cell biology - unit 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
phospholipid bilayer of cholesterol and proteins which give function and strength to cell
plasma membrane
tunnel/pores which allows chemicals to pass through PM
channels
uses atp breakdown to force chemicals across PM
pump
bind/activate by hormone/neurotransmitters to change function of cell
receptors
protein that acts as a biological catalyst
enzyme
bind neighboring cells
membrane junction proteins
3 types of membrane junction proteins
tight junction, gap junction, and desmosomes
type of junction. channels that link cytoplasm b/w cells
gap junction
type of junction. forms a strong connection b/w cells which provides tissues with strength and tear-proof
desmosomes
type of junction. waterproof seal b/w cells and tissues
tight junctions
how chemicals cross PM
membrane transport
3 types of membrane transport
passive, active, vesicular transport
type of transport. diffusion of chemicals across PM
passive transport
type of transport. chemicals are pumped through PM
active transport
type of transport. movement across PM via vesicles.
vesicular transport
diffusion where chemicals can pass between phospholipids of PM
simple diffusion
diffusion where chemicals pass through protein channels in PM
facilitated diffusion
diffusion of h2o. movement of low to high concentration.
osmosis
solution that has a solute concentration greater than the cell’s. causes cell to shrivel.
hypertonic solution
a solution that has a solute concentration less than the cells. causes cell to swell.
hypotonic solution
a solution that has a solute concentration equal to the cells. causes equal movement in /out of cell.
isotonic solution
two forms of vesicular transport
endocytosis and exocytosis
“phagocytosis.” cell engulfs materials just outside of PM and pinches it off to form a vesicle with the material inside
endocytosis
