Cardiology

Question 1

Most common valvular involvement in children with Rheumatic Heart Disease

Answer 1

Mitral Regurgitation

Question 2

Systolic regurgitant murmur, Grade II-IV/VI at the apex with transmission to the left axilla

Shortened leaflets due to fibrosis
Dilated LA & LV

S1 normal or diminished; S2 widely split; loud S3

Answer 2

Mitral Regurgitation

Question 3

Most common valvular involvement in adults

Answer 3

Mitral Stenosis

Question 4

Weak peripheral pulses with narrow pulse pressure

Loud S1 at the apex and narrow split S2 with loud P2

Opening snap is followed by a low frequency mitra diastolic rumble at the apex

Answer 4

Mitral Stenosis

Question 5

High-pitched diastolic murmur heard best at the 3rd-4th LICS, more easily audible when sitting and leaning forward

LV enlargement, dilated ascending aorta and prominent aortic knob

Answer 5

Aortic Regurgitation

Question 6

Most common valvular heart disease

Answer 6

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 7

Palpitation due to supraventricular arrhythmias or PV beats

Chest pain not associated with MI, exertional dyspnea, syncope and low BP

Systolic click

Answer 7

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 8

Systolic ejection murmurs: 2nd LICS with a widely split S2

Answer 8

Atrial Septal Defect

Question 9

Systolic ejection murmurs: 2nd LICS with radiation to the upper back

Answer 9

Pulmonic stenosis

Question 10

Systolic ejection murmurs: 2nd RICS with radiation to the upper back

Answer 10

Aortic Stenosis

Question 11

Systolic ejection murmur: 3rd-4th LICS with radiation to the interscapular area

Answer 11

Coarctation of aorta

Question 12

Systolic Regurgitation Murmurs: Left lower sternal border

Answer 12

Ventral Septal Defect

Question 13

Systolic Regurgitation Murmurs: Left lower sternal border with radiation to the left anterior axillary line

Answer 13

Mitral Regurgitation

Question 14

Couer en sabot/Boot shaped heart

Surgery: Blalock Taussig

Answer 14

Tetrallogy of fallot

Question 15

Egg-shaped Cardiac Silhoutte

Answer 15

Transposition of the great arteries

Question 16

Figure of 8 sign/ Snowman sign

Answer 16

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Question 17

Rib notching

Answer 17

Coarctation of Aorta

Question 18

Major Criteria for Infective Endocarditis

Answer 18

(+) blood culture (2)

Evidence of endocarditis on echocardiography

Question 19

Empirical therapy for patients without a prosthetic valve in Infective endocarditis

Answer 19

Vancomycin plus Gentamycin

Question 20

Fever, spiking up to 40C and persisting > 5 days, remittent, unresponsive to antibiotics

Plus
Bilateral bulbar conjunctival injections, unilateral CLAD, Strawberry tongue, edema and erythema of hands and feet, nonvesicular exanthem in the groin area

Answer 20

Kawasaki Disease

Question 21

Acute nonspecific systemic medium-sized vasculitis

Arteritis is frequently observed in the coronary arteries and iliac arteries

Answer 21

Kawasaki Disease

Question 22

Treatment in the Acute Phase of Kawasaki Disease

Answer 22

IVIG 2g/kg over 10-12hrs PLUS Aspirin 80-100mg/kg/day

Question 23

Treatment in the Convalescent Phase of Kawasaki Disease

Answer 23

Aspirin 3-5mg/kg OD until 6-8weeks

Question 24

Pink Tetralogy

Answer 24

Pulmonic Stenosis