Cardiology

Question 1

List the risk factors associated with asystole in the patient presenting with bradycardia

Even if there is a satisfactory response to atropine specialist help is

Answer 1

1. Complete heart block with broad complex QRS
2. Recent asystole
3. Mobitz type II AV block
4. Ventricular pause > 3 seconds

According to UK resus guidelines 2021

Question 2

Define ‘tight’ mitral stenosis

Answer 2

. A ‘tight’ mitral stenosis implies a cross-sectional area of < 1 sq cm

The normal cross-sectional area of the mitral valve is 4-6 sq cm

Question 3

Mutations in which gene is the most common gene abnormality seen in Brugada syndrome?

Answer 3

SCN5A gene

Encodes the myocardial sodium ion channel protein

Question 4

Features suggesting VT rather than SVT with aberrant conduction

Answer 4

Features suggesting VT rather than SVT with aberrant conduction
* AV dissociation
* fusion or capture beats
* positive QRS concordance in chest leads
* marked left axis deviation
* history of IHD
* lack of response to adenosine or carotid sinus massage
* QRS > 160 ms