cardiovascular system

Question 1

what are the four surfaces of the heart

Answer 1

the base
apex
anterior surface
inferior surface

Question 2

layers of the heart

Answer 2

serous layer and the fibrous layer

Question 3

what is the epicardium

Answer 3

visceral layer of the serous pericardium

Question 4

what is the myocardium

Answer 4

95% of the cardiac muscle=muscular part

Question 5

what is the endocardium

Answer 5

thin layer on the myocardium on the inside

Question 6

what does the superior vena cava receive

Answer 6

deoxygenated blood from everything above the diaphragm

Question 7

what is the fossa ovalis

Answer 7

oval shaped depression, which is suspected to be used to bypass the fetal lungs

Question 8

what valve after the right atrium

Answer 8

tricuspid valve

Question 9

what does the right ventricle do

Answer 9

pumps deoxygenated blood the lungs via the pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary arteries

Question 10

the tricuspid valve is connected to the

Answer 10

papillary muscle via the chordae tendineae

Question 11

where does the left atrium recieve its blood

Answer 11

receives oxygenated blood from the four pulmonary veins

Question 12

what is the valve that closes the left atrium

Answer 12

bicuspid valve

Question 13

features of the left ventricle

Answer 13

thickest wall, hardest working chamber

Question 14

what is the hole and pipe used in fetus to avoid blood going to the lungs and location

Answer 14

Foramen ovale- right atrium
ligamentum arteriosum- pulmonary artery to aorta

Question 15

what are the valves of the heart connected by and what are the individual names

Answer 15

fibrous skeleton
left fibrous trigone
right fibrous trigone
conus tendon

Question 16

what is the SA/sinoatrial node

Answer 16

pacemaker

Question 17

what is the atrioventricular/AV node

Answer 17

wall of tissue which separates the left and right atria

Question 18

what does the atrioventricular bundle allow

Answer 18

conduction from the atria to the venticles

Question 19

what is the right and left bundle branches

Answer 19

separates the left and right ventricles of the heart

Question 20

what are the purkinje fibres

Answer 20

specialised conductive cells

Question 21

three blood vessels

Answer 21

arteries
capillaries
veins

Question 22

what is the union that joins blood vessels

Answer 22

anastomose

Question 23

anastomose

Answer 23

union that joins blood vessels

Question 24

three types of arteries

Answer 24

elastic, muscular, arterioles

Question 25

what do capillaries do

Answer 25

connects venules and arterioles

Question 26

what is a continuous endothelium and what do they have+allow

Answer 26

most capillaries, have no fenestrae, allow pinocytosis

Question 27

where is fenestrated endothelium located, what does it allow and what do they have

Answer 27

located in the small intestine sinusoids of the liver +more allows extensive molecular exchange with blood large fenestrae in the walls

Question 28

how does blood return to the heart via the veins

Answer 28

uses skeletal muscle contraction to push the blood and valves to avoid back flow

Question 29

what is a medical problem where blood struggles to return through the veins

Answer 29

varicose veins

Question 30

parts of the aorta

Answer 30

ascending-right,left arch descending-thoracic, abdominal

Question 31

subcategories of the arch of aorta

Answer 31

left,right-common carotid artery

Question 32

subcategories of the arch of aorta and where they go

Answer 32

left,right-common carotid artery=goes to head subclavian artery=goes under clavical

Question 33

principle veins

Answer 33

superior vena cava inferior vena cava

Question 34

what arteries does the head contain what's its overall name

Answer 34

internal carotid vertebral overall=cerebral arterial circle

Question 35

arteries in the upper limb (5)

Answer 35

subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial and ulnar

Question 36

arteries in the lower limb(6)

Answer 36

Right and left common iliac external iliac femoral popliteal anterior and posterior tibial fibular

Question 37

left and right coronary arteries

Answer 37

left-anterior interventricular, circumflex right-posterior interventricular, marginal

Question 38

coronary veins (4)

Answer 38

great middle small anterior cardiac vein