Cardiovascular

Question 1

Pulmonary stenosis, VSD, R ventricle hypertrophy, over-riding aorta

Answer 1

Fallot’s tetralogy

Question 2

Chorea, carditis, polyarthritis, subcutaneous nodules and skin rash

Answer 2

Jones criteria

Question 3

Aschoff bodies and MacCallum’s patch in the left atrium

Answer 3

Rheumatic fever

Question 4

Libman Sacks endocarditis aka verrucous endocarditis

Answer 4

SLE

Question 5

Treponema pallidum; results in aortic aneurysm, angina and aortitis

Answer 5

Tertiary syphilis

Question 6

clot in an atherosclerotic vessel

Answer 6

thrombus

Question 7

transverse white streaks in an arterial thrombus

Answer 7

Lines of Zahn

Question 8

broken piece of a clot that travels elsewhere

Answer 8

embolus

Question 9

vessel disease resulting from loss of elasticity and contractility

Answer 9

arterioslcerosis

Question 10

vessel disease characterized by sub-intimal lipid + calcium deposits

Answer 10

atherosclerosis

Question 11

angina that occurs at rest; may be caused by coronary vasospasm

Answer 11

prinzmetal angina

Question 12

most common artery affected by coronary atherosclerosis

Answer 12

LAD artery

Question 13

localized dilation of an artery affecting al three layers of the vessel

Answer 13

aneurysm

Question 14

may be associated with dissection thoracic aneurysm

Answer 14

Marfan’s syndrome

Question 15

common site for berry aneurysm; adult polycystic kidney disease

Answer 15

Circle of Willis

Question 16

Elevated BP > 140/90 on 3 separate occasions or more

Answer 16

HTN

Question 17

95% of HTN

Answer 17

Essential HTN

Question 18

HTN caused by Cushing, hyperthyroidism and pheochromocytoma

Answer 18

secondary HTN

Question 19

rapidly progressing HTN with severe vascular damage

Answer 19

Malignant HTN

Question 20

myocardial disease caused by alcohol, viral infection, pregnancy

Answer 20

cardiomyopathy

Question 21

type of claudication seen in Peripheral Arterial Disease

Answer 21

intermittent

Question 22

Hypotension, distant heart sounds, high JVP

Answer 22

Beck’s triad

Question 23

vessel damage, venous stasis and hypercoagulability

Answer 23

Virchow’s triad

Question 24

seen in young male smokers; affects medium size arteries

Answer 24

Buerger’s disease

Question 25

affects the aorta causing loss of peripheral pulses

Answer 25

Takayasu's disease

Question 26

benign vascular tumor; corduroy cloth or sand dollar appearance

Answer 26

Hemangioma

Question 27

type of arteritis associated in very high ESR and seen in elderly

Answer 27

temporal arteritis

Question 28

virus type causing Kaposi sarcoma in AIDS patients

Answer 28

HHV type 8

Question 29

type lV hypersensitivity reaction affecting medium-size arteries

Answer 29

polyarteritis nodosa