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buzzywords > cardio buzzywords > Flashcards

cardio buzzywords Flashcards

1
Q

Patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward

A

pericarditis

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2
Q

irregularly irregular pulse

A

Afib

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3
Q

saw tooth baseline + 150 bpm

A

atrial flutter

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4
Q

raised JVP

A

right-sided heart failure

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5
Q

sense of impending doom

A

MI

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6
Q

saddle shaped ST elevation

A

pericarditis

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7
Q

broad complex tachycardia

A

ventricular problems

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8
Q

Mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping, undisplaced apex →

A

Mitral Stenosis

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9
Q

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave) →

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

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10
Q

tall, tented T waves

A

hyperkalaemia

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11
Q

blurred yellowing vision headache

A

digoxin poisoning

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12
Q

Janeway Lesions/Osler’s Nodes →

A

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

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13
Q

Continuous Machine like Heart Murmur →

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

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14
Q

Rib Notching on CXR →

A

Coarctation of the aorta

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15
Q

Crescendo decrescendo murmur →

A

Aortic Stenosis

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16
Q

Diminished absent lower limb pulses →

A

Coarctation of the aorta

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17
Q

side effect of ACEI-

A

dry cough, Contraindicated in Renal artery stenosis

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18
Q

radial- radial delay –

A

aortic dissection(tear in wall of aorta)/coarctation of aorta

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19
Q

collapsing pulse –

A

aortic regurgitation

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20
Q

slow rising pulse –

A

aortic stenosis

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21
Q

Atrial myxoma

A
  • a noncancerous tumour in the upper left or right side of the heart; most often grows on the wall that separates the two sides of the heart.
22
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

collection of blood/fluid/pus/clots/gas around the heart/pericardial space that prevents contractions.

Medical emergency.

23
Q

treatment of pericarditis

A

pain relief; NSAIDs

24
Q

wide pulse pressure

A

aortic regurgitation, aortic dissection, complete heart block, thyrotoxicosis, persistent doctor arterioles

25
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A

a congenital heart disease with these mainfeatures;

a large ventricular septal defect (this allows the pressures in the two ventricles to become equal),

overriding aorta,

right ventricular outflow obstruction (causes pulmonary stenosis) and

right ventricular hypertrophy

26
Q

Acute limb ischaemia-

A

Pale,
Pulseless,
Painful,
Paralysed,
Paraesthetic,
Perishingly cold

27
Q

Sudden tearing/ripping chest pain, radiates to back

A

aortic dissection

28
Q

Malar flush, atrial fibrillation

A

mitral stenosis

29
Q

soft S1

A

mitral regurgitation

30
Q

Soft S2

A

aortic stenosis

31
Q

Mitral stenosis caused by CRAP

A

congenital, rheumatic and prosthetic valve

32
Q

Mitral stenosis =

A

mid-diastolic rumbling murmur

33
Q

Large ‘v’ wave/ raised JVP =

A

tricuspid regurgitation

34
Q

left sided heart failure MAT CAT

A

mitral regurgitation
apex displaces
tachycardia

crackles bilateral abd basal
auscultation 3rd heart sound, tachypnoea

35
Q

Wenckebach’s phenomenon (heart block) with MI→

A

temporary cardiac pacing alongside PCI

36
Q

left side systemic circulation murmurs loudest on

A

expiration

37
Q

Right side pulmonary circulation murmurs loudest on

A

inspiration

38
Q

Bicuspid valve-→

A

aortic stenosis

39
Q

describe S1

A
  • closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
  • soft if long PR or mitral regurgitation
  • loud in mitral stenosis, anaemia, thin patients
40
Q

describe S2

A
  • closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
  • soft in mild aortic stenosis, louder the more severe
  • splitting during inspiration is normal
41
Q

describe S3

A
  • caused by diastolic filling of the ventricle
  • considered normal if < 30 years old (may persist in women up to 50 years old)
  • heard in left ventricular failure (e.g. dilated cardiomyopathy), constrictive
    pericarditis (called a pericardial knock) and mitral regurgitation
42
Q

describe S4

A
  • may be heard in aortic stenosis, HOCM, hypertension
  • caused by atrial contraction against a stiff ventricle
  • in HOCM a double apical impulse may be felt as a result of a palpable S4
43
Q

PMHx of rheumatic fever –

A

Mitral stenosis

44
Q

Alcohol/dilated cardiomyopathy→

A

pan-systolic murmur (mitral regurgitation)

45
Q

Strawberry milkshake coloured blood –

A

hyperlipidaemia

46
Q

Herpes zoster virus (shingles) –

A

dermatone level – T4/T5

47
Q

what does the right coronary artery supply

A

SA node

48
Q

great saphenous =

A

longest vein in the body

49
Q

how does clopidogrel work

A

works through P2Y12 receptor by disulphide bond

50
Q

Afib rate control

A

BCD

beta blockers
calcium channel blockers
digoxin

long term anti-coagulation =
Warfarin, DOAC

buzzywords (22 decks)

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