Skeletal System

Question 1

What is included in the axial skeleton?

Answer 1

Central axis of the body: cranium/skull, mandible, cervical vertebrae, manubrium, sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx and ALL the cranial bones

Question 2

What is included in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 2

shoulder and hip joints, arms, legs: clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, pelvic girdle, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals

Question 3

What are examples of flat bones?

Answer 3

scapula, sternum

Question 4

What is the name given to the end of long bones?

Answer 4

epiphysis

Question 5

What is the name given the the middle/longest part of a long bone?

Answer 5

diaphysis

Question 6

What is found on the ends of long bones to help joints glide smoothly?

Answer 6

articular cartilage

Question 7

If the calcium level in your blood is LOW- what will be release to break down bone and put calcium back in blood?

Answer 7

PTH (parathyroid hormone)

Question 8

If the calcium level in your blood is HIGH- what will be release to have calcium absorbed by bones and decrease amount in blood?

Answer 8

Calcitonin

Question 9

Which part of the bone matrix gives it flexibility?

Answer 9

Osteoid

Question 10

Which part of the bone matrix gives it hardness/strength?

Answer 10

Minerals/hydroxyapatites

Question 11

Osteocytes

Answer 11

Mature bone cells

Question 12

Osteoclasts

Answer 12

Breaks down bone

Question 13

Osteoblasts

Answer 13

Produce new bone

Question 14

Which type of tissue contains trabeculae?

Answer 14

spongy

Question 15

What is found in the spaces between trabeculae?

Answer 15

red bone marrow

Question 16

What are connected by canaliculi?

Answer 16

osteocytes

Question 17

What are the 4 steps of broken bone repair?

Answer 17

hematoma, callus, callus ossification and compact bone forms

Question 18

What occurs during hematoma formation? (broken bone repair)

Answer 18

Blood gathers, cells die, phagocytes ingest dead bone cells & debris

Question 19

What occurs during callus formation? (broken bone repair)

Answer 19

Blood vessels grow, cartilage forms to hold bone together

Question 20

What occurs during callus ossification? (broken bone repair)

Answer 20

Spongy bone forms to replace cartilage

Question 21

What occurs during compact bone formation? (broken bone repair)

Answer 21

Spongy bone is converted to compact bone

Question 22

Fibrous Joint

Answer 22

immoveable/slightly moveable; found between skull bones

Question 23

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 23

immovable/slightly moveable; found between vertebrae and attachment of ribs

Question 24

Synovial Joint

Answer 24

highly moveable, contains synovial fluid; found in knee & elbow

Question 25

Which type of synovial joint has the MOST range of motion?

Answer 25

Ball and socket

Question 26

Which of the following is the correct order of the vertebral column from (cranial to caudal)?

Answer 26

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx

Question 27

Which of the fracture types is incomplete?

Answer 27

greenstick

Question 28

What attaches bone to bone?

Answer 28

Ligament

Question 29

What attaches muscle to bone?

Answer 29

Tendon

Question 30

Which type of bone contains osteons?

Answer 30

Compact

Question 31

-blast

Answer 31

immature cell

Question 32

crani-

Answer 32

skull

Question 33

clast-

Answer 33

breaking down

Question 34

cephal-

Answer 34

head

Question 35

epi-

Answer 35

upon

Question 36

femor-

Answer 36

femur

Question 37

inter-

Answer 37

between

Question 38

osteo-

Answer 38

bone

Question 39

peri-

Answer 39

surrounding, around

Question 40

-physis

Answer 40

growth

Question 41

trabecul-

Answer 41

little neck

Question 42

How many vertebrae in the CERVICAL spine?

Answer 42

7

Question 43

How many vertebrae in the THORACIC spine?

Answer 43

12

Question 44

How many vertebrae in the LUMBAR spine?

Answer 44

5

Question 45

What two bones does your ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) connect?

Answer 45

Femur and tibia