Sep 2023 Flashcards by Ali Abbas

Theophylline Toxicity S/S

HypoK+
Nausea
Muscle weakness
Quinolones & Macrolides reduce clearance - Toxicity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

IIH Rx

Acetazolamide
Weight loss
2nd line: Topiramate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Finasteride M.O.A.

5-alpha reductase Inhibitor
Reduce DHT

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Gout flare Rx in CKD ?

Steroids (short course)
Colchicine C/I
NSAIDs C/I

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lower UTI (Females) Rx ?

Fosphomycin 3 Gram Stat
Meronum (Severe Infection)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Trimethoprim Use ?

Uncomplicated UTI (sensitivity known)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Glycogen storage Dz (type 5)
Mcardle’s disease ?

Aerobic/weight lifting causes rhybdomyolysis
abnormal dark urine
(myoglobinuria)
High CK

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Uncontrolled HTN (post pregnancy) Dx:

H/O pre-eclampsia
(headache, HTN, seizues)
CT brain: multiple areas of white matter inattenuation (esp posterior lobe)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Etyhlene Glycol ABGs:

High anion gap metabolic acidosis.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Normal anion gap cause?

Increase HCO3 loss (GI/Kidney)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Familial hypercholesterolemia Dx ?

“Chol > 7.5”
“LDL > 4.9”
“Xanthoma” in pt or 1st/2nd degree relative
DNA Evidence of genetic defect

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Venous ulcer lower limb Rx ?

Tripple layer bandaging
if ABPI < 0.8 (Refer to vascular surgeon)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Granulomatosis with polyangitis
(Wegner’s) Dx ?

cANCA (+)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Metastatic Malignant melanoma Rx ?

Nivolumab

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

RPGN causes ?

Goodpasteur syn
Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegner’s)
Microscopic polyangitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

CIDP Dx and Rx ?

Dx:
(1) Symmetrical upper and lower limb weakness
(2) less severe sensory symptoms
Rx:
(1) steroids & IVIG
(2) (azathioprine steroid sparing)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

CD maintenance therapy ?

Azathioprine
other 1st line: Mercaptopurine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pseudohyponatremia Dx ?

Marked increase TG
alongwith hypoNa+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypothyroid associated HypoNa+
Dx ?

Confusion
Drowsiness
relative bradycardia
Raise TG/Chol
HypoNa+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Water Deprivation test
Indication ?

To Dx
DI (hyperNa+)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SIADH
Dx ?

(1) Na+ (Low)
(2) S/osmolarity (low)
Next step ???
Urine Osmolarity
Urinary Na+ (low in Polydipsia)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Toxoplasmosis MRI ?

Increase intensity in occipital lobe

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PML MRI ?

Multiple high intensity focal lesions
(periventricular & subcortical)
*Memory loss

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Urge incontinence
Rx ?

(1) Life style / bladder training
(2) Anti-cholinergic (Oxybutynin/tolteradine)

TTP Rx ?

Plasma exchange

Parkinon's Dx in young age Rx ?

Ropinarole (few motor fluctuations)

Aspirin overdose (less than 1hr) Rx ?

Activated charcoal (125 - 500 mg/kg) Gastric lavage (> 500 mg/kg)

hidradenitis suppurativa Dx ? Rx ?

Dx: Nodules and pus discharge in axilla Rx: Clindamycin (Topical) Doxycycline (PO)

Yersenia Enterocolitica Dx ? Rx ?

Dx: Undercooked meat, fever, muscle pain, diarrhea, pain abdomen Rx: TMP-SMX

Gaucher's dz: Dx ? Rx ?

Foam cells Imiglucerase

DM medication that reduce Kidney stone formation ?

Empa

SU abuse causing Hypoglycemia Dx ?

Urine SU level

Odontoid neck fracture Dx ? (Known case of ankylosing spondylitis)

X-rays neck

Cervical Spondylosis Dx ?

age related ppt by RTA leads to Neck pain/nerve injury - pressure on C7 nerve root (loss of sensation)

cervical myelopathy Dx ?

spinal cord compression in neck leads to B/L symptoms (loss of motor skills)

Latent TB Dx ?

CXR - Normal Mantoux test (+) Next step ? Quantiferon test

Peritoneal Dialysis peritonitis Rx ?

Vanco (gram + cover) Meronum (gram - cover) both intra-peritoneal

MM Dx ?

Collapse of multiple vertebrae Immunoglobulin electrophoresis

Primary membraneous GN (nephrotic syn) auto-antibodies ?

Phospholipase A2 receptor Ab

Retinitis pigmentosa Dx ?

B/L peripheral loss of vision (tunnel vision) Night blindness

DKA Mx ?

IV sodium chloride Fixed-rate insulin infusion 0.1U/kg/Hr (add 10% dextrose once glucose < 14mmol/L)

Deranged RFTs in weeks (3months post renal transplant) cause?

macrolides (like clarithromycin) increase ciclosporin exposure - renal damage rapidly

cat scratch Dz Cause ? Rx ?

bartonella henselae Azithro

starting ACE-i how much reduce GFR is expected in 1 week post use ?

25%

DVT in young female Increase APTT Anti-cardiolipin Ab (--) Dx ?

Anti-beta2 glycoprotein 1 Ab (+) cause of Anti-phospholipid Ab syn

Pons stroke features ?

ipsilateral facial/abducent N palsy contra-lateral body motor loss

Hemochromatosis Rx (1st line vs 2nd line) ?

1st line: Venesection 2nd line:desferrioxamine

renal transplant patient induction of immunosuppression ?

Basiliximab (IL-2 monoclonal Ab)

Alzheimer's Dz Rx ? Initial Rx vs where failed to achieve impact ?

Donapezil Rivastigmine Galantamine .................... Manatine (next step from acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

Tertiary hyperparathyroidism Dx ?

Creat - High Phosphate - High PTH - High Ca - High slightly

Keratocanthoma Rx ?

surgical Excision (indistinguish from squamous cell CA)

Tocilizumab

Anti-IL6

Rituxmab

Anti-CD20

Ustekinumab

anti-IL10

Graves Dz Dx ?

Isotope scan - diffuse symmetrical uptake

SVC Syn short term Rx ?

Dexa

Moluscum contagiosum Dx ? Rx ?

Pox virus (share towel hotel) Podophyllotoxin

Carbamazepine toxicity d/t diltiazem use. cause ?

CYP34A inhibition