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Q3 > Cardio Pharm > Flashcards

Cardio Pharm Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Quinidine

A

1A Sodium, increase QT

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2
Q

Lidocaine

A

1B (sodium blocker) weak

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3
Q

Flecainide

A

1C (sodium blocker) strong Increase PR, Increase QRS

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4
Q

Propranolol

A

II (beta blocker) increase PR, decrease heart rate

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5
Q

Dofetilide

A

III, Potassium increase QT

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6
Q

Verapamil

A

IV calcium

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7
Q

Thiazides

A

Diuretic

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8
Q

Spironolactone

A

Aldosterone antagonist, potassium sparing diuretic; Adverse gynecomastia

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9
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Diuretic, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

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10
Q

Adenosine

A

Antiarrhythmic, given as a bolus, used for termination of supraventricular tachycardia

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11
Q

Aliskiren

A

Direct Renin ihibitor for use in hypertension

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12
Q

Amiloride

A

Potassium sparing diuretic, prevention and treatment of hypokalemia, often coupled with diuretic or loop-acting diuretic. (adverse can cause hyperkalemia)

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13
Q

Amiodarone

A

Antiarrhythmic, Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias including v-fib and v-tachycardia. Very long half-life (several weeks). Can cause pulmonary fibrosis, blue-gray skin, photosensitivity

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14
Q

Amlodipine

A

Dihydropyridine Ca+ channel blocker; for hypertension and angina pectoris, long half-life, can cause hypotension.

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15
Q

Carvedilol

A

Blocks b1, b2 and a1 receptors for use in heart failure.

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16
Q

Clonidine

A

alpha2 agonist, used for emergency HTN under limited situations; does not decrease renal blood flow.

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17
Q

conivaptan

A

diuretic (vasopressin antagonist)

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18
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac stimulant; Use for HF; use to slow ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation

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19
Q

Diltiazem

A

Vasodilator, Non-dihydropyridine Ca+ channel blocker; used to treat HTN, angina pectoris; supra ventricular tachycardia

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20
Q

Dofetilide

A

III ; K+ channel blocker, used to prevent and treat atrial fibrillation and flutter; can cause tornadoes de points

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21
Q

Enalapril

A

Antihypertensive, ACEi; use for HTN, HF, post MI infarction,inhibits bradykinin degradation

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22
Q

Esmolol

A

B1 blocker (II)

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23
Q

Fenoldopam

A

Agonist at D1 receptors; rapid acting, hypertensive emergencies (IV administration) causes arteriolar vasodilation, including afferent and efferent renal arterioles, increases renal blood flow.

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24
Q

Furosemide

A

LaSIX, Loop diuretic, use for edema, HF, HTN, Hypercalcemia.

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25
Hydralazine
Vasodilator, HF, relaxes arteriolar smooth muscles; Usually used with beta blockers and diuretic to prevent tachycardia and fluid retention.
26
Hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretic, for HTN, good for kidney stones, causes hypokalemia
27
Labetalol
alpha and beta blocker, antiHTN; oral administration
28
Mannitol
Diuretic, osmotic agent, IV administration
29
alpha-Methyldopa
a2 agonist, for HTN can be used during pregnancy
30
Minoxidil
AntiHTN, hair growth stimulant, vasodilator, K+ channel opener in vascular smooth muscle, muscle relation, to treat sever hypertension and topical treatment of alopecia
31
Nesiritide
Recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide, for HF
32
Nitroglycerin
Antianginal agent, vasodilator increases coronary blood flow and decreases oxygen demand; sublingual or lingual for acute, short half-life
33
Nitroprusside
Vasodilator, relaxes venous and arteriolar smooth muscle and decreases BP and cardiac preload and after load. Use in a hypertensive crisis; Used in cardiogenic shock
34
Propafenone
IC, Na+ channel blocker, Supraventricular tachycardia, a-fib, v-arrhythmia
35
Quinidine
IA, Sodium channel blocker, Supraventricular and v-arrhythmias
36
Ranolazine
Selective Na+ channel blocker, abtianginal and anti-ischemic agent
37
Sotalol
III Potassium channel blocker
38
Valsartan
ARBs, for HTN, HF, cause less than ACEi
39
Verapamil
Non-dihydropyridine Ca+ channel blocker in the heart; HTN, angina, supra ventricular tachycardia,
40
Aspirin
Acetylsalicylic acid; anti-platelet drug; non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor
41
Atorvastatin
Lipitor; can cause myalgias
42
Atenolol
B1 antagonist > B2
43
Atropine
Muscarinic AchR antagonist; Use for bradycardia and AV block, increases heart rate and conduction velocity, causes smooth muscle relaxation; mydriasis and cycloplegia: SIDE EFFECTS: Hot as a hare, dry as bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter. Jimson weed!
44
Dobutamine
b1 > b2 >> a1 ; increases cardiac contractility and cardiac output > heart rate; use in acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock
45
Epinephrine
beta > alpha ; use in cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, asthma
46
Edrophonium
Cholinestarase inhibitor; Used to diagnose myasthenia gravis (slow) Short acting
47
Phenylbenzamine
irreversible alpha antagonist (vasodilator)
48
Phentolamine
nonselecive alpha antagonist (vasodilator) reversible
49
Phenylephrine
a1 > a2 agonist; Vasoconstrictor; nasal and ocular decongestant, dilation of pupil (EPINEPHRINE REVERSAL with alpha blocker)
50
Pilocarpine
Muscarinic Ach agonist, treatment of glaucoma by increasing aqueous humor outflow, increases salivation; Useful for tx Sjogren's syndrome (arthritis, dry eyes, dry mouth)
51
Propranolol
nonselective beta antagonist (b1 and b2); decreases HR, CO, BP, Myocardial oxygen demand
52
Pseudoephedrine
decongestant;increases release of NE.
53
Pyridostigmine
Antimyasthenic agent, cholinestase inhibitor; Ach agonist
54
Sildenafil
Vasodilator, PDE inhibitor, increases vasodilation in corpus cavernosusm, for erectile dysfunction, bad serum levels increased by P450
55
Succinylcholine
Paralytic agent, binds nicotinic receptors causing persistant depolarization
56
Methacholine
Challenge test for diagnosing asthma. Stimulates muscarinic receptors when inhaled.
57
Carbachol
Carbon copy of Ach
58
Bethanechol
Ach, Resistant to AchE; "Bethany chol me to activate your bowels and bladder.
59
Pilocarpine
Ach, Resistant to AchE "you can cry, drool, and sweat on your pilocarpine"
60
Neostigmine
Inhibits AchE
61
Parathion
Organophosphate (inhibits AchE) thereby increasing Ach; causes diarrhea, urination, mitosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, Lacrimation, Sweating, and Salivation.
62
Ipratropium
Muscarinic antagonist; tx COPD and Asthma " I pray I can breathe soon"
63
Tiotropium
Muscarinic antagonist: Tx of COPD and Asthma "Tio I pray tropium I can breath soon with this medication"
64
Cocaine
Prevents reuptake of NE
65
Amphetamine
promotes release of NE and also prevents reuptake of NE
66
Tetrodotoxin
Bind Na+ channels in heart and nerves, block action potentials. s
67
Albuterol
b2 > b1 agonist; for acute asthma
68
Salmeterol
b2 > b1 agonist; long-term treatment for asthma or COPD control
69
Dopamine
D1=D2 > beta > alpha; for unstable bradycardia
70
Isoproterenol
b1= b2
71
Norepinephrine
a1 > a2 > b1 agonist; Tx hypotension but decreases renal perfusion
72
Ephedrine
Releases stored Catecholamines (NE, Epinephrine); useful for nasal decongestion, hypotension
73
Mirtazapine
a2 blocker used to treat depression

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