Cardiovascular system 5 Flashcards
Which way do arteries carry blood
Away from the heart (Atrial blood)
Which way do veins carry blood
Towards the heart (venous blood)
What part/s of the heart contract first
Atria contract first, pushing blood into the ventricles
What part of the heart contracts second
The ventricles contact second pushing the blood around the body
Does the left and right contract simultaneously
Yes. Both the left and right atrium and ventricles
When do the AV valves open/close
Open when the atrium contract
Close when the ventricles contract
When do the semilunar valves open/close
Open when ventricles contacts
Close when atrium contacts
How can you increase the force of cardiac contraction
Increase cytosolic Ca2+ levels
How does cardiac relaxation work
Decreases the Ca2+ levels in cytosol (pumped back into SR) All cardiac myocytes relax between each beat
What is diastole
Relaxation/filling - falling pressure
What is systole
Contraction/pumping - rising pressure
Does each structure have the same cycle of systole and dyastole
No, as the atrium and the ventricle contract at different times they have different periods of rest as well
What is hypertension
High Blood pressure
What is hypotension
Low Blood pressure
Is systemic or pulmonary pressure higher
Systemic pressure is typically higher
