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Anatomy 3001 > Cardiac Circulation and Conduction System > Flashcards

Cardiac Circulation and Conduction System Flashcards

1
Q

What is conduction described like in terms of the heart?

A

Dromotropy

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2
Q

What is excitability described like in terms of the heart?

A

Bathmotropy

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3
Q

What is contractility described like in terms of the heart?

A

Inotropy

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4
Q

What is relaxation described like in terms of the heart?

A

Lusitropy

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5
Q

Where does the endocardium receive oxygen and nutrients from?

A

Directly from the chambers of the heart

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6
Q

What are the only branches of the ascending aorta called?

A

Coronary arteries

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7
Q

Where do the coronary arteries arise from?

A

Aortic sinuses

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8
Q

When do coronary arteries fill?

A

During diastole

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9
Q

What is the first branch of the right coronary artery called?

A

The SA nodal branch

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10
Q

What does the RCA travel in?

A

The coronary sulcus

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11
Q

What artery is the right (acute) marginal branch branch off from?

A

The Right Coronary Artery

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12
Q

What artery usually gives off the posterior descending/interventricular branch/artery?

A

The right coronary artery

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13
Q

What does the Left Coronary Artery divide into?

A
  • Left circumflex artery

- Left Anterior interventricular (aka LAD)

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14
Q

What artery is known as the widow maker / artery of sudden death?

A

Left anterior descending artery

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15
Q

What does the LAD supply?

A

sternocostal surface

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16
Q

Where does the LAD anastomose?

A

The apex

17
Q

What does the LAD anastamose with?

A

posterior interventricular branch of RCA

18
Q

What does the RCA and its branches supply?

A
  • Walls of RA and RV
  • SA and AV nodes
  • Posterior part of interventricular septum (proximal portion of atrioventricular bundle of His)
  • Small areas of LA and LV
19
Q

What does the LCA and its branches supply?

A
  • Walls of LA and LV

- Most of the interventricular septum including part of AV bundle

20
Q

What percentage of people have a right coronary dominance?

A

80%

21
Q

What is the term given to individuals who have both coronary arteries supplying the posterior descending artery?

A

Coronary co-dominance

22
Q

What percentage of MI’s are an occlusion of the circumflex?

A

15-20%

23
Q

What percentage of MI’s are a result of RCA occlusion

A

30-40%

24
Q

What percentage of MI’s are a result of LAD occlusion?

A

40-50%

25
Q

What vessels can be used for CABG?

A
  • Internal thoracic arteries
  • Radial artery
  • Saphenous vein
26
Q

What is coronary artery bypass grafting?

A

It diverts blood around narrowed or clogged parts of the major arteries to improve blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart.

27
Q

What percentage of venous blood from the heart enters via the coronary sinus?

A

60%

28
Q

What dermatomes can cardiac referred pain affect?

A

T1-T5

29
Q

What are the components of the conduction system?

A
  • SA
  • AV
  • Bundle His
  • Left bundle branch
  • Right bundle branch
  • Purkinje fibres
30
Q

Are the nodes of the heart microscopc or macroscopic?

A

Microscopic

31
Q

What nerves increase HR and force?

A

Presynaptic sympathetic fibres which travel in T1-5(6) spinal nerves

32
Q

Where can the cardioacceleratory and cardioinhibitory centres be found?

A

Medullary reticular formation

33
Q

Where can the deep cardiac plexus be found in relation to the great vessels?

A
  • Inferior to aortic arch

- Adjacent to the bifurication of both the pulmonary trunk and trachea

34
Q

What vein(s) drain into the the RA directly?

A

Anterior cardiac veins

35
Q

What is the great cardiac vein also known as?

A

The anterior interventricular branch

36
Q

What vein accompanies the right marginal branch?

A

The small cardiac vein

Anatomy 3001 (14 decks)

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