Cardiovascular System Flashcards
(14 cards)
Four functions of cardiovascular system
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Transport of nutrients
Regulation of body temperature
Clotting of open wounds
Explain part of vasodilation and vasoconstriction
When you start to exercise chemical changes trigger signals from your nervous system
White blood cell explain part
They can slide through walls of the blood vessels and attack bacteria at the sight of infection
What happens in the respiratory muscles during ventilation
During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards and the intercostal muscles contract and move the ribs upwards and outwards. This increases the size of the chest and decreases the air pressure inside iand which sucks air into the lungs. The opposite happens in expiration
Lung volume ( total lung capacity) definition
The total amount of air the lungs can hold
Tidal volume meaning
The amount of air inspired or expired in a normal breath
Calculating maximum heart rate
220-age
Vital capacity definition
The maximum amount of air the lungs can expire auger the maximum amount they can inspire
What happens to respiratory system short term during exercise
Tidal volume increases
Frequency and breathing rate increase and depth increase
Increase in gas exchange
Oxygen debt may occur
Definition of energy
The capacity to do work
What is whether it’s aerobic on anaerobic respiration determined by
Intensity and duration
What does lactic acid cause
A by product produced in anaerobic respiration which will accumulate in the blood and muscle tissue causing muscle to become tired and less efficiently
Short term effects of exercise on cardiovascular system
Heart rate increases
Increased stroke volume
Both these cause increased cardiac output
Blood pressure increases
Vascular shunting takes place
Short term effects of exercise of muscular system
Increased demand for energy from muscles
Increased carbon dioxide production
Increased temperature (increased pliability)
Lactic acid production
Lactate accumulation
Muscle fatigue
