Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

regulates body temperature, prevents infections, transports hormones and waste.

Question 2

True or False: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The _____ carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Answer 3

aorta

Question 4

What are the two main types of circulation (loops) in the cardiovascular system?

Answer 4

Systemic circulation/loop and pulmonary circulation/loop.

Question 5

Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?

Answer 5

Right atrium

Question 6

What is the name of the valve that prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?

Answer 6

Aortic valve

Question 7

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of blood? A) Red blood cells B) Plasma C) Neurons D) White blood cells

Answer 7

C) Neurons

Question 8

What is hypertension?

Answer 8

A condition characterized by consistently elevated blood pressure.

Question 9

True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the largest artery in the body.

Answer 10

aorta

Question 11

What is the primary role of red blood cells?

Answer 11

To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.

Question 12

What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

Answer 12

A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.

Question 13

Multiple choice: Which of the following conditions is characterized by a blockage in the coronary arteries? A) Stroke B) Heart attack C) Hypertension D) Arrhythmia

Answer 13

B) Heart attack

Question 14

What is the function of platelets in the blood?

Answer 14

To aid in blood clotting.

Question 15

True or False: Veins carry blood away from the heart.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the muscle layer of the heart.

Answer 16

myocardium

Question 17

What is the significance of the sinoatrial (SA) node?

Answer 17

It acts as the natural pacemaker of the heart.

Question 18

What type of blood vessel carries nutrients and oxygen to tissues?

Answer 18

Arteries

Question 19

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A) Regular exercise B) High cholesterol C) Low sodium diet D) Non-smoking

Answer 19

B) High cholesterol

Question 20

What is the term for the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively?

Answer 20

Cardiac output

Question 21

True or False: The pulmonary arteries carry oxygenated blood.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer layer of the heart.

Answer 22

epicardium

Question 23

What does the term ‘atherosclerosis’ refer to?

Answer 23

The buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls.

Question 24

What is the role of the coronary arteries?

Answer 24

To supply blood to the heart muscle itself.

Question 25

Multiple choice: Which part of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body? A) Right atrium B) Left ventricle C) Right ventricle D) Left atrium

Answer 25

B) Left ventricle

Question 26

What is the primary component of plasma?

Answer 26

Water

Question 27

Erythrocyte=

Answer 27

Red blood cell

Question 28

Leukocyte=

Answer 28

White blood cell

Question 29

Steps of hemostasis:

Answer 29

1. blood vessel contracts 2. fibrin mesh is formed 3. platelets are activated

Question 30

A person with Type A blood needs a blood transfusion. Which blood types are safe to provide to her?

Answer 30

Type O and Type A

Question 31

The real work of the heart contractions is done by which layer?

Answer 31

myocardium

Question 32

The human cardiovascular system has two loops. Which loop takes blood from the heart to the body tissues and back?

Answer 32

Systemic loop

Question 33

Formula for cardiac output

Answer 33

cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate

Question 34

Diastole

Answer 34

The relaxation portion of the cardiac cycle

Question 35

Valves

Answer 35

Prevents backflow of blood

Question 36

Septum

Answer 36

Divides the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood

Question 37

Auricle

Answer 37

Externally covers an atrium

Question 38

Systole

Answer 38

The contraction portion of the cardiac cycle

Question 39

Explain how a blood pressure (BP) reading is obtained. Include: positioning of the patient (person getting their BP read), placement of the equipment, when are the numbers recorded and how a BP reading is recorded.

Answer 39

A blood pressure reading is obtained by placing a properly positioned blood pressure cuff around the upper arm, inflating it to temporarily restrict blood flow, and then listening for the pulse sounds with a stethoscope to determine the pressure at which blood starts and stops flowing again; the systolic pressure is recorded when the first pulse sound is heard, and the diastolic pressure is recorded when the sound disappears.

Question 40

Normal blood pressue

Answer 40

120/80