ointments and creams from drying out
solvent in medicines (toothpaste)
solvent in food industries (food colouring)
as a plasticiser (cellophane)
What is a plasticiser?
introduced between molecules of a polymer to make it more flexible
Why is biodiesel not 100% carbon neutral?
need for transport
