CC DAY-2- Diabetes Mellitus Flashcards
(47 cards)
group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin receptors or both
Diabetes Mellitus
in severe DM, ratio of B-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate is:
6:1
women 45 years and older are recommended to be screened for diabetes every ________
every 3 years
early sign of diabetic nephropathy
Microalbuminuria
non known etiology and strongly inherited
Idiopathic Type 1 DM
is the onset of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy due to metabolic or hormonal changes
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Screening of GDM is performed with pregnant women without known prior diabetes:
24 and 28 weeks of gestation
screening of GDM to women with history of GDM:
LIFELONG screening for diabetes or prediabetes every >_3 years
women with diabetes in the first trimester have ____
type 2 diabetes
GDM is diagnosed at what trimester?
second or third trimester
75-g OGTT
Diagnosis is confirmed when plasma glucose levels meet or exceed:
fasting:
1 hour:
2 hour:
92 mg/dl
180
153
100-g OGTT
Diagnosis is confirmed when plasma glucose levels meet or exceed:
fasting:
1 hour:
2 hour:
3 hour:
95 mg/dl
180
155
140
requested during insulin shock and hyperglycemic ketonic coma
RBS
color change read by reflectance photometry
POCT
2-Hr post prandial
normal value: ___
diabetic: ____
<140 mg/dl
>180 mg/dl
index for long term plasma glucose control 2-3 months
HBA1C
products of fat decomposition
ketones
test recommended when plasma glucose reaches 300 mg/dl
ketone test
3 ketone bodies
acetone 2%
acetoacetic acid 20%
3-B-hydroxybutyric acid 78%
specimen for ketone test
serum or urine
fasting req in OGTT
10-12 HOURS
Reflection of short term glucose control (2-3 weeks)
Fructosamine
blood samples are collected im 30, 60, 120 minutes
lactose tolerance test
an optional 5-hour stool specimen can be collected, and its apperance, consistency, and pH noted
lactose tolerance test
