Cardio Vascular System L5

Question 1

define Heart rate and give its resting values

Answer 1

Number of beats per minute

72 beats per minute

Question 2

Define stroke volume and give its resting value

Answer 2

Amount of blood pumped out of the hear per beat

70ml

Question 3

Define cardiac output and give its resting values

Answer 3

Amount of blood pumped out the heart per minute

5L of blood

Question 4

Anticipatory rise

Answer 4

If our body anticipates exercise then we experience and increase in heart rate.

This happens by adrenaline being released and acting in the SA node to increase heart rate.

Question 5

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 5

Increases heart rate / Increase in acidity of blood

Chemoreceptors detect change ➡️ sent to ccc

➡️Sends impulse to the sa node

Impulse is sent to the cardiac accelerator

Question 6

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 6

Decreases heart rate / decreases in acidity of blood

Chemoreceptors detect change and information is sent to the ccc

Sends impulse to the parasympathetic vegas nerve

Question 7

Stoker volume increase because Venous return…

Answer 7

Venous return is the amount of blood returning to the heart.

Increases during exercise meaning more blood enters the heart stretching it.

Now when it contracts more blood is pumped out.

Question 8

Starlings law

Answer 8

When Venus return increases the sv node also increase

Question 9

How is cardiac output calculated

Answer 9

Stroke volume X heart rate = cardiac output

Question 10

Define blood pressure

Answer 10

Pressure blood exerts on the walls of the arteries

Question 11

Define Systolic pressure

Answer 11

Systole (contraction) pressure of the blood on the artery walls when the heart has contracted.

Question 12

Define Diastolic pressure

Answer 12

Pressure the blood exerts in the walls of the arteries.

Question 13

Measurements

Answer 13

Blood pressure = systolic / diastolic

Average values = 120/80

Unit of measure: mmhg

Question 14

Redirection of blood flow

Vascular shunt

Answer 14

When we exercise muscles require more blood supply for muscular contraction.

To cope with demand blood is redirected from other parts of the body that are not involved in exercise such as kidneys, stomach and intestines.

Question 15

Vasoconstriction

Answer 15

Arterioles supplying the digestive system the blood is redirected

Question 16

Vasodilation

Answer 16

Arterioles supply blood to the muscles,skin, heart, vasodilation to increase blood flow

Question 17

Chemoreceptors

Answer 17

Detect change in the blood impulse is sent to the vmc in the medulla oblongata