Case Study: Lagos Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Case Study: Lagos Deck (12)
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1
Q

Describe the age and function of the following areas in Lagos:
CBD, Inner City, Suburbs and the Rural Urban fringe

A

CBD-modern office buildings, government headquarters and bank
Inner City-older, high density low quality housing and factories
Suburbs-modern high class residential and commercial
Rural urban fringe-new industrial zone and port

2
Q

Describe the city of lagos (5 points)

A

It is a megacity in nigeria, it has a population of 21mill
It is next to the atlantic western ocean, an ideal place for port
It is well connected via roads and has an international port and airport
It is the main financial centre for west Africa (80% of nigerias industry)
It is home to Nollywood and afrobeat music giving it cultural importance

3
Q

How and why did lagos’s population grow in historic times, between 1960 and 1990 and recently?

A

Historic- under british rule lagos was a centre of trade which meant lots of merchants. Ex slaves came to Lagos too.
1960s-1990-rapid economic development after independence, oil made people wealthy. Many construction projects created jobs. Lots of natural increase
Recent-rural urban migration. National migrations from war stricken countries. Some international for business. Natural increase high.

4
Q

How has lagos’s growth caused changes in land use? (6)

A

The city has grown
More people live in the rural urban fringe due to high house prices
Land has been reclaimed from lagoon
CBD land is very valuable
Previously empty area are built on, wasteland or swamps
Some slum settlements have been torn down and replaced with new buildings

5
Q

How do people in lagos have more opportunities? (8)

A
Better access to employment. Fishing, banks,government, manufacturing, construction.
Informal sector work
Income 4x higher the rural areas
Healthcare
Education
Electricity
Water
Internet
6
Q

How is lagos facing challenges in housing, traffic waste, jobs and services.

A

Squatter settlements- homes are often flimsy and illegally built. They are evicted if they need to be demolished. The only electricity comes from illegal sources. Area boys as informal police.
Traffic congestion-little investment in transport infrastructure.limited public transport. The CBD is on an island with only three bridges.
Limited service provision-not enough schools or healthcare
Employment- not enough formal jobs. 60% is informal work. No protection for street sellers. Most on less than $1.25 a day
Waste disposal-most don’t have access to toilets, lots of sewage goes into the lagoon along with rubbish. 9000 tonnes of waste daily. 40% pf rubbish is officially collected.
Water supply- 40% of city is connected to water supply. The water is often contaminated. Not enough water so people buy it from informal sellers.

7
Q

Describe the inequalities between the rich and the poor.

A

The rich- they afford better housing often in gated communities.they can afford to live closer to work and don’t have to go in traffic jams. The government cant supply the whole city with electricity but rich can run their own generators.
The poor- cant afford high quality housing. They live in slums in polluted areas, they don’t have electricity and use cooking stoves which pollute. Lack of waste disposal leads to health risks

8
Q

How do inequalities in Lagos make political and economic management of lagos challenging?

A

The rich want more office buildings, but the poor want housing improvements and more services. Rich win.
The rich can bribe police and laws don’t really apply to them.
The rich are powerful. Proposals for light railway have been denied as the rich benefit of the lorries that supply the city

9
Q

How is the government trying to make lagos more sustainable?

A

Improving water supply- $2.5bill plan for new water plants and distribution networks. Water kiosks are being introduced, where people can buy water at a lower price than from informal sellers.
Improving waste disposal- the LAWMA is improving rubbish collection by doing it at night, recycling is being encouraged.
Reducing traffic- two light railways are under construction
Improving air quality- small electric generators run by household are polluting. People are encouraged to get a big one per community to reduce pollution.

10
Q

How are communities and NGOs also trying to improve Lago’s sustainability?

A

Improving health- CHEIF is an NGO that aims to develop sustainable healthcare in deprived areas of lagos by opening up health centres. They also run health classes.
Improving housing- SEAP is an NGO that offer loans at affordable rates so people can get a mortgage and move out the slums.
Improving education- the Oando foundation is aiming to create a sustainable education system by improving attendance, quality of education, renovating schools and teaching teachers.

11
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of top-down strategies?

A

Can achieve large improvements which affect the whole city, e.g water should be supplied to everyone by 2020. Can carry out high cost projects which NGO’s wouldn’t be able to fund. Can address economic, social and environmental sustainability.
But often very expensive (£1 billion for light railway). Top down strategies are not always backed by the communities as they may not address their exact needs. Many may not help the most in need, generators ban

12
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of bottom up strategies?

A

Planned with local communities, can target local people. Often funded by developed countries or charities so they are a low cost to the government.
But projects reach fewer people, funds are limited and rely entirely on donations, can lack coordination as several NGOs with the same aims work separately