Cardiac

Question 1

Arteries & veins =

Answer 1

closed circuit

Question 2

arteries

Answer 2

take blood away from ♡

“a-away”

Question 3

Arteries bring

Answer 3

oxygen & nutrients to all of our cells of body

Question 4

Veins take

Answer 4

blood to the ♡

Question 5

4 chambers

Answer 5

ventricles on bottom

atrium on top

Question 6

Veins that bring blood back to body

Answer 6

Superior vena cava & inferior vena cava

Question 7

SV & IV cava both

Answer 7

going into R atrium
R ventricle
to lungs thru pulmonary artery

Question 8

blood thru pulmonary arteries are going to

Answer 8

get oxygenated then return to pulmonary veins

Question 9

Blood goes into Left

Answer 9

atrium-left ventricle (oxygenated blood)-then back to body thru aorta

Question 10

♡ is sending

Answer 10

blood upwards & downwards

Question 11

Values of heart

Answer 11

tricuspid valve
pulmonary valve
aortic valve

Question 12

pumping phase, contraction S1

Answer 12

Systole

Question 13

Cardiac cycle events occur in both R & L side of ♡ but

Answer 13

same events
occurs slightly later in R side
Pressure in R side is lower

Question 14

S1 happens when:

Answer 14

Ventricle pressure is increasing

mitral valve & tricuspid valve to close

Question 15

filling phase, relaxation of ventricles S2

Answer 15

Diastole

Question 16

Pressure is always

Answer 16

higher in LEFT side

need more pressure to send thru aorta to entire body

Question 17

When ventricle is empty

Answer 17

Pressure is decreased (it got rid of blood)

Question 18

When ventricle is empty

Answer 18

1. Pulmonary valve & aortic value are going to close
2. Then S2 the second sound you will hear (dub)
3. Ventricles are relaxing, blood is going to fill the ventricles

Question 19

Autonomic nervous system controls

Answer 19

rate & strength of each contraction

Question 20

The atria & ventricles work on electrical impulses”

Answer 20

always need electrical impulses to have ♡ work/contract

Question 21

Increases rate/speed

Answer 21

sympathetic (adrenergic)

Question 22

decreases (electrical impulses)

Answer 22

parasympathetic (cholinergic)

Question 23

APETM

Answer 23

1. Aorta (R sternal border 2nd ICS)
2. Pulmonary (L sternal border 2nd ICS)
3. Erb’s Point (L sternal border 3rd ICS)
4. Tricuspid (L sternal border 4th ICS)
5. Mitral (L mid clavicular line 5th ICS)

Question 24

Abnormal ♡ sounds

Answer 24

1. Dysrhythmias (called abnormalities)
2. Extra heart sounds- S3 & S4
3. Murmurs (grade, pitch, quality)

Question 25

Auscultation using diaphragm

Answer 25

i. Rate & rhythm, identify S1 & S2 separately | ii. Some sounds may flow together

Question 26

good position for apical pulse

Answer 26

L lateral recumbent

Question 27

Auscultation using bell

Answer 27

lower pitched sounds

Question 28

First ♡ sound-LUB occurs with closure of

Answer 28

two atria-ventricular (tricuspid & mitral valves) ventricles contract

Question 29

S1 closure of

Answer 29

AV valves mitral & tricuspid M1 before T1

Question 30

LUB correlates with

Answer 30

carotid pulse

Question 31

S1 is heard loudest at

Answer 31

apex (tricuspid & mitral area)

Question 32

Apex | Base

Answer 32

bottom | top

Question 33

Second ♡ sound: DUB is produced by closure of

Answer 33

aortic & pulmonary valves

Question 34

S2 closure of

Answer 34

Semilunar valves | aortic & pulmonic

Question 35

Erb's point may hear

Answer 35

more than one murmurs | hears closing up all the valves

Question 36

Caused by premature rush of blood into ventricle that is stiff or dilated from heart failure and HTN.

Answer 36

S3-ventricular gallop

Question 37

Caused by an atrial contraction pushing blood against a ventricle not accepting blood because of heart failure or other alterations.

Answer 37

S4-atrial gallop

Question 38

Extra heard sounds are best heard at the

Answer 38

apex of the heart | laying on L side

Question 39

Gentle, blowing, swooshing sound.

Answer 39

murmurs

Question 40

Velocity of blood increases

Answer 40

Exercise, thyrotoxicosis, pregnancy

Question 41

Structural defects in valves or chambers

Answer 41

Narrow valves incompetent (not closing all the way) valves wall defects dilated chambers

Question 42

A valve that does not close efficiently, results in the backflow of blood

Answer 42

insufficiency | regurgitation

Question 43

A valve that does not open wide enough may cause turbulent backflow secondary to obstruction or narrowing

Answer 43

stenosis

Question 44

Assessment position

Answer 44

a. Position client supine | b. Then head elevated at 45 degrees

Question 45

a. Is the location at which the cardiac impulse can be best palpated on the chest wall b. 5th ICS at midclavicular line

Answer 45

PMI point of maximum impulse

Question 46

What you are looking at when measuring JVD 3 things & what side are you standing on?

Answer 46

i. Highest level of pulsation ii. Venous pressure iii. Sternal angle iv. Stand on persons R side

Question 47

i. Measurement of pressure inside the vena cava ii. Indicates how much blood is flowing back into your heart iii. & how well your heart can move that blood into lungs & rest of body

Answer 47

Sign of increased central venous pressure (CVP)

Question 48

Jugular vein moves to direct path to

Answer 48

right atrium

Question 49

Homans sign

Answer 49

a. Assess for DVT | b. Rapidly dorsiflex foot/ ankle

Question 50

Normal resting Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)

Answer 50

0.9-1.3

Question 51

represents the amount of blood pumped out of the heart (left ventricle) with each beat.

Answer 51

Ejection Fraction (EF)

Question 52

The inability of the heart to circulate blood effectively enough to meet the body's metabolic needs

Answer 52

♡ Failure

Question 53

drawn after something thinks they had a heart attack (12-24 hrs afterwards)

Answer 53

CK or CK-MB

Question 54

clotting problems lab

Answer 54

PT/PTT

Question 55

myocardia infarction usually 3 hours after a heart attack

Answer 55

Troponin I

Question 56

making sure electrical function is working well

Answer 56

EKG