Integumentary System

Question 1

• is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 1

Epidermis

Question 2

• is mostly dense (fibrous) connective tissue

Answer 2

Dermis

Question 3

Integumentary system consists of the:

Answer 3

Skin

Skin appendages

Question 4

Integumentary system Protects the entire body from:

M, C, T, U, M, D

Answer 4

Mechanical damage
Chemical damage 
Thermal damage
Ultraviolet radiation 
Microbes (bacteria)
Desiccation (drying out)

Question 5

3 kinds of tissue compose the skin

Answer 5

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

Question 6

subcutaneous layer

Answer 6

Hypodermis

Question 7

Anchors the skin to underlying organs

Composed mostly of adipose tissue

Serves as a shock absorber and insulates deeper tissues

Answer 7

Hypodermis

Question 8

outer layer

Avascular

Capable of being hard and tough

Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 8

Epidermis

Question 9

Keratinocytes (the most common cell) produce a fibrous protein called ___

Answer 9

keratin

Question 10

Layers of the epidermis (deepest to most superficial)

C, L, G, S, B

Answer 10

Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum

Question 11

also known as stratum germinativum

Deepest layer of epidermis

Answer 11

Stratum basale

Question 12

Wavy borderline with the dermis anchors the two together

Cells undergoing mitosis

Daughter cells are pushed upward to become the more superficial layers

Answer 12

Stratum basale

Question 13

Cells become increasingly flatter and more keratinized

Answer 13

Stratum spinosum

Question 14

Two to five layers of flattened, diamond shaped cells

Answer 14

Stratum granulosum

Question 15

Formed from dead cells of the deeper strata

Occurs only in thick, hairless skin of the palms of hands and soles of feet

Answer 15

Stratum lucidum

Question 16

Outermost layer of epidermis

Shingle-like dead cells are filled with keratin (protective protein prevents water loss from skin)

Answer 16

Stratum corneum

Question 17

a pigment produced by melanocytes

Answer 17

Melanin

Question 18

Melanocytes are mostly in the stratum __ of the epidermis

Answer 18

basale

Question 19

Color is yellow to brown to black

accumulates in membrane-bound granules called melanosomes

Amount of ___ produced depends upon genetics and exposure to sunlight

Answer 19

Melanin

Question 20

Also called Langerhans cells

Alert and activate immune cells to a threat

Answer 20

Epidermal dendritic cells

Question 21

Associated with sensory nerve endings

Serve as Merkel discs

Answer 21

Merkel cells

Question 22

Serve as touch receptors called

Answer 22

Merkel discs

Question 23

Connective tissue

Underlies the epidermis

Answer 23

Dermis

Question 24

2 layers of the dermis

Answer 24

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

Question 25

upper dermal region contain dermal papillae Indent the epidermis above Many projections contain capillary loops, and others house pain and touch receptors

Answer 25

Papillary layer

Question 26

Papillary layer contain projections called

Answer 26

dermal papillae

Question 27

On palm and sole surfaces, papillae increase friction and gripping ability Fingerprints are identifying films of sweat

Answer 27

Papillary layer

Question 28

deepest skin layer Blood vessels Sweat and oil glands Deep pressure receptors

Answer 28

Reticular layer

Question 29

Deep pressure receptors called as

Answer 29

lamellar corpuscles

Question 30

3 pigments contribute to skin color

Answer 30

Melanin Carotene Hemoglobin

Question 31

Yellow, reddish brown, or black pigments

Answer 31

Melanin

Question 32

Orange-yellow pigment from some vegetables

Answer 32

Carotene

Question 33

Red coloring from blood cells in dermal capillaries

Answer 33

Hemoglobin

Question 34

Oxygen content determines the extent of __ coloring If it is low, it will result ___

Answer 34

red - anemia

Question 35

not enough oxygen

Answer 35

Cyanosis

Question 36

deficient oxygen in the tissue

Answer 36

Hypoxia

Question 37

 Erythema |  Due to embarrassment, inflammation, hypertension, fever, or allergy

Answer 37

Redness

Question 38

 Blanching |  due to emotional stress (such as fear), anemia, low blood pressure, impaired blood flow to an area

Answer 38

Pallor

Question 39

 yellow cast |  Indicates a liver disorder

Answer 39

Jaundice

Question 40

 black and blue marks |  hematomas

Answer 40

Bruises