cell mechanism of learning/mem (7) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in cell mechanism of learning/mem (7) Deck (15)
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1
Q

in patient H.M. what part of his brain was removed and why?

A

hippocampus to get rid of seizures

2
Q

what was the consequence of removing H.M.’s hippocampus?

A

inability to form new memories. tells you that new memories are made in the hippocampus

3
Q

where is long term declarative memory stored?

A

a variety of cortical sites: wernicke’s area for the meaning of words, and the temporal cortex for the memories of objects & faces

4
Q

where is long term non-declarative memory stored?

A

cerebellum, basal ganglia, pre motor cortex and other sites that are related to motor behavior

5
Q

what does long term potentiation mean?

A

there is long lasting enhancement in signal transmission between two neurons that results from stimulating them synchronously.
synapses are able to change their strength!

6
Q

what are the 3 pathways form the intrinsic trisynaptic circuitry?

A
  1. perforant path
  2. dentate granule cell projections to area CA3 pyrimidal cells
  3. CA3 pyramidal cell projections to CA1 pyrimidal cells
7
Q

at low frequency & low intensity stimuli, which receptors are activated?

A

only the AMPA receptors

8
Q

what are 2 NMDA receptor antagonists?

A

AP5 and MK801

9
Q

is NMDA receptor activation required for LTP induction?

A

YES

10
Q

for the NMDA receptor, what is the ion in its associated ion channel blocker?

A

Mg++

11
Q

what would be the result on LTP if there was treatment with the protein synthesis inhibitor: aniosomycin?

A

LTP would decay within a few hours because protein synthesis is essential for LTP maintenance

12
Q

what does PKA and CaMKII do to AMPA receptors?

A

it increases AMPA receptor currents by insertion of additional AMPA receptors

13
Q

what two compounds increase NMDA currents?

A

PKC and PTK

14
Q

what is the main way that the LTP pathway differs form the LTD pathway?

A

rises in Ca++ leads to the activation of phosphatases in the LTD pathway (where as in the LTP pathway it leads to activation of kinases)

15
Q

what happens to the AMPA receptors in LTD?

A

they get internalized (which decreases the sensitivity to glutamate release)