Cardiovascular System Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is plasma?
it is the liquid part of blood
Light yellowish coloiur
Its a diluted solution of water, salts, glucose, amino acids, antibodies, enzymes, vitamins, ect
What is the function of Plasma?
Plasma transports nutirents, hormones, ect, throughout the body.
It also removes waste products by bringing them to the liver, lungs, kidneys, or skin for removal of the waste
What are Platelets? (Thrombocytes)
They are plate like, and have no nuleus
What is the function of Platelets? (Thrombocytes)
They have chemicals that allow them to stick to cell wall vessels (and themselves)
They stick if there is damage to prevent bleeding.
Basically they group up to make a scab that stops you from bleeding out.
What are White blood cells? (Leukocytes)
They come in varous shapes, depending on their specific role in the immune system ans they contain a nucleus.
What is the function of white blood cells? (Leukocytes)
they are part of the immune system, If the cell is bigger than the foreign particle/bacteria ,they can basically eat it to kill it.
What are Red Blood Cells? (Erythrocytes)
They are a CONCAVE DISC (this shape allows for flexibility) and have NO nucleus
What is the function of Red Blood Cells?
They transport Oxygen to Tissues and Carbon Dioxide to Lungs.
Why are Red Blood Cells a CONCAVE DISC?
This concave shape increases surface area
They are flexible so they wont get stuck in capillaries, and they have the same diameter as the capillaries to increase gas exchange
what is Hemoglobin (in Red Blood Cells)?
The most imprtant component (protein) of red blood cells.
They are composed of 4 protein chains (2 alpha and 2 beta), each having a Heme group.
What are Heme groups? (in Hemoglobin rbc)
Heme groups contain a single iron atom, iron binds to oxygen (know as affinity)
Therefore: 1 RBC has 4 Heme groups which means 4 molocules of oxygen.
why is carbon dioxide piosinous?
Because it has a higher affinity, which means it has an easier time attaching to hemoglobin, replacing oxygen, depriving the body of o2.
what are Blood Vessels?
Blood vessels are channels / tubes that carry blood throughout your body.
What is the “Lumen” in blood vessles
Basically the hollow part or opening of the blood vessles
what are arteries?
They have a small in diameter lumen
and a thick, elastic muscle layer to withstand high pressure coming from the heart.
What is the function of Arteries?
They take blood away from the heart
What are Veins?
they have larger diameter lumen and are less elastic and thinner, they also contain valves to prevent backflow
What is the function of veins?
They bring blood back towards the heart
What are capillaries
They are the smallest vessle, their diameter allows for only ONE RBS to fit though.
one cell thick (allow diffustion)
What is the function of capillaries?
The capillaries are the sight of internal gas exchange and the diffution of nutrents and waste betweeen cells and blood streem.
Why do capillaries only allow for one RBC to fit though?
To allow RBC to create pressure against the capillary walls, allowing for easier diffustion
Gas Exchange: Lungs to Capillaries
Oxygen diffuses into capillaries from alveoli
and carbon dioxide diffuses out from the capillaires into alveoli.
Gas Exchange: Tissue to Capillaries
oxygen diffuess from capillaries into tissues
and carbon dioxide diffuses out of tisues
What are the two types of Circulation
Pulmonary and Systimatic
