cardiovascular system

Question 1

where is heart located?

Answer 1

• hollow muscular organ size of fist
• between lungs
• apex (tip) pointed towards left hip
• contracts 72x per minute

Question 2

what is the outer protective layers of the heart?

Answer 2

pericardium – 2 layers
1. fibrous pericardium: provides protection and anchors heart in place
2. serous pericardium: produces lubricating fluid that collects in pericardial cavity to reduce frction of heart against other tissues
a. parietal pericardium
b. visceral pericardium

Question 3

what are the 3 layers of the heart?

Answer 3

1. epicardium (visceral pericardium)
2. myocardium: thick twisting of cardiac muscle to provide contractions
3. endocardium: thin layer lining heart chambers

Question 4

what are the 2 cardiovascular circuits

Answer 4

1. pulmonary circuit: carries blood from heart to lungs and back, picks up O2 and releases CO2
2. systematic circuit: carries blood from heart to body tissues and back, drops of O2 and picks up CO2

Question 5

what are the main parts of pulmonary circuit

Answer 5

• pulmonary trunk (right and left pulmonary areteries)
• pulmonary veins