Speech and Language

Question 1

What does speech result from?

Answer 1

Specific motor behaviors and it requires precise neuromuscular coordination of respiration, phonation, resonance and articulation systems

Question 2

What are the 4 processes of speech?

Answer 2

Respiration, phonationm articulation, resonation

Question 3

What is respiration

Answer 3

Breathing that provides power

Question 4

What is phonation?

Answer 4

production of sound by muscle contraction

Question 5

What is articulation?

Answer 5

Formation of recognizable speech by the mouth

Question 6

What is resonation?

Answer 6

sound quality shaped by the throat

Question 7

What are phenomes?

Answer 7

The sounds of language

Question 8

How are phenomes generated?

Answer 8

alteration of the flow of air from the lungs across the articulatory elements of the nose and mouth.

Question 9

What is language?

Answer 9

Rule based system for communication

Question 10

What are the rules of language?

Answer 10

related to grammar (syntax), meaning (semantics) and usage (pragmatics and vocabulary

Question 11

What are the 5 dimensions of language??

Answer 11

Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics

Question 12

What is phonology?

Answer 12

Rules determining how sounds can be sequenced

Question 13

What is morphology?

Answer 13

Rules for the meaning of sounds

Question 14

What is syntax?

Answer 14

Rules for grammar

Question 15

What is semantics?

Answer 15

rules for the meaning of words

Question 16

What is pragmatics?

Answer 16

rules for communication and classifying words

Question 17

What is communication?

Answer 17

The process used to exchange info with others

Question 18

What percentage of communication is nonlinguistic?

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

What is prosody?

Answer 19

the melody of language

Question 20

Why is prosody important?

Answer 20

Pitch changes to convey emotion and linguistic information

Question 21

Where are semantics processed?

Answer 21

Angular gyrus

Question 22

What areas assist with vocalization?

Answer 22

limbic system and periaqueductal gray

Question 23

What are the three general categories of language disorders?

Answer 23

articulation disorders, fluency disorders, voice disorders

Question 24

what are the types of speech sound errors?

Answer 24

Distortion, substitutions, omissions, additions

Question 25

What are two examples of fluency disorders?

Answer 25

stuttering and cluttered speach

Question 26

If there is a voice disorder, how does the patient present?

Answer 26

Voice sounds breathy, hoarse, husky or strained

Question 27

What is conducting aphasia?

Answer 27

repeating is a problem

Question 28

What is anomic aphasia?

Answer 28

Difficulty finding words (parietal lobe damage)

Question 29

What is anarthria?

Answer 29

Issues with the the motor aspect of speech

Question 30

What is alexia?

Answer 30

Inability to read (but can write)

Question 31

What are some major causes of communication disorders?

Answer 31

Trauma, vascular disturbance, tumor, infection, environment, neurodegeneratoin, genetic, idiopathic

Question 32

What is a direct contact disorder characterized by?

Answer 32

Afect communication and cognition directly

Question 33

What is an indirect contact disorder characterized by?

Answer 33

Difficulty interacting with your environment

Question 34

What is an example of indirect context disorders?

Answer 34

Hemineglect

Question 35

When you drink alcohol, what happens to the size of Broca's area over the years?

Answer 35

It decreases

Question 36

What does velocardiofacial syndrome cause?

Answer 36

Facial abnormalites, hearning problems, hypothyroidism, speech problems (because incomplete development of articulatory structures) and immune system problems

Question 37

What characterizes autism?

Answer 37

social impairments, communicating difficulties, restrictive, repetitive and stereotypes behaviors