Cell cycle and Mitosis Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the three eukaryotic phases in the cell cycle?
Interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
What are the three key checkpoints in the cell cycle?
G1, G2 and mitosis
What occurs in the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?
the cell is checked for growth progress, all correct organelles, and that there is enough nutrients available to the cell
What occurs in the G2 checkpoint in the cell cycle?
the cell is checked to see if it has enough ATP and whether the DNA is all there and working
What occurs in the mitosis checkpoint in the cell cycle?
Checked that all chromosomes are present and are intact and going where they should
Define apoptosis
the self destruction of a cell
In the G1 checkpoint, what two things GROW?
the cytoplasm and the organelles (return back to full size)
Define a chromosome
a visible, condensed, wound up bunch of DNA
what is the wound up strands that make up the chromosome (and store DNA)?
chromatid
What is the order of mitosis?
Interphase, prophase, early and late metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
What phase in mitosis does the chromatin start to condense?
interphase
What phase does the chromosomes start to become visible and the centrioles and the spindle fibers start to move to the two opposing poles?
prophase
metaphase is when…
the nuclear membrane dissolves and disappears, chromosomes start to move to the equator (center) and spindle fibers move chromosomes AND the nucleus is replaced by lined up chromosomes
what happens in anaphase?
sister chromatids are pulled apart and centromere is destroyed
The membrane starts to pinch in and the nucleus reform in which phase?
telophase
What phase has the cell divided completely by?
cytokinesis
mitosis occurs in what five phases?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
