Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MRCP2 > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Check MS severity?

A

(1) Decrease A2 - OS interval,
(2) parasternal heave
(3) Soft S1
(4) Loud P2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

HTN Enceph Rx

A

Na nitropruside/Labetalol
2nd line
Nicardipine/Diltiazem (IV CCB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drugs causing torsade-de-pointe ?

A

anti-Arrhythmic (Amiodarone, Flecainide, Quinidine)
anti-Biotic (macrolides)
anti-Cycotic (haloperidol)
anti-Convulsant (Cabamazepine)
anti-Depressant (TCA)
anti-Emetic (Onset)
anti-Fungal (Ketoconazole)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if AF evolve into Atrial Flutter
Medical Rx ?

A

Flecainide
Propafenone
(both Class IC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE)
medical Mx ?

A

high Conc Oxygen
Nifedepine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

High altitude cerebral edema (HACE)
Medical Mx ?

A

Dexa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

acute mountain sickness
prophylaxis ?

A

acclimatisation > acetazolamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

African-Caribbean
HTN Rx
CCB not effective.
Next step ?

A

Thiazide-like diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

C/I of PTMC ?

A
  1. Moderate to severe MR
  2. Left atrial thrombus
  3. heavily calcified MV
  4. concomitent coronary artery or other valve disease requiring surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ICD
reason to use ?
(rather Pacemaker)

A

Mx myotonic dystrophy
as some patients may have runs of tachyarrhythmia that require a shock to convert back to sinus rhythm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symptomatic Trifasicular block with moderate AS
Rx ?

A

PPM
(Not TAVI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Suspected Chronic stable angina
Next best step in Dx?

A

CT angio
(Coro Angio - 3rd line)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Peripheral arterial dz
LDL Target ?

A

< 1.8
(if not high or very high CV risk then < 3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CHADS2VASc
points ?
Hx of AF - evaluate stroke risk

A

CHF 1
HTN 1
Age > 75 2
DM 1
H/o Stroke/TIA 2
Vascular Dz 1
age 65 - 74 1
sex (female) 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ACE-I
indications ?

A

*Mx:
HTN
*Prevent:
DM nephropathy
CHF
Prophylaxis of CV events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

indications of PPM:

A

1) 3rd degree AV block
2) symptoamtic wenckebach
3) asymptomatic type2 second degree AV block
4) pauses > 3 sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HOCM
Mx ?
Drugs C/I ?

A

*Beta-blockers
*ICD - Mx ventricular arrhythmia
*cardiac myomectomy when outflow gradient > 50 or not responding to beta blockers
C/I: Nitrate, caution with Diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Colonic resection - Infective endocarditis. cause ?

A

bacteroides fragilis
S. bovis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Idiopathic long QT syn
(symptomatic/asymptomatic)
(N = 0.35 - 0.43 Sec)

A

1) atenolol 50mg OD
2) Dual chamber pacemaker - Rx long QT syn type3
3) ICD - very high risk patients with beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pacemaker syn:

A

upgrade from VVIR to DDDR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Digoxin toxicity causing VT
Rx ?

Study These Flashcards
A

digibind
(DC cardioversion less successful)
if BP > 100 - Lidocaine IV. other option phenytoin IV

22
Q

VSR
Dx ?
Rx ?

Study These Flashcards
A

5 - 10 days post-MI (rapid deterioration, pulm edema, hypoTN)
harsh pansystolic murmur at left sternal edge
if BP > 100 try vasodilator therapy
if unstable try IABP

23
Q

PPH Pregnancy
Mx ?
Prevention ?

Study These Flashcards
A

*anti-coagulation.
*oxygen
*pulmonary vasodilator therapy (prostacycline)
(Bosentan - teratogenic)
*avoid pregnancy but no OCPs

24
Q

Brugada syn
Rx ?

25
PFO Dx ? ASD Association ?
oxygen sat step-up in saturations b/w vena cava and RA. ASD - migraine in some patients
26
Becker's Dx ?
Dystrophin gene defect much milder weakness than Duchene & present in teen age. pts present with heart failure s/t DCM rather proximal muscle weakness.
27
HOCM Dx ? ECG findings ?
family H/O sudden cardiac death lateral displaced Apex beat ejection systolic murmur ECG: RAD/LAD, RBBB, PR prolongation, non-specific T wave abnormalities in anterior leads
28
P mitrale causes ?
LA enlargement MS, MR, HTN etc
29
P pulmonale Causes ?
RA enlargement PS increase PA pressure
30
Giant a wave cause ? congenital cardiac defects in Down syn ?
impaired RA emptying - associated with TS, PS Down syn: ASD/TOF
31
VSD Physical exam finding ?
systolic thrill along left sternal edge machinery-like murmur over 3rd/4th ICS
32
ASD Dx ? associations ?
Dx = adult (20-28), 1/3 all adult congenital heart dz. pt often present with Afib Fixed splitting S2 (Ascultation) with mid-systolic murmur loudest in pulmonary area. ECG - RBBB .................... association: Pulm HTN Atrial arrhythmias
33
ICD indication ?
scar tissue (recent post-MI) related ventricular arrhythmia esp with LV dysfunction *as we are not aware of LV status and ECG morphology, so CRT criteria can't be commented. ICD > Amiodarone (prognosis)
34
PPCM during pregnancy Rx ? post-Pregnancy?
Rx: sodium restriction, diuretics, digoxin and after-load reducing agents Anti-coagulation with heparin (thrombo-embolism risk reduction) add beta-blockers only after volume status is optimise. add ACE-i (post-pregnancy)
35
Non-sustained VT Rx ? causes ?
manage K+/Mg++ replacement amiodarone/lignocaine - next option causes: Sympathomimetics, TCA, digoxin, aminophylline, caffeine.
36
Iatrogenic AV fistula Dx ? Rx ?
CVP catheterization - fistula b/w IVC and iliac artery - increase Right sided pressure. Rx - stent repair. AV malformation - similar increase right sided pressure
37
IE post extensive trauma cause ? Rx ?
staph Rx - flucloxacillin (wrong answer - benzyl penicillin + Genta)
38
Chronic AR Surgery indications ?
1) Asymptomatic with Resting EF < 50 with severe LV dilatation LVESD > 50 2) Symptomatic pts regardless of EF/LV dimension.
39
2 episodes of bradycardia with HR 30, P wave unrelated with QRS symptoms coincide with ECG changes. Dx ? Rx ?
Symptomatic 3rd degree heart block Rx: PPM
40
1st episode of Afib with Normal ECHO. Plan for anti-coagulation ?
1st 24 hr safest time - cardioversion 1/3 pts back to afib within 1month Anti-coagulation: initially LMWH with warfarin 1month. if sinus rhythm at 1 month, stop all medications.
41
Digoxin use in ER ?
long half life (36-48hrs), high volume of distribution. need loading dose 250mcg IV
42
Rheumatic fever Jones Criteria
Major Criteria (JONES) J - Joint (migratory polyarthritis) Carditis N - Nodules on Skin (subcutaneous) E - Erythema marginatum S - Sydenham Chorea ............................................ Minor Criteria Arthralgia Previous Rheumatic fever Increase PR interval Increase ESR/CRP Increase Temp
43
Early repolarization ECG ?
Sinus rhythm 2mm concave ST elevation in V2 - V5 J point notching Peaked T waves
44
AFib ECHO normal Rx ?
Flecainide (1C Agent)
45
Dressler syn Dx ? Rx ?
1 - 6 weeks post-MI fever, pleuritis, pericarditis Rx - Aspirin and steroids
46
Idiopathic PPH Dx ? Rx ?
No identified cause of PPH ECG Suggestive: RVH Rx: CCB, anti-coagulation, nebulised prostacycline
47
Chronic pulmonary Embolic
risk factors for venous thromboembolism s/s of DVT
48
RCA occlusion association with RA/RV ?
IWMI - RV MI, may cause acute TR due to RV dilatation.
49
Coarctation of Aorta Dx ?
Associated with Turner syn Continuous or late systolic murmur (loudest in thoracic spine) with radio-femoral delay. Dx = ECHO alongwith MR angio would be appropriate radio invx. CT angio useful adjunct to echo but not definitive Invx. Invx: 4limbs BP, Echo, ECG, CXR (scalloping of posterior ribs)
50

MRCP2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions