Cardio Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
Acetazolamide
A
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Oral preparation
2
Q
Dichlorphenamide
A
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Oral preparation
3
Q
Methazolamide
A
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Oral preparation
4
Q
Brinzolamide
A
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Opthalmic preparation
5
Q
Dorzolamide
A
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Opthalmic preparation
6
Q
Bumetanide
A
Loop diuretic
7
Q
Furosemide
A
Loop diuretic
8
Q
Ethacrynic acid
A
Loop diuretic
9
Q
Torsemide
A
Loop diuretic
10
Q
Amiloride
A
Potassium-sparing diuretic
11
Q
Eplerenone
A
Potassium-sparing diuretic
12
Q
Spironolactone
A
Potassium-sparing diuretic
13
Q
Triamterene
A
Potassium-sparing diuretic
14
Q
Mannitol
A
Osmotic diuretic
15
Q
Bendroflumethiazide
A
Thiazide diuretic
16
Q
Chlorothiazide
A
Thiazide diuretic
17
Q
Hydrochlorothiazide
A
Thiazide diuretic
18
Q
Indapamide
A
Thiazide diuretic
19
Q
Methylclothiazide
A
Thiazide diuretic
20
Q
Metolazone
A
Thiazide diuretic
21
Q
Polythiazide
A
Thiazide diuretic
22
Q
Quinethazone
A
Thiazide diuretic
23
Q
Trichlormethiazide
A
Thiazide diuretic
24
Q
Conivaptan
A
ADH antagonist
25
Tolvapton
ADH antagonist
26
-pril
ACE inhibitor
27
-sartan
Angiotensin receptor antagonist
28
Aliskiren
Renin inhibitor
29
Bosentan
Endothelin receptor antagonist
30
Aprepitant
Neurokinin-1 receptor antagnonist
31
Desopressin
Vasopressin agonist
32
Verapamil
Calcium channel blocker
Non dihydropyridine
Strongest cardiac effects
33
Diltiazem
Calcium channel blocker
Non dihydropyridine
Intermediate cardiac and vasodilator effects
34
Amlodipine
Calcium channel blocker
| Dihydropyridine
35
Felodipine
Calcium channel blocker
| Dihydropyridine
36
Isradipine
Calcium channel blocker
| Dihydropyridine
37
Nicardipine
Calcium channel blocker
Dihydropyridine
Used for emergent HTN
38
Nifedipine
Calcium channel blocker
| Dihydropyridine
39
Nimodipine
Calcium channel blocker
| Dihydropyridine
40
Nisoldipine
Calcium channel blocker
| Dihydropyridine
41
Nadolol
Non-selective beta blocker
42
Pendutolol
Non-selective beta blocker
43
Pindolol
Non-selective beta blocker
44
Propranolol
Non-selective beta blocker
45
Timolol
Non-selective beta blocker
46
Acebutolol
Beta1 selective beta blocker
47
Atenolol
Beta1 selective beta blocker
48
Bisoprolol
Beta1 selective beta blocker
49
Esmolol
Beta1 selective beta blocker
| IV, short half life
50
Metroprolol
Beta1 selective beta blocker
51
Carteolol
Beta blocker
| NO production
52
Carvedilol
Beta blocker
| Alpha1 antagonist, blocks Ca2+ entry
53
Labetalol
Beta blocker
| Alpha1 antagonist
54
Betaxolol
Beta1 specific blocker
| Blocks Ca2+ entry
55
Nebivolol
Beta1 selective blocker
| NO production
56
Nitroprusside
Vasodilator
| NO release
57
Hydralazine
Vasodilator
| NO release
58
Minoxidil
Vasodilator
| Opens potassium channels, hyperpolarizes smooth muscle
59
Diazoxide
Vasodilator
| Opens potassium channels, hyperpolarizes smooth muscle
60
Fenoldopam
Vasodilator
| Activates dopamine receptors
61
Amyl nitrate
Organic nitrate
62
Isosorbide mononitrate
Organic nitrate
63
isosorbide dinitrate
Organic nitrate
64
Ranolazine
Reduces intracellular calcium concentration and reduces cardiac contractility and work
65
Digoxin
Increases intracellular sodium and calcium
| Increases parasympathetic tone to heart
66
Inamrinone
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
| Inactive cAMP and cGMP
67
Milrinone
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
| Inactive cAMP and cGMP
68
Dobutamine
B1 agonist
69
Procainamide
Class IA antiarrhythmic
| Lupus like syndrome
70
Quinidine
Class IA antiarrhythmic
Can cause cinchonism (headache, dizziness, tinnitus)
Watch for digoxin interaction
71
Disopyramide
Class IA antiarrhythmic
| More anti muscarinic effects (HR increase)
72
Lidocaine
Class IB antiarrhythmic
Least cardiotoxic Class I
Used for ischemia or digoxin toxicity, not AFib
73
Mexiledine
Class IB antiarrhythmic
| Lidocaine analog, effective orally
74
Flecainide
Class IC antiarrhythmic
| Increased mortality in patients with recent MI
75
Propafenone
Class IC antiarrhythmic
Increased mortality in patients with recent MI
weak beta blocking activity
76
Moricizine
Class IC antiarrhythmic
| Increased mortality in patients with recent MI
77
Amiodarone
Class III antiarrhythmic
| Many side effects
78
Dronedarone
Class III antiarrhythmic
analog of amiodarone but no iodines
Liver toxicity
79
Vernakalant
Multi-channel blocker
80
Sotalol
Class III antiarrhythmic
Non selective beta blocker that prolongs APD
Risk of torsade de pointes
81
Dofetilide
Class III antiarrhythmic
82
Ibutilide
Class III antiarrhythmic
83
Adenosine
Antiarrhythmic
Effects AV node over SA node
Treats paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
84
Magnesium
Antiarrhythmic
Prevents torsades de pointes
Treats digoxin-induced arrhythmias
85
Familial hypertriglyceridemia
High triglycerides
| Tx with Fibrates
86
Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency
High triglycerides
87
ApoCII deficiency
High triglycerides
88
Familial hypercholesterolemia
High cholesterol
Defect in LDL-receptor
Responds well to statins
89
Familial defective apoB100
High cholesterol
Mutaion in apoB100, decreased affinity to LDL receptor
Responds well to statins and niacin
90
Familial combined hyperlipidemia
Complex lipid panel
| Tx with statins, combine with fibrates as needed
91
Dysbetalipoproteinemia
Defects in apoE
Increased chylomicrons and IDL-like particles
Tx with decrease fat and cholesterol intake, niacin and fibrates
92
Statins
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
| Lowers LDL
93
Niacin
Lowers LDL, elevates HDL
94
Gemfibrozil
Fibrate
| Activate hepatic PPAR-a, decrease plasma triglycerides
95
Lovaza
```
Omega-3 fatty acid
Reduces triglycerides (activate PPARa)
```
96
Colestipol
Bile acid binding resin
Lowers LDL by 20%
No systemic effects (not absorbed)
97
Cholestyramine
Bile acid binding resin
Lowers LDL by 20%
No systemic effects (not absorbed)
98
Colesevelam
Bile acid binding resin
Lowers LDL by 20%
No systemic effects (not absorbed)
99
Ezetimibe
Inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol and phytosterols
100
Simcor
Extended release niacin plus simvastatin
101
Vytorin
ezetimibe plus simvastatin
