Cell Division

Question 1

a series of changes the cell experiences from the time it is formed until it divides
the period between the beginning of one cell division and the beginning of the next cell division

Answer 1

Cell Division

Question 2

Cell life cycle has 2 major periods

Answer 2

Interphase

Cell division

Question 3

Metabolic phase
Cell grows and carries on metabolic processes
Longest phase of the cell cycle

Answer 3

Interphase

Question 4

Cell reproduces itself

Answer 4

Cell division

Question 5

Genetic material is duplicated and readies a cell for division into two cells
Occurs toward the end of interphase
Process of DNA replication

Answer 5

CELL DIVISION

Question 6

Body Cell Division

It involves

Answer 6

Somatic Cell Division

Question 7

3 major processes of Somatic Cell Division:

i, m, c

Answer 7

interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis

Question 8

• Is a very active period of cell activity during which DNA in the nucleus doubles
• The phenomenon is called “Replication”, meaning that DNA makes the copy of itself.

Answer 8

Interphase

Question 9

• division of the cytoplasm into two distinct daughter cells

Answer 9

Cytokinesis

Question 10

• Is the process during which two diploid (2n) daughter cells result from the division of a diploid (2n) parent cell
• 4 sequential stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Answer 10

Mitosis

Question 11

division of the nucleus

Results in the formation of two daughter nuclei

Answer 11

MITOSIS

Question 12

division of the cytoplasm

Product: Two daughter cells exist

Begins during late anaphase and completes during telophase

Answer 12

Cytokinesis

Question 13

EVENTS OF MITOSIS:

PMAT

Answer 13

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 14

Chromatin coils into chromosomes

chromatids are held together by a centromere

Centrioles direct the assembly of a mitotic spindle

Nuclear envelope and nucleoli have broken down

Answer 14

Prophase

Question 15

• Chromatin condenses and shortens into chromosomes.

* Each prophase chromosome has chromatids

Answer 15

Early Prophase

Question 16

• Each prophase chromosome has a pair of identical, double- stranded DNAs called

Answer 16

CHROMATIDS

Question 17

• Disappearance of the NUCLEOLI.
• Breakdown of the NUCLEAR MEMBRANE.
• Movement of the two CENTRIOLES toward opposite directions.
• Appearance of MITOTIC APPARATUS

Answer 17

Late Prophase

Question 18

Line up in the middle

Chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell on the metaphase plate

Center of the spindle midway between the centrioles

Straight line of chromosomes is now seen

the CHROMATID pairs line up at the center of mitotic apparatus

Answer 18

Metaphase

Question 19

Pulled away

Centromere splits

Chromatids move slowly apart and toward the opposite ends of the cell

the phase is over when the chromosomes stop moving

Movement of the two sister chromatids of each chromosomes toward opposite pole of the cell

Answer 19

Anaphase

Question 20

Reverse of prophase

Chromosomes uncoil to become chromatin

Spindles break down and disappear

Nuclear envelope re-forms around chromatin

Nucleoli appear in each of the daughter nuclei

Formation of nuclear membrane around each set of chromatin.

Appearance of nucleoli.

Mitotic apparatus disappears.

Answer 20

Telophase

Question 21

in telophase, Formation of two daughter cells with __chromosomes each.

Answer 21

46

Question 22

In most cases, M and C occur together

Answer 22

Mitosis Cytokinesis

Question 23

In some cases, the c is not divided

Answer 23

cytoplasm

Question 24

serves as a blueprint for making proteins

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

DNA segment that carries a blueprint for building one protein or polypeptide chain

Answer 25

Gene

Question 26

Where to find ribosomes?

Answer 26

Rough ER

Question 27

protein that the building materials for cells | structural

Answer 27

Fibrous proteins

Question 28

protein that act as enzymes (biological catalysts) | functional

Answer 28

Globular proteins

Question 29

Most ribosomes, the manufacturing sites of proteins, are located in the

Answer 29

cytoplasm

Question 30

DNA never leaves the nucleus in ___cells

Answer 30

interphase

Question 31

DNA requires a ___ and a ___ to carry instructions to build proteins to ribosomes

Answer 31

decoder messenger

Question 32

Both the decoder and messenger functions are carried out by

Answer 32

RNA

Question 33

single-stranded contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose

Answer 33

RNA

Question 34

3 varieties of RNA

Answer 34

tRNA rRNA mRNA

Question 35

Transfers appropriate amino acids to the ribosome for building the protein

Answer 35

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 36

Helps form the ribosomes where proteins are built

Answer 36

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 37

Carries the instructions for building a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome

Answer 37

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 38

2 major phases of protein synthesis

Answer 38

Transcription | Translation

Question 39

happens in nucleus

Answer 39

Transcription

Question 40

happens in cytoplasm

Answer 40

Translation

Question 41

Transfer of information from DNA’s base sequence to the complementary base sequence of mRNA Each DNA triplet corresponds to an mRNA codon

Answer 41

Transcription

Question 42

in Transcription DNA is the template for ___; mRNA is the ___

Answer 42

transcription - product

Question 43

Base sequence of nucleic acid is translated to an amino acid sequence; amino acids are the building blocks of proteins Occurs in the cytoplasm and involves three major varieties of RNA

Answer 43

Translation