CB3 DNA Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are genes, chromosomes and genome all made from?
DNA.
What shape is a DNA molecule?
Double helix.
What are the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide?
Phosphate, sugar, base.
What DNA base does adenine pair with?
Thymine.
What DNA base does cytosine pair with?
Guanine.
What bond is between the complementary DNA base pairs?
Hydrogen Bonds.
What is the role of the detergent in extracting DNA from cells?
It breaks down the cell surface and nuclear membranes.
What is the role of cold ethanol in extracting DNA from cells?
It causes the DNA to precipitate.
What are alleles?
Different forms of the same gene.
What is a genotype?
The combination of alleles for a gene.
What is a phenotype?
The feature produced by the combination of alleles.
What is meant by being homozygous for a gene?
The 2 alleles are the same.
What is meant by being heterozygous for a gene?
The 2 alleles are different.
What are the 2 human sex chromosomes?
X, Y
What combination of sex chromosomes produces a human female?
XX
What combination of sex chromosomes produces a human male?
XY
What are the 2 main advantages of mapping a person’s genome?
Indicate the risk of developing genetic disorders, identify the best medicines to use to treat illness
