Skeletal Muscles

Question 1

Isometric contraction

Answer 1

No changes to the length of muscle

Question 2

Isotonic concentric contraction

Answer 2

Length of the muscle shortens

Question 3

Isotonic eccentric contraction

Answer 3

The length of the muscle lengthens

Question 4

Lever

Answer 4

A rigid structure that can move at a fixed point

Question 5

Fulcrum

Answer 5

A fixed point around which the lever moves

Question 6

Effort

Answer 6

A force which causes movement (eg skeletal muscles)

Question 7

Load

Answer 7

A force that opposes movement

Question 8

5 muscle fibre classification

Answer 8

Parallel
Fusiform
Circular
Triangular
Pennate

Question 9

Parallel with example

Answer 9

Fasicicles are parallel to longitudinal axis of the muscle
Eg rectus abdominus muscle

Question 10

Fusiform with example

Answer 10

Arrange parallel but have a wider section in the middle eg biceps brachii

Question 11

Circular with example

Answer 11

Concentric circle arrangement for sphincter muscle eg mouth, anus

Question 12

Triangular/convergent muscle and example

Answer 12

Fascicles spread over broad area converge at thick central tendon eg pectorals major muscle

Question 13

Unipennate muscle and example

Answer 13

Fascicles are arranged on only one side of tendon
Eg-extensor digitorum longus

Question 14

Bipennate and example

Answer 14

Fascicles are arranged on both sides of centrally positioned tendons
Eg-rectus femoris

Question 15

Multipennate and example

Answer 15

Multiple bipennate muscles arranged together
Eg-deltoid muscle

Question 16

Agonist

Answer 16

Prime mover, contracts to produce movement

Question 17

Antagonist

Answer 17

Opposes the movement of the agonist, allowing for a smoother movement and controlled speed

Question 18

Synergist

Answer 18

Assists agonist by contributing tension or stabilising point of origin

Question 19

What is a muscle of mastication

Answer 19

Muscle that allows you to chew

Question 20

Muscles of mastication

Answer 20

Temporalis
Masseter
orbicularis oris

Question 21

4 rotator cuff muscles

Answer 21

Supraspinatus
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

Question 22

anatomical movements of gluteal region

Answer 22

Extend thigh, hips, abduction and external rotation

Question 23

Muscles of the anterior quadriceps femoris

Answer 23

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

Question 24

Function of the quadriceps femoris

Answer 24

Extension of the knee

Question 25

Function of the medial compartment of the thigh, and what its inavated by

Answer 25

Function-adduct the hip Innovated by- obturator nerve

Question 26

Muscle of the hamstring, function

Answer 26

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps femoris Function-extend hip, flex knee

Question 27

Function of the muscles in the anterior part of the lower leg, and innovation

Answer 27

Dorsiflexsion Innovation-deep fibular nerve

Question 28

Function and innovator of the lateral lower leg

Answer 28

Function- eversion of the foot Innovator-superficial fibular

Question 29

Muscle,function and innovator of the posterior compartment of the lower leg

Answer 29

Muscle-gastrocnemius Function-plantar flexion Innovator-tibial nerve

Question 30

function of the anterior compartment of the arm and innovator

Answer 30

flexion of the elbow innovator-musculocutaneous nerve

Question 31

function of the posterior compartment of the arm and innovator

Answer 31

extension of the elbow innovator- radial nerve

Question 32

function of the anterior compartment of the forearm and innovator

Answer 32

flexion of the wrist and fingers innovator-median and ulnar nerve

Question 33

function of the posterior compartment of the forearm and innovator

Answer 33

extension of the wrist and fingers innovator- radial nerve

Question 34

function of the hand and innovator

Answer 34

fine movement of fingers precision grip innovator-ulnar and median nerve

Question 35

thenar eminence

Answer 35

thumb region

Question 36

hypothenar eminence

Answer 36

under the little finger

Question 37

function of the anterior compartment of the thigh and innovator

Answer 37

function-extension of the knee innovator-femoral nerve

Question 38

function of the posterior compartment of the thigh and innovator

Answer 38

extend the hips, flex the knee tibial and common fibular